List of US places named for non-US places
This is a list of US places named for non-US places. In the case of this list, place means any named location that's smaller than a county or equivalent: cities, towns, villages, hamlets, neighborhoods, municipalities, boroughs, townships, civil parishes, localities, Census Designated Places, and some districts. Also included are country homes, castles, palaces, and similar institutions.
There are many places in the United States that are named for places in another country. By far, the majority of them are due to immigrants naming their new home after their former home. As such they reflect the pattern of immigration to the United States. Immigrants did not just settle in random locations, but rather congregated with others who spoke the same language and had the same religion. Three examples:
- An area in western Michigan centered on Holland, Michigan was settled by religious refugees from the Netherlands. After a split from the state church in the Netherlands, they were unhappy with the restrictions the Dutch government placed on their religious practices. There are several villages in that region named for villages in the old country.[1]:61
- A number of Belgian names are found clustered in the Green Bay area of northeastern Wisconsin. This reflects the high concentration of Belgian immigrants in that area.
- Ellis County, Kansas was the destination of a group of Volga Germans who moved there in the 1870s. Their settlements were mostly given the names of the villages they left behind in Russia.
Less concentrated groupings of foreign place names are Norwegian names throughout Minnesota, Czech names in southeast Texas, and Dutch names in the Hudson Valley of New York. This last example is due to that area having been a Dutch colony before becoming an English colony.
But not all the immigrants concentrated so heavily. German-Americans, for example, are one of the largest immigrant groups and places named for German cities are widespread across the United States. However, there is still a general concentration of them in the Midwestern United States, especially in Missouri.
Other sources of foreign names transferred to the US are the Bible and ancient history. Biblically-sourced names are widespread and are sometimes the result of naming a settlement after its church. Names from ancient history can also be found in a number of places, although a concentration of them can be found in upstate New York. Names from these two sources can be found in the Ancient World section below the list of countries.
Places where battles happened are also a source for foreign names. The Mexican–American War is the most common source, but other wars, such as the Napoleonic Wars and World War I, are also represented.
There is a small number of names whose origin does not fall into the above categories. For example, some were given the names by railroads or taken from books the people naming the town had been reading. One very unusual source is Madras, Oregon, which was named after a bolt of Madras cloth seen in the general store.
Note that not all towns whose names are the same as a foreign city are named for that city. For example, there is only one US place named for the Boston in England. That is Boston, Massachusetts; all the rest were named for it or after someone named Boston. Also note that places named after people are not on this list, even if that person's name can be traced back to a city. For this reason, cities such as New York, Baltimore, New Orleans, and Albuquerque are not on the list. Places named for people can be found at List of places named after people in the United States.
Some places have an indeterminate etymology, where it is known that they are named for a city in a particular country, but there is more than one place with that name and the etymology does not distinguish which one. These entries have "needs disambiguation" in their notes section.
Afghanistan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Kabul | Cabool, Missouri | [2] |
Albania
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Vlorë | Valona, Georgia | [3] |
Algeria
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Algiers | Algiers, Louisiana | [4] |
Oran | Oran, Missouri | [2] |
Argentina
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
La Plata | La Plata, Missouri | [2] |
Australia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Ballarat, Victoria | Ballarat, California | [5] |
Brisbane, Queensland | Brisbane, California | |
Melbourne, Victoria | Melbourne, Florida | [6] |
Rockhampton, Queensland | Rockham, South Dakota | [7] |
Austria
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Deutsch-Wagram | Wagram, North Carolina | named for the Battle of Wagram[8] |
Freistadt | Freistatt, Missouri | [2] |
Vienna | Vienna, New York | [9] |
Wels | New Wells, Missouri |
Azerbaijan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Baku | Baku, California | [9] |
Belgium
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Antwerp | Antwerp, New York | [9] |
Bastogne | Bastogne Gables, North Carolina[10] | [11] |
Brussels | Brussels, Wisconsin | [1] |
Charleroi | Charleroi, Pennsylvania | [1] |
Ghent | Ghent, Minnesota | [1] |
Liège | Liege, Missouri[12] | [1] Liege, Missouri was annexed by Bellflower, Missouri in 1960[13] |
Namur | Namur, Wisconsin | [1] |
Rosières | Rosiere, Wisconsin | [1] |
Walhain | Walhain, Wisconsin | [1] |
Waterloo | Waterloo, New York | [1] named for the Battle of Waterloo |
Watervliet | Watervliet, New York | [1] |
Bolivia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
La Paz | La Paz, Indiana | [14] |
Potosí | Potosi, Missouri | [2] |
Bulgaria
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Pleven | Plevna, Montana | [15] |
Shumen (formerly: Shumla) | Shumla, Texas[16] | [17] |
Sofia | Sofia, New Mexico | |
Varna | Varna, Illinois | [9] |
Burma (Myanmar)
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Inwa | Ava, New York | [18] |
Mandalay | Mandalay, Louisiana[19] | [8] |
Canada
Chile
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Valparaíso | Valparaiso, Indiana | [14] |
China
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Beijing | Pekin, Illinois | [48] |
Guangzhou | Canton, New York | [9] |
Jilin City | Kiron, Iowa | Jilin was formerly romanized as Kirin[49] |
Nanjing | Nankin Township, Michigan | |
Wusong | Woosung, Illinois | [9] |
Colombia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Bogotá | Bogata, Texas | [50] |
Cuba
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Havana | Havana, Illinois | [9] |
Miramar, Havana | Miramar, Florida | [6] |
Yara | Yara, Minnesota | [7] |
Czech Republic (Czechia)
Denmark
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Copenhagen | Copenhagen, New York | [9] |
Helsingør | Elsinore, Utah | [59] |
Nysted | Nysted, Nebraska | [34] |
Odense | Odense, Kansas | |
Ringsted | Ringsted, Iowa | [7] |
Viborg | Viborg, South Dakota | [60] |
Ecuador
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Quito | Quito, Tennessee[61] | [8] |
Egypt
For more cities in Egypt, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Cairo | Cairo, Illinois | [62] |
Karnak | Karnak, Illinois | [62] |
Luxor | Luxor, Pennsylvania | [63] |
Finland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Liminka | Liminga, Michigan[64] | [65] |
Oulu | Oulu, Wisconsin | [66] |
Pori | Pori, Michigan[67] | [65] |
Salo | Salo Township, Minnesota | [20] |
Toijala | Toivola Township, Minnesota | [20] |
Vaasa | Wasas, Michigan[68] | [65] |
France
Georgia (country)
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tbilisi | Tiflis, Washington | [35] |
Germany
Greece
For more cities in Greece, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Athens | Athens, Georgia | [9] |
Larissa | Larissa, Texas | [50] |
Nafpaktos (Venetian: Lepanto) | Lepanto, Arkansas | named for the Battle of Lepanto[8] |
Thessaloniki | Salona, Pennsylvania | [55]:318 |
Volos | Volo, Illinois | [48] |
Honduras
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Copán | Copan, Oklahoma | Maya city, now an archaeological site[80] |
Hungary
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Buda | Buda, Illinois | [9] named before the merger with Pest |
Budapest | Budapest, Georgia | [84] |
Szombathely (Latin: Savaria or Sabaria) | Siberia, Indiana | originally meant to be Sabaria, the post office changed the name, apparently thinking it was an error[14] |
Tokaj | Tokaj, Georgia | [84] |
Iceland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Akranes | Akra Township, North Dakota | [22] |
Þingvellir | Thingvalla Township, North Dakota |
India
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Almora, Uttarakhand | Almora, Illinois | [48] |
Chennai (Madras), Tamil Nadu | Madras, Oregon | [54] named for a bolt of Madras cloth |
Delhi, National Capital Territory | Delhi, New York | [9] |
Golkonda, Telangana | Golconda, Illinois | [9] |
Kolkata, West Bengal | Calcutta, Ohio | [9] |
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh | Lucknow, Pennsylvania | |
Mumbai (Bombay), Maharashtra | Bombay, New York | [9] |
Shimla, Himachal Pradesh | Simla, Colorado | [39] |
Vadodara, Gujarat | Baroda, Michigan | [26] |
Iran
For cities in Iran, see the Ancient world section below.
Iraq
For more cities in Iraq, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Baghdad | Bagdad, Arizona | [9] |
Ireland
Israel
For cities in Israel, see the Ancient world section below.
Italy
For more cities in Italy, see the Ancient world section below.
Japan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tokyo | Jeddo, Pennsylvania | Jeddo is an anglicization of Edo, the former name of Tokyo[8] |
Jordan
For cities in Jordan, see the Ancient world section below.
Latvia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Riga | Riga, Michigan | [9] |
Lebanon
For more cities in Lebanon, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Baalbek | Balbec, Indiana | [14] |
Libya
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Tripoli | New Tripoli, Pennsylvania | [55]:315 |
Lithuania
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Vilnius (Polish: Wilno) | Wilno, Minnesota |
Mali
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Timbuktu | Timbuctoo, California | [5] |
Mexico
Morocco
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Essaouira | Mogadore, Ohio | [46] |
Casablanca | Casablanca, North Carolina[97] | [11] |
Tangier | Tangier, Virginia | [86]:24 |
Netherlands
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Almelo | New Almelo, Kansas[98] | [8] |
Amsterdam | Amsterdam, Montana | [1] |
Arnhem | Arnheim, Michigan | [8] |
Borculo | Borculo, Michigan | [1] |
Breukelen | Brooklyn, New York | [9] |
Breda | Breda, Iowa | [7] |
Brielle | Brielle, New Jersey | [78] |
Delft | Delft, Minnesota | [20] |
's-Gravenzande | Gravesend, New York | [1] see also Gravesend, Kent, England |
Groningen | Groningen, Minnesota | [20] |
Haarlem | Harlem, New York | [1] |
The Hague | Hague, North Dakota | [1] |
Harlingen | Harlingen, Texas | [1] |
Leiden | Leyden, Massachusetts | [9] |
Middelburg | Middleborough, Massachusetts | [1] |
Nijmegen | Nijmegen, North Carolina[99] | [11] |
Noordeloos | Noordeloos, Michigan[100] | [1] |
Oostburg | Oostburg, Wisconsin | [7] |
Rotterdam | Rotterdam, New York | [9] |
Utrecht | New Utrecht, New York | [1] |
Venlo, Limburg | Venlo, North Dakota[101] | [22] |
Vlissingen | Flushing, New York | [9] |
Zwolle | Zwolle, Louisiana | [1] |
Zutphen | Zutphen, Michigan[102] | [1] |
Norway
Pakistan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Lahore | Lahore, Virginia |
Palestinian territories
For cities in the Palestinian territories, see the Ancient world section below.
Panama
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Colón | Colon, Michigan | [7] |
Panama City | Panama City, Florida | [6] |
Portobelo, Colón | Portobello, Maryland[109] | [38] |
Peru
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Callao | Callao, Utah | [59] |
Cerro de Pasco | Pasco, Washington | [35] |
Cusco | Cuzco, Indiana | [14] |
Lima | Lima, Ohio | [46] |
Philippines
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Manila | Manila, Arkansas |
Poland
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Częstochowa | Cestohowa, Texas | |
Elbląg (German: Elbing) | Elbing, Kansas | [31] |
Gdańsk (German: Danzig) | Danzig, North Dakota | |
Gniezno | Gnesen Township, Minnesota | [20] |
Kłodzko (German: Glatz) | New Glatz, Maryland[110] | [38] |
Kraków | Krakow, Wisconsin | [23] |
Lublin | Lublin, Wisconsin | |
Miasteczko Krajeńskie (German: Friedheim) | Friedheim, Missouri | [2] |
Opole | Opole, Minnesota | [111] |
Poznań (German: Posen) | Posen, Illinois | |
Radom | Radom, Illinois | [9] |
Szczecin (German: Stettin) | Stettin, Wisconsin | [66] |
Tarnów | Tarnov, Nebraska | [34] |
Toruń | Torun, Wisconsin | |
Warsaw | Warsaw, Indiana | [14] |
Wrocław (German: Breslau) | Breslau, Texas |
Portugal
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Lisbon | Lisbon, Maine | [9] |
Russia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Arkhangelsk | Sitka, Alaska | [9] original name of Sitka was New Arkhangelsk |
Borodino | Borodino, New York | [9] named for the Battle of Borodino |
Moscow Kremlin | Kremlin, Oklahoma | [80] |
Liebental (Lubonironvka) | Liebenthal, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Marks (Katharinenstadt) | Catharine, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Moscow | Moscow, Texas | [9] |
Obermunjor (Kriwowskoje) | Munjor, Kansas | Volga German settlement |
Pfeifer (Gnilushka) | Pfeifer, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Saint Petersburg | St. Petersburg, Florida | [6] |
Schoenchen (Paninskaja) | Schoenchen, Kansas | Volga German settlement[31] |
Sovetsk, Kaliningrad Oblast | Tilsit, Missouri | [2] |
Saudi Arabia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Mecca | Mecca, California | |
Medina | Medina, Ohio | [46] |
Serbia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Belgrade | Belgrade, Montana | [15] |
Singapore
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Singapore | Singapore, Michigan | [112] |
Slovakia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Nitra | Nitra, Georgia | [84] |
Slovenia
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Idrija | New Idria, California | [5] |
Travnik, Loški Potok | Traunik, Michigan | [26] |
South Africa
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Johannesburg | Johannesburg, California | [9] |
Kimberley, Northern Cape | Kimberly, Missouri | [2] |
Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal | Ladysmith, Virginia | |
Pretoria | Pretoria, Georgia[113] | [3] |
Randburg | Randsburg, California | [9] |
Spain
Sudan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Dongola | Dongola, Illinois | [62] |
Khartoum | Khartoum, California[115] | [8] |
Wadi Halfa | Halfa, Iowa | [7] |
Sweden
Switzerland
Syria
For cities in Syria, see the Ancient world section below.
Tunisia
For cities in Tunisia, see the Ancient world section below.
Turkey
For more cities in Turkey, see the Ancient world section below.
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Ankara | Angora, Minnesota | [20] |
Ukraine
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Balta, Ukraine | Balta, North Dakota | [22] |
Kiev | Kief, North Dakota | [22] |
Odessa | Odessa, Texas | [9] |
Selz (now Lymanske) | Selz, North Dakota (Emmons County) | [22] |
Sevastopol | Sebastopol, California | |
Straßburg (now Kuchurhan, Rozdilna Raion) | Strasburg, North Dakota[117] | Straßburg was named after the city in Alsace[22] |
United Kingdom
British Overseas Territories
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Longwood, Saint Helena | Longwood, Missouri | [2] place where Napoleon lived during his second exile |
Crown Dependencies
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Saint Clement, Jersey | Clements, Maryland | [38] |
England
Northern Ireland
Scotland
Wales
Uruguay
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Montevideo | Montevideo, Minnesota | [20] |
Uzbekistan
City or town | Namesake | Notes |
---|---|---|
Samarkand | Samarcand, North Carolina[125] | [8] |
Ancient world
Cities that have namesakes because they are biblical or prominent in ancient history are in this section.
See also
- List of places named after people in the United States
- List of places named after places in the United States
- Lists of places by language of origin
- List of place names of Czech origin in the United States
- List of place names of Dutch origin in the United States
- Locations in the United States with an English name
- List of place names of French origin in the United States
- List of Irish place names in other countries
- List of place names of Scottish origin in the United States
- List of place names of Spanish origin in the United States
- List of Swedish place names in the United States
- List of place names of Welsh origin in the United States
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 van der Sijs, Nicoline (2009). Cookies, Coleslaw, and Stoops: The Influence of Dutch on the North American Languages. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 9789089641243.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Ramsay, Robert L. (1952). Our Storehouse of Missouri Place Names. University of Missouri Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Krakow, Kenneth K. (November 1999). Georgia Place-Names (Third ed.). Macon, Georgia: Winship Press. ISBN 0-915430 -00-2.
- 1 2 3 4 D'Artois Leeper, Clare (2012). Louisiana Place Names: Popular, Unusual, and Forgotten Stories of Towns, Cities, Plantations, Bayous, and Even Some Cemeteries. LSU Press. ISBN 9780807147382.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Gudde, Erwin Gustav (2010). California Place Names: The Origin and Etymology of Current Geographical Names. University of California Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Morris, Allan (1995). Florida Place Names: Alachua to Zolfo Springs. Sarasota, Florida: Pineapple Press, Inc. ISBN 1-56164-084-0.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Chicago and North Western Railway Company (1908). A History of the Origin of the Place Names Connected with the Chicago & North Western and Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis & Omaha Railways (2nd ed.).
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Stewart, George R. (1970). American place-names; a concise and selective dictionary for the continental United States of America. New York: Oxford University Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 230 231 232 233 234 235 236 237 238 239 240 241 242 243 244 245 246 247 248 249 250 251 252 253 254 255 256 257 258 259 260 261 262 263 Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States (PDF) (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: United States Geologic Survey.
- ↑ "Bastogne Gables, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Privatized military housing on Fort Bragg, NC is composed of neighbourhoods mostly named after the locations of WWII battles.
- ↑ "Liege, Missouri". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Moser, Arthur Paul. "A Directory of Towns, Villages, and Hamlets Past and Present of Montgomery County, Missouri". Montgonery County Directory. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Baker, Ronald L. (October 1995). From Needmore to Prosperity: Hoosier Place Names in Folklore and History. Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-32866-3.
- 1 2 3 "Montana Place Names Companion". Montana Place Names From Alzada to Zortman. Montana Historical Society Research Center. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- ↑ "Shumla, Texas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Cauble Smith, Julia. "Shumla, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Vasiliev, Ren (2004). From Abbotts to Zurich: New York State Placenames. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 9780815607984.
- ↑ "Mandalay, La". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 Upham, W. (1920). Minnesota Geographic Names: Their Origin and Historic Significance, v. 17. Minnesota Historical Society.
- ↑ "Alma, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 Williams, Mary Ann Barnes (1966). Origins of North Dakota Place Names. Bismarck, ND: Bismarck Tribune.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Gard, Ropbert E. (2015). The Romance of Wisconsin Place Names. Wisconsin Historical Society. ISBN 9780870207082.
- ↑ "Aylmer, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Ayr, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Romig, Walter (1973). Michigan Place Names: The History of the Founding and the Naming of More Than Five Thousand Past and Present Michigan Communities. Wayne State University Press. ISBN 9780814318386.
- ↑ "Brampton, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Brantford, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Wick, Douglas A. (1989). North Dakota Place Names. Prairie House. p. 39. ISBN 9780911007114.
- ↑ "Devisez, Kansas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 McCoy, Sondra Van Meter; Hults, Jan (1989). 1001 Kansas Place Names. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-0392-1.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Boone, Lalia Phipps (1988). Idaho place names : a geographical dictionary. Moscow, Idaho: University of Idaho Press. ISBN 0893011193.
- ↑ "St. Francois County Place Names, 1928–1945". The State Historical Society of Missouri. Archived from the original on 24 June 2016. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Fitzpatrick, Lilian L. (1925). Nebraska Place-Names. University of Nebraska Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hitchman, Robert (1985). Place Names of Washington. Washington Historical Society. ISBN 0-917048-57-1.
- ↑ "Kinloss, Ontario". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ↑ Wick, Douglas A. (1989). North Dakota Place Nmaes. Prairie House. p. 103. ISBN 9780911007114.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 Kenny, Hamill (1984). The Placenames of Maryland : their origin and meaning. Baltimore, Md.: Maryland Historical Society. ISBN 0-938420-28-3.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Bright, William (2004). Colorado Place Names. Big Earth Publishing. ISBN 9781555663339.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Julyan, Robert Hixson (1996). The Place Names of New Mexico (revised ed.). UNM Press. ISBN 9780826316899.
- ↑ "Sarnia, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Sidney, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Simcoe, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Strabane, Ontario". Geographical Names Data Base. Natural Resources Canada.
- ↑ "Strabane, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 Overman, William Daniel (1959). Ohio Town Names. Akron, Ohio: Atlantic Press.
- ↑ "Uxbridge, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Callary, Edward (October 2009). Place Names of Illinois. Champaign, Illinois: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 978-0-252-03356-8.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Savage, Tom (2007). A Dictionary of Iowa Place-Names (revised ed.). University of Iowa Press. ISBN 9781587297595.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Tarpley, Fred (2010). 1001 Texas Place Names. University of Texas Press. ISBN 9780292786936.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Rechcigl, Miloslav Jr. (2013). Czech American Timeline: Chronology of Milestones in the History of Czechs in America. Author House. ISBN 9781481757065.
- ↑ Jackson, Charles Christopher. "Frenstat, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas state Historical Association. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
- ↑ Janecka, Ed. "Hostyn, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Associtation. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 McArthur, Lewis A.; McArthur, Lewis L. (1992). Oregon Geographic Names (6th ed.). Oregon Historical Society Press. ISBN 0-87595-237-2.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Espenshade, A. Howry (1925). Pennsylvania place names. State College, PA: The Pennsylvania State College.
- ↑ Carroll, Jeff. "Roznov, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
- ↑ "Vodnany, South Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Vsetin, Texas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Van Cott, John W. (1990). Utah Place Names: A Comprehensive Guide to the Origins of Geographic Names : a Compilation. University of Utah Press. ISBN 9780874803457.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Federal Writers' Project (1940). South Dakota place-names, v.1-3. University of South Dakota.
- ↑ "Quito, Tennessee". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 Musgrave, Jon. "Welcome to New Egypt!". Illinois History. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
- ↑ Washlaski, Raymond A. "Jamison Coal & Coke Company". Virtual Museum of Coal Mining in Western Pennsylvania. The 20th Century Society of Western Pennsylvania. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
- ↑ "Liminga, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 Michigan. History Division; Michigan Historical Commission (1967). Michigan History, v 51. Michigan Department of State.
- 1 2 Wyman, Mark (1998). The Wisconsin Frontier. Indiana University Press. p. 187. ISBN 9780253027924.
- ↑ "Pori, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Wasas, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Eaton, David Wolfe (1916). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. State Historical Society.
- ↑ "Bordeaux, South Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Cherbourg, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Exermont, Illinois". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 Heck, L. W. (1966). Delaware Place Names. U.S. Government Printing Office.
- ↑ "Lourdes, Iowa". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Saint Mere Eglise". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Waymarking.com. "Valmy". Waymarking.com. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Kenny, Hamill Thomas (1945). West Virginia place names, their origin and meaning, including the nomenclature of the streams and mountains. Piedmont, WV: The Place Name Press.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Hutchinson, Viola L. (May 1945). The Origin of New Jersey Place Names (PDF). Trenton, New Jersey: New Jersey Public Library Commission.
- ↑ "Dolberg, Oklahoma". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 Shirk, George H, (1987). Oklahoma Place Names. University of Oklahoma Press. ISBN 0-8061-2028-2.
- ↑ "Dorloo, New York". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Emrick, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Chadbourne, Ava Harriet (1955). Maine place names and the peopling of its towns. Portland, Maine: B. Wheelwright. ISBN 0870271121.
- 1 2 3 "Budapest, Georgia". Haralson County Historical Society. Haralson County Historical Society. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ↑ "Cork, Georgia". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Hanson, Raus McDill (1969). Virginia Place Names : Derivations, Historical Uses. Verona, Virginia: McClure Press.
- ↑ "Anzio Acres, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Carlson, Helen S. (1974). Nevada Place Names: A Geographical Dictionary. University of Nevada Press. ISBN 9780874170948.
- ↑ "Cremona, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Pavia, Pennsylvania". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Minor, David. "Alvarado, TX". Handbook of Texas Online. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Rennick, Robert M. (2013). Kentucky Place Names. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813144016.
- 1 2 Foscue, Virginia O. (1989). Place Names in Alabama. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 9780817304102.
- ↑ Barnes, Will Croft (2016). Arizona Place Names. University of Arizona Press. ISBN 9780816534951.
- ↑ "Tasco, Kansas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- 1 2 3 4 Miller, Larry (2001). Tennessee Place-names. Indinan University Press. ISBN 9780253214782.
- ↑ "Casablanca". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "New Almelo, Kansas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Nijmegen, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Noordeloos, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Venlo, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Zutphen, Michigan". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Hamar, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Kongsberg, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Wick, Douglas A. (1989). North Dakota Place Names. Prairie House. p. 105. ISBN 9780911007114.
- ↑ Wick, Douglas A. "Norum (Divide County)". North Dakota Place Names. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
- ↑ Meany, Edmund S. (1923). Origin of Washington geographic nanes. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
- ↑ "Truysil, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Portobello, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "New Glatz, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Radzilowski, John (2005). Poles in Minnesota (illustrated ed.). Minnesota Historical Society. p. 9. ISBN 9780873515160.
- ↑ Colter. "A Dune that Swallowed the Town". The Earth Story. Retrieved 3 March 2017.
- ↑ "Pretoria, Georgia". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Segovia, Texas". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Khartoum (historical)". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Hallam, NE - Historical Background". lancaster.ne.gov. Retrieved 2018-03-25.
- ↑ "Strasburg, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Battle, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Beenham, New Mexico". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Clifton, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Tunbridge, North Dakota". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Glenarm, Kentucky". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Alloway, Maryland". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Where We Live: Tantallon, tony but affordable living in Prince George's County". Washington Post Real Estate. Washington Post. 30 May 2014. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
- ↑ "Samarcand, North Carolina". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ Howe, Okie. "Gaza, NH" (PDF). Veterans' Voices. New Hampshire Veterans Home. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
- ↑ "Philippi, Tennessee". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
- ↑ "Tenbroeck in DeKalb County was named for runaway horse". Gadsden Times. Jun 17, 1984. pp. B1. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
- ↑ "Syene, Wisconsin". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.