Hadleigh, Suffolk

Hadleigh
Signpost in Hadleigh
Hadleigh Hadleigh shown within Suffolk
Population	8,253 (2011)[1]
OS grid reference	TM0342
Civil parish	Hadleigh
District	Babergh
Shire county	Suffolk
Region	East
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	IPSWICH
Postcode district	IP7
Dialling code	01473
Police	Suffolk
Fire	Suffolk
Ambulance	East of England
EU Parliament	East of England
UK Parliament	South Suffolk
Website	visithadleighsuffolk.co.uk

Hadleigh (/ˈhædli/) is an ancient market town and civil parish in South Suffolk, East Anglia, situated, next to the River Brett, between the larger towns of Sudbury and Ipswich. It had a population of 8,253 at the 2011 census.^[1] The headquarters of Babergh District Council were located in the town until 2017.^[2][3]

Origin of the name

Skeat, in his 1913 The Place-Names of Suffolk, says this:

Spelt Hadlega, R.B.; Hadleigh, Ipm.; Hædleage, in a late chapter, Thorpe, Diplomat, 527; Headlega, Annals of St Neot, quoted in Plummer's ed. of the A.S.Chronicle, ii. 102; Hetlega, D.B., p.184. In D.B. the t stands for th; and the true A.S. form appears in a Worcs. charter, dated 849, as hæðleage(gen.) with reference to Headley Heath (a tautological name) in Birch, C.S. ii. 40; see Duignan, Placenames of Worcs. The sense is 'heath-lea.' In a similar way the A.S. ð has become t in Hatfield (Herts.) which means 'heath-field'.^[4]

History

Guthrum, King of the Danes, is said to be buried in the grounds of St Mary's Church in the town.^[5] He was defeated by King Alfred at the battle of Edington in 878.

Hadleigh received its market charter in 1252. In 1438 administration was passed from manorial control to trustees. The market was eventually sold to Babergh District Council in the late 20th century.^[6]

Pargeting at 81, High Street

Hadleigh was one of the East Anglian towns that derived its prosperity from its wool and cloth industries. It has a 15th-century timber-framed Guildhall and many fine examples of timber and brick listed buildings, some with highly detailed 17th century plasterwork or "pargeting". Most of these buildings can be found in the High Street, Angel Street, Benton Street and the immediately surrounding area.

The town has a total of 246 listed buildings.^[7] The Georgian East House, on George Street, has been designated a Grade II listed building since 26 April 1950.^[8] In March 2013 plans by Babergh District Council to redevelop the site and build houses on the land behind were withdrawn after strong local protest. The property was once used for a range of community events and activities. Opponents of the plan had argued that the adjacent land had been used as a village green for the last 20 years.^[9]

Originating in the 14th century, the Grade II* listed Toppesfield Bridge, over the River Brett, is the oldest in the county still carrying vehicles.^[10] It was widened in 1812.^[11]

Religion

The Anglican church of St Mary the Virgin

The Anglican church of St Mary the Virgin is an active parish church in the archdeaconry of Ipswich in the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich. Its earliest parts date from medieval times. On 26 April 1950 the church was designated a Grade I listed building by English Heritage. The Grade I designation is the highest of the three grades and is for buildings that are "of exceptional interest, sometimes considered to be internationally important."^[12]

According to the Annals of St Neots, a chronicle compiled in Bury St Edmunds, king Guthrum (later called Æthelstan, died c.890) was buried at Headleage, which is usually identified as Hadleigh.^[13] He may have built the original Saxon church at this site, traces of which were revealed in the churchyard to the south of the porch, in 1829 and in 1984. There is no real evidence, however, that Guthrum was the founder of the church.^[14] In the Doomsday Book there is mention of a church at "Hetlega" being owned by Archbishop Lanfranc of Canterbury.

The deanery, with a tall Tudor gatehouse in brick built just before the Reformation, next to the church, is also a Grade I listed building.^[15]

Hadleigh United Reformed Church

Like its near neighbour, East Bergholt, Hadleigh was known during the 16th century for its Protestant radicalism. Rowland Taylor, a preacher from the town, and his curate, Richard Yeoman, were martyred during the reign of Queen Mary I. The Oxford Movement was said to have been founded in 1833 following a meeting in the deanery.^[16]

In April 2011 the historic clock bell in the Anglican church was silenced by a pair of nesting jackdaws.^[17]

Hadleigh United Reformed Church, situated off Market Place, was originally the town's Congregational Church, first founded in 1688. It was rebuilt between 1825 and 1832), with seating for 1,000 and was restored in 1890–91.^[18][19] The current minister is Rev Bryn Rickards.^[20] The Baptist chapel Baptist Chapel, probably founded in 1814, was built in 1830 and had a gallery added in 1884. It was enlarged in 1875.^[18][21] The Salvation Army was established in 1889 a hall in Duke Street in 1920.^[18] St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church was built in 1966. The congregation was first established, in 1937, in a former corset factory which was destroyed by fire in 1964.^[18] The town also previously had a Primitive Methodist Chapel which was built in 1848 and enlarged in 1875. There was also an Episcopal Mission Chapel built on Hadleigh Heath in 1878 and restored in 1891; it was disused by 1912.^[18]

Economy

A typical example of timber framing, Benton Street

The former Kings Arms on Benton Street is a typical example of timber framing. The building, a pub for over 400 years, has sections that date to the 15th century. It was known unofficially as the "Old Monkey" and is still referred to by that name today. It is now a private residence and bed and breakfast.^[22][23]

Suffolk is home to several manufacturers, including Jim Lawrence Handcrafted Home Furnishings,^[24] and the Hadleigh Maid chocolate company.^[25] Since 2009 Hadleigh has been the home of the Hellhound microbrewery.^[26]

The Brett Works site, off Pound Lane, was for some years the home of Brett Valley Joinery and was later allocated by Babergh District Council as a potential site for a new foodstore. Supermarket giant Tesco has made a number of controversial proposals for the building of a store in the town. Their latest proposal, for development of the Pound Lane site, was rejected by the council in July 2011.^[27] The proposal was rejected again in September 2013.^[28]

The Lady Lane Industrial estate is the location of Celotex Saint Gobain, the manufacturer of the insulation component in the cladding used at Grenfell Tower.^[29]

Culture

The annual Hadleigh Show, first held in 1840 and also known as 'the May Show', is one of the oldest one-day agricultural shows in East Anglia. Organised by the Hadleigh Farmers' Agricultural Association, the show enjoyed 12,500 visitors in 2013.^[30]

Benton End House, a Grade II* listed building on Benton Street, was originally a large medieval farmhouse. From 1940 it was the home of Sir Cedric Morris, artist and plantsman, who formed the East Anglian School of Painting and Drawing there.^[31] Students included Lucian Freud and Maggi Hambling.^[32]

The Ansell Community Centre was set up in 2004 as a charity with the object of providing community facilities for the people of Hadleigh and surrounding area. It is a private company limited with six trustees. Membership of the ACC is open to anyone who is interested in the work of the charity. Currently there are over 30 members. The centre runs the digital cinema ("Hollywood in Hadleigh") and two lunch clubs. The ACC also organises community events such as "The Hidden Gardens of Hadleigh" and, together with churches in Hadleigh, some festivals throughout the year. The building is owned by the United Reformed Church.^[33]

Sport and leisure

River Brett at Hadleigh

Hadleigh has a Non-League football club Hadleigh United F.C. who play at Millfield.^[34] The town is also home to Hadleigh Rugby Club (HRFC).^[35] Both the football and rugby club boast thriving youth and senior sections.

The town's bowls and cricket clubs are among the oldest in Suffolk. The bowls club was founded in 1754.^[36] The cricket club is over 200 years old and pre-dates the Marylebone Cricket Club.^[37]

Other sporting clubs include the Hadleigh Tennis Club, Hadleigh Hares (running club), Hadleigh Cycling Club.

At Benton End Farm there is an equestrian centre and a paintball centre.^[38][39]

Notable people

• Patrick Newell, the British actor who played spymaster "Mother" in the television series The Avengers, was born in Hadleigh.^[40]
• The town is the home of English poet and author Pauline Stainer.^[41]
• British extreme metal band Cradle of Filth were formed in Hadleigh.^[42]
• The artist Maggi Hambling was raised in Hadleigh and has one of her paintings displayed in St Mary's Church.^[43]
• The Guardian's architecture critic, journalist Jonathan Glancey, lives in Hadleigh.^[44]
• Caryn Franklin, the fashion designer, also lives in Hadleigh.^[45]
• Oswald Gayford, world record holder for long distance flying, in 1927, 1933 and 1938, was from Hadleigh.^[46]
• Russell Swallow of folk duo Swallow and the Wolf was born in Hadleigh^[47]

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hadleigh, Suffolk.

Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Hadleigh.

• Visit Hadleigh website
• Hadleigh Town Council website
• Hadleigh Chamber of Commerce
• Babergh District Council
• "East Anglian Film Archive: "Hadleigh" search results – eafa.org.uk". Retrieved 1 May 2012.