List of ethnic enclaves in North American cities

This is a list of ethnic enclaves in various countries of different ethnic and cultural backgrounds to the native population. An ethnic enclave in this context denotes an area primarily populated by a population with similar ethnic or racial background. This list also includes concentrations rather than enclaves, and historic examples which may no longer be an ethnic enclave.[9]

Ethnic enclaves in North American cities
New York City is home to the largest overseas Chinese population of any city proper in the Western Hemisphere, with over half million. Multiple large Chinatowns in Manhattan, Brooklyn (above), and Queens are thriving as traditionally urban ethnic enclaves, as large-scale Chinese immigration continues into New York,[1][2][3][4] with the largest metropolitan Chinese population outside of Asia.[5]
Broad Avenue, Koreatown (팰리세이즈 파크 코리아타운) in Palisades Park, Bergen County, New Jersey, USA,[6] where Koreans comprise the majority (52%) of the population.[7]
India Square in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States, is one of at least 24 Indian American enclaves characterized as a Little India which have emerged within the New York City Metropolitan Area, with the largest metropolitan Indian population outside Asia, as large-scale immigration from India continues into New York.[1][2][3][8]

List by world region and national origin

African Americans

List of African-American neighborhoods - Thousands of African-American neighborhoods exist today. However, many of these communities are now less populated by African Americans than they were during the earlier, sometimes mid and late parts of the 20th century.

Africa

Angola

Benin

  • Chicago, Illinois.[12][13]
  • Washington, DC - part of the city's large Sub-Saharan African population.
  • Montreal, Quebec, Canada - Francophone African community.

Cameroon

Cape Verde

Congo (Brazzaville and DRC)

Cote d'Ivoire

Ethiopia

Nigeria

Somalia

  • Bloomington, Minnesota - large Somali community.
  • Cedar-Riverside, Minneapolis, Minnesota - many Somali, Ethiopian and Eritrean residents.
  • City Heights, San Diego - Somali and Sudanese.
  • Columbus, Ohio - largest Sub-Saharan community in USA.
  • Dallas, Texas – large sub-Saharan African population, esp. Somalis.
  • Dodge City, Kansas - some Somali and Middle eastern refugees in the area.
  • Highland Park, Mankato, Minnesota.
  • Lewiston, Maine - large Somali community.
  • Little Mogadishu, Minneapolis - largest Somali community in North America.[39]
  • Little Somalia, Edmonton, Alberta, as Canada has many Somali immigrants.
  • Little Somalia, Los Angeles, California.
  • Little Somalia, San Diego, California.
  • Little Somalia, Seattle, Washington.
  • Little Somalia, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    • Rexdale, Toronto, Ontario (Somali).
  • Utah -
    • Mostly in Salt Lake City and county, but extends in the valley from Ogden to Provo.

South Africans (black and esp. white)

Other or pan African

  • African quarter, southwest Los Angeles, California.
  • Africaville, Nova Scotia, Canada - Afro-Canadian community linked to the Caribbean (esp. Turks and Caicos islands). Original Africville demolished in the 1960s.
  • Athens, California - African-American, Afro-Caribbean, Sub-Saharan African and black Latino.
  • Atlanta, Georgia - African and Caribbean immigrants in largely Black American city.
  • Berkeley, California near Oakland has many Sub-Saharan Africans, White South Africans, North Africans (i.e. Libyans) and (Afro) Caribbeans.
  • Brooklyn, New York - Sub-Saharan and Afro-Caribbean communities.
  • Bronzeville, Los Angeles - historically African-American, also had Mexican-American, Japanese-American and Native American ("Indian alley") residents, now it has many African immigrants.
  • Cedar Falls, Iowa - Ethiopians, Somalis and Sudanese.
  • Cedar Rapids, Iowa - Ethiopians, Somalis and Sudanese.
  • Colorado - they tend to be employed in ski resorts.
  • Crescent Town, Toronto, Ontario. - It is a multicultural neighbourhood, whose population includes extensive numbers of African immigrant, Bengali, Indian, Jamaican, Pakistani and Tamil Canadians.
  • Dayton, Ohio.
  • East Denver, Denver - has African and Afghan immigrants in historically Mexican- and African-American section.
  • Fairfax District, Los Angeles - Moroccans, esp. Moroccan Jews.[40]
  • Fargo and North Dakota has a sharp increase of African, Middle Eastern, Indian, SE Asian, Eastern European and Latino migration since 2000, but Somalian are the largest immigrant nation group there.
  • Gardena, California - some Sub-Saharan Africans settled there.
  • Harlem, New York City - center of African American culture in the 1920s, the section has attracted Caribbean and African immigration in the mid and late 20th century.
  • Hawthorne, California near LAX airport.
  • High Point, Seattle, Washington - various African immigrants.
  • Houston, Texas.
  • Hunters Point, San Francisco, California (gentrifying).
  • Inglewood, California nearby Los Angeles which has a large Sub-Saharan and Afro-Caribbean presence.
  • Karmel Mall, Minneapolis - Somali ethnoburb near the shopping mall.
  • Le Petit Senegal, New York City.
  • Lincoln, Nebraska - many from Sudan (both North and South), also from Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia and SomaliLand.
  • Little Egypt, Astoria, Queens - many Egyptian and Moroccan immigrants.
  • Little Liberia, Staten Island, New York (Liberian) - Liberia founded by former West African slaves in the mid-19th century.
  • Little Maghreb, Montreal – large Maghrebi (Moroccan, Algerian and Tunisian) population.
  • Libyan communities developed in New York City, Chicago and San Diego.
  • Metro Detroit.
  • Miami, Florida - South Africans, esp. Jews, in city's Jewish community, joined by French Jews from Europe.
  • Minneapolis-Saint Paul, Minnesota metro area.
  • Mount Pleasant, Washington, D.C - many are Ethiopians.
  • Murfreesboro, Tennessee - many Somalis and Sub-Saharan Africans.
  • Nashville, Tennessee - various African and Middle Eastern immigrants.
  • New York City - including an Afro-Caribbean/Sub-Saharan African section ironically named Jamaica in Queens.
  • "O-town", Oakland, California - once largely US-born black community, now has many Sub-Saharan Africans and Afro-Caribbeans.
  • Oklahoma - Sub-Saharan refugees settled in the state's metro areas.
  • Omaha, Nebraska - large Sub-Saharan African community. Many Sudanese refugees reside in the Southside Terrace housing projects and many Somalis reside in the Downtown and Midtown areas.
  • Oregon has many Ethiopian and Somali immigrants, mostly in Portland.
  • Paterson, New Jersey - Sub-Saharan Africans settled in notably diverse suburb of Northern New Jersey.
  • Providence, Rhode Island (Some African-Americans and African immigrants in Federal Hill, Providence).
  • Sacramento, California - Cape Verdeans, Eritreans, Ethiopians, Libyans, Somalis and Sudanese.
  • San Antonio, Texas - various African immigrants.
  • Shaw, Washington, D.C. - like Foggy Bottom, Washington, D.C., a history of African-American culture, now has more African immigrant residents.
  • South Los Angeles - known for African-Americans since the 1920s, also African immigrants.
  • Springfield, Ohio - African immigrants in a town with many African-Americans.
  • Temescal, Oakland, California (Ethiopian, Eritrean and Somali).
  • Toronto, Ontario, Canada:
    • "Little Jamaica" - Sub-Saharan African and Afro-Caribbean.
  • Tulsa, Oklahoma.
  • Ville-Marie section, Montreal, Quebec - Sub-Saharan and North African.
  • Villeray, Montreal - many Algerians and Moroccans.
  • Westerville, Ohio - various African immigrants.
  • West Los Angeles.
  • West Oakland, California.

Asia (East, South and Southeast)

Bangladesh

Burma/Myanmar

Cambodia

Manhattan's Chinatown, home to the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere,[60][61][62][63][64] is the oldest of at least 9 Chinatowns in the New York City Metropolitan Area.

China

Chinatown, San Francisco
Toronto's downtown Chinatown

Canada-

Mexico-

Hmong

India

Iran

Japan

Original Japantown ceased to exist after WW2, now known as "Railtown".

Korea

Laos

Pakistan

Pakistani and other South Asian shops in Gerrard Street, Toronto

Philippines

Sri Lanka

Taiwan

Thailand

Vietnam

Little Saigon, Orange County, California

Australia

Europe

  • Boston - Largest European ethnic group is Irish. It has communities of Swedes, Germans, Poles, Lithuanians, Russians, Ukrainians, Greeks, Albanians, and especially Italians and Portuguese. Also it has many European and Israeli Jews.
  • Bristol, Rhode Island - esp. Irish, Italian and Portuguese.
  • Chicago - The city in the late 1800s-mid 1900s are covered in multiple ethnic neighborhoods by European immigrants and descendants.
  • East side Manhattan, New York - a history of immigration from several European nations.
  • Fort Lauderdale, Florida - many European Nationals who come to retire and for other reasons. Broward County, Florida is the most diverse metro area in the US with 191 nationalities speaking 200 languages.
  • Glendale, California - This suburb of Los Angeles has a history of Spanish, Italian, Greek, Armenian and Russian immigrants.
  • Hollywood, Florida - Large numbers of European, Israeli and (esp French) Canadian residents.
  • Indianola, Texas - many are of German and other European descent from immigration during the Texas republic era, 1836–45.
  • Julian, Nebraska - SE Nebraska has many Dutch, French and German settlers.
  • Larchmont, New York - "Little France" with many of Francophone (Quebecois/Canadian) and Franco-European background.
  • Los Angeles, California -Poles, Ukrainians and Russians, also Serbs, Croats and Albanians in Hollywood.
  • Montebello, California - Greeks, Italian, Portuguese, Serbian and Spanish.
  • Newark, New Jersey - Ethnic communities of Eastern Europeans (Slavs and Albanians), Germans, Greeks, Irish, Italians, Lithuanians, Poles, Portuguese and Spaniards. There is a history of Jews, Chinese, African-Americans and Latinos as well.
  • New York City - Historically, the largest destination for European and today, other immigration. It has the largest Jewish population of any city outside Tel Aviv, Israel. In the US, just as many immigrants tend to go to California, Texas, and Miami-Dade, FL.
  • Philadelphia - Recent Irish, Italian and Polish immigration, the city already has 150 years of these ethnic group communities.
  • Alsatians from the historically German and currently French region of Alsace settled in Southwestern Ontario, Canada, notably Waterloo County. Alsatians formed a community in Castroville, Texas in the USA.
  • Utah - one of the most white states, often are Mormons in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints headquartered in Salt Lake City.
  • Walnut, California - many are of Spanish, Portuguese and southern European descent.
  • Wasco, California - Large Basque population along with the Central Valley portion of Kern County, California. The Basques originate from Basque Country of northern Spain and the southwest part of France.
  • Yonkers, New York - Irish, Italian, Polish (and Slavic) and Portuguese (and Spanish); along with Germanic and Arabic nationalities.

Albania

Belgium

Bulgaria

12 Largest Bulgarian-American communities.

  • Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Boston.
  • Chicago.
  • Cleveland.
  • Detroit.
  • Los Angeles - since the 1960s, the largest in USA.
  • Montgomery, Alabama.
  • New Jersey (many Jews, Romanians, Hungarians and Ukrainians mixed in).
  • New York City - older established community.
  • Philadelphia.
  • Pittsburgh.
  • San Francisco.

Croatia

Czech Republic

Denmark

Eastern European Jewish

Finland

France or Franco-American

Mexico -

  • Guerrero Negro, Baja California Sur, Mexico - French along with Anglo-Americans.
  • La Merced in Mexico City, many French families migrated to Mexico City and became peddlers but soon opened many shops and the first department stores in Mexico. In La Merced they formed French communities depending on their region of origin, such as the Bretons, Alpines (Barcelonettes), the Pyrenees, French Basques, Alsatians, and Burgundy.
  • Mexico City Barrio de San Juan was were most workers with some money lived in Mexico City, especially those working in El Buen Tono Cigar Company and has a distinct French flair. Those who left La Merced or the immigrant hotels bought their first homes in Barrio de San Juan forming a small French Quarter here.
  • Mexico City in Colonia San Rafael, many French families who had gained much wealth built their first homes here, especially Barcelonettes from the Alpine region of France in the mid 20th Century. Later on, with more wealth and as the city grew, the French families moved to southern neighbourhoods and suburbs away from the cramped streets. La Condesa neighbourhood has a very distinct French stamp as well as the Juarez Neighbourhood with Parisian style buildings.
  • Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco, Mexico - the state itself has many French and British descendants.
  • San Rafael, Veracruz, Veracruz one of the largest French agricultural colonies with most of the settlers coming from Burgundy region. Today, the town has a very French flair as the cuisine, architecture and most families are of French background. The town of Jicaltepec was the first French colony and as it grew they formed San Rafael and other towns along the Rio Bobos (Bobos River) forming a unique French identity that prospered because of the vanilla production and links to French ports in Le Havre connecting France and Mexico.
  • Santa Rosalia, Baja California Sur, Mexico - product of French immigration during Napoleon III's rule of Mexico (1860s).

Germany

A German-style home, now a restaurant, in the San Angel neighborhood, Mexico City

Mexico -

  • Cuahutemoc, Chihuahua thousands of Mennonite families make this one of the largest Mennonite settlements in the world.
  • Monterrey, Nuevo Leon - German cultural presence in Northern Mexican states.
  • Puebla Mexico, large German community since the 19th Century which keeps growing due to German companies in the city.
  • San Angel de Allende, Jalisco, Mexico (German Mexicans).
  • Soconusco, Chiapas in southern Mexico, home to Nueva Alemania where hundreds of German families settled and grew coffee.
  • Villa Alemania, San Angel, Mexico City (houses have German-Bavarian architectural styles).

Greece

Iceland

Ireland

Italy

Canada -

Mexico -

  • La Merced thousands of Italians settled in La Merced neighbourhood during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Many were from Northern Italy (Veneto, Lombardians, Piedmontese, Trentinos, Ligurians and Tuscans) while others were from Calabria, Sicily, Abruzzo, and Basilicata or the "undesired" Italians but who later gained fortune and moved to wealthier parts of the city.
  • La Aldana agricultural colony in Azcapotzalco, Mexico City settled hundreds of Lombardian and Trentino families from northern Italy. The colony was absorbed by Mexico City but still retains many of the original Italian families.
  • Chipilo, Puebla, Mexico. Outside of the city of Puebla and near Cholula, this town retains a distinc Venetian identity and their language from the Veneto region.
  • Gutierrez Zamora, Veracruz the first agricultural colony made of Italians knows as the "Model Colony" consisted of Ligurian, Sardinian and Piedmontese immigrants who first settled around Papantla, but moved closer to the coast and formed Gutierrez Zamora gaining fortunes with the vanilla plantations.
  • Guadalajara, Jalisco.
  • Lombardía (Michoacán), Michoacán.
  • Nueva Italia, Michoacán.
  • Zentla, Veracruz.
  • Huatusco, Veracruz a colony formed mainly of Trentino, Venetian and Lombardian families in La Colonia Manuel Gonzalez who have spread out around the mountainous region between Cordoba, Orizaba and the port of Veracruz. To this day it is the largest Italian region within Mexico.
  • Colonia Diez Gutierrez in San Luis Potosi near Ciudad del Maiz is a colony known as "La Colonia Italiana" and it is formed by Trentino families from what became both Austria and Italy or the Südtirol creating the only Austro-Italian colony in the world.
  • Monterrey, Nuevo Leon when the industry grew in northern Mexico, many families from all over Italy migrated here and prospered.
  • Tijuana in Baja California many southern Italians made their home in Tijuana especially during the American Prohibition Era running bars, casinos and links with the Mafia. Many Italians fled the United States and Canada during the persecutions of the crime families to Tijuana and during WWII and made Tijuana their home as well. The Caesar Salad was created here by an Italian immigrant gaining much fame.
  • Ensenada in Baja California thousands of Italian families migrated here for the Gold Rush and stayed for the wine country in the Guadalupe Valley. Most families are of northern and central Italian background and one of the largest communities of the last hundred plus years. Many of the largest Winemakers are of Italian background today.

USA -

Lithuania

Louisiana Creoles

The states' coastal sections of Louisiana and Mississippi, southernmost Alabama, westernmost Florida and southeast Texas. The region in southern Louisiana is known as Acadiana. Other nicknames for this French-descent group originally from New Brunswick, Canada are Cajuns a misnomer of "Acadian".

Luxembourg

Malta

Netherlands

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Scandinavia

7% of the population in Saskatoon in Canada is of Norwegian ancestry.

Serbia

Slovenia

Spain

Sweden

Switzerland

Mainly German-speaking Swiss.

Ukraine

United Kingdom

(England) Also persons of mainly English American ancestry, and consists of many affluent communities. See White Anglo-Saxon Protestants (WASPs).

- Outside USA/Canada -

  • Bahamas - 100 miles east of Miami, Florida- former British colony, mainly black/African descent.
  • Bermuda - island (UK colony) close to the eastern USA.
  • Grand Cayman - island (UK colony).
  • Turks and Caicos Islands- island chain (UK colony) with cultural ties to Nova Scotia, Canada.
  • Virgin Islands - Both US and UK, majority of African descent.

(Cornwall)

(Northern Ireland - since 1919)

(Scotland)

(Wales)

Middle East, Caucasus, and Central Asia

Largest Arab-American and Middle eastern enclaves. Main Article: List of Arabic neighborhoods:

  • Austin, Texas - near the University of Texas.
  • Brooklyn, New York City - it has large Arab-American neighborhoods.
  • Chicago - A section of city nicknamed "Little Iraq", Chicago has the largest Iraqi community in the USA. Little Arabia in the city's Northwest side, for example, has many Arab-Americans.[232] And Devon Avenue (Chicago) has Arabs, Iranians and South Asians like Pashtun Americans.
  • Cleveland, Ohio - west side.[233]
  • Detroit (i.e. Southwest side)- over 300,000 Arab-Americans in its Metro area, another 300,000 throughout Michigan, the city and state is the largest Arab-American community in the USA. Dearborn is their cultural center in the region. Also in nearby Dearborn Heights.[234]
  • East Hollywood, Los Angeles - Arabs, Armenians, East Indians, Persians and Turks.
  • Fremont, California - "Little Kabul" (Afghans).
  • Hayward, California - similarly large South Asian community.
  • Houston, Texas - Clear Lake City, Texas has many Arabs and Iranians.
  • Jersey City, New Jersey.
  • Los Angeles like West Los Angeles. Other large Arab populations are San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles; South Bay, Los Angeles also known for Iranian and Afghan populations; and increasingly in Southeast Los Angeles communities like Bell and Maywood.
  • New Jersey - concentrated in Paterson, nicknamed "Little Arabia" or "Little Palestine", because most of them are Palestinians.
  • Orange County, California - 250,000 out of 500,000 Arab-Americans in Greater Los Angeles. Brookhurst Street in Anaheim is called "Little Arabia" or "Little Gaza" named for the Gaza Strip, as well West Bank of Anaheim named for the West Bank in Palestine.[235]
  • San Diego, California metro area - eastern San Diego metro area - Little Baghdad in El Cajon and along El Cajon Boulevard in East San Diego and La Mesa, California).[236]
  • Santa Clara Valley - aka Silicon Valley.
  • South Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada - Middle Eastern and South Asian community: Sikhs, Pakistanis and Arabs.
  • Eastern Ventura County, California in Southern California.
  • Washington, D.C. and nearby Northern Virginia, esp. Afghan Americans.
  • Mérida in the Yucatán has one of the largest and influential Lebanese communities in all of Mexico.
  • Mexico City around 1,000,000 Mexicans are of Arab background in the city. Many from Lebanese, Syrian, Palestinian, Iraqi and Jordanian background as well as Egyptian and Algerian. They now live in very affluent parts of the city and have contributed much to what we know today as Mexican culture.
  • Monterrey has one of the largest Arab communities in Mexico, mainly of Lebanese and Syrian background, they have many companies and businesses with Mexicans of Jewish background dating back from colonial times.
  • Puebla has a large Lebanese community with great influence in architecture and cuisine.
  • Torreon in the state of Coahuila has a large Palestinian community, one of the largest in Latin America after Chile.
  • Veracruz the coastal state has large concentrations of Lebanese and Syrian families from Orizaba, to Cordoba to Xalapa, to Papantla to Coatazcoalcos to the Port of Veracruz.
  • Bahamas has sizable Arab Christian communities.
  • Puerto Rico has sizable Arab Christian communities.
  • In Quebec, Canada, its largest city Montreal - includes North African (esp. Moroccans) immigrants, Lebanese and Syrians.[237]

Afghanistan

Arab World/Near East (also Assyrians and Chaldeans)

Armenia

Azerbaijan

  • Austin, Texas along with Georgians in the Caucasus region.
  • California - Greater Los Angeles and San Francisco Bay Area - the first largest Azerbaijani communities in the United States.
  • Chicago, Illinois - in this city live 30,000 native from Iran (mostly Azerbaijani).
  • Houston, Texas - one of the largest diaspora organizations in the United States.
  • New Jersey - mainly in Newark, in the same city the first Azerbaijani community was founded in 1957.
  • New York City, New York - Predominantly Queens and Brooklyn.
  • Toronto, Ontario - in this city have a largest Azerbaijani Canadian community.
  • Vancouver, British Columbia - the second largest Azerbaijani population in Canada.

Chechnya (Caucasus)

An estimated 50,000 Chechens live in the US, here are the top communities (#1 is Washington, D.C. area).

Iran

Iraq (includes Assyrians and Chaldeans)

Israel (Jews and Arabs)

Kurds (Kurdistan)

Turkey

South/Latin America and Caribbean

Argentina/Uruguay (South American nations)

  • Arlington, Virginia - Arlibamba or Little Cochabamba (Bolivians).
  • Boston.
  • Chicago.
  • Cleveland, Ohio (many South Americans).
  • Denver.
  • Detroit.
  • Hartford, Connecticut - the state has many South Americans, i.e. Danbury.
  • Los Angeles (West side, Culver City and Santa Monica).
  • Mexico City - Largest Argentine community outside Argentina.
  • Miami, Florida (2nd largest South American population).
  • New York City.
  • North Dakota (Venezuelan immigrant workers in oil industry).
  • Oklahoma City (and similarly in Tulsa, often from Chile).
  • Orange County, California (Chileans concentrated in Santa Ana).
  • Orlando, Florida.
  • Philadelphia-Camden NJ.
  • San Diego USA - many tend to come from Chile.
  • San Francisco and its bay area.
  • Seattle-Tacoma.
  • Toronto in Canada.
  • Utah (Salt Lake City, due to Mormons from Chile).
  • Washington, DC (largest South American population) with Maryland and Northern Virginia.
  • Western Pennsylvania (esp. many South Americans in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) - Includes a Large Ecuadorian and Peruvian presence.

Brazil

Central and South America

Dominican Republic

El Salvador

Except Puerto Ricans (4th as a nationality, 2nd in ancestry among Hispanics and Latinos), Salvadorans are the 2nd largest Hispanic/Latino ethnicity in the US, close to Dominicans who are third. Large Salvadoran communities developed in the late 20th–early 21st century period as a result of civil war, economic conditions, political turmoil and gang violence in the country, the country El Salvador is among the smallest in size in the Western Hemisphere. The largest Salvadoran population is in Central parts of Los Angeles[257] and throughout California (i.e. the Coachella Valley/Riverside county) along with Central American groups like Guatemalans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans.[258] Recent census data shows that for the first time, there are more Salvadorans living on Long Island than Puerto Ricans, with Salvadorans now numbering nearly 100,000,[259] representing nearly a quarter of all Hispanics in the region, making them the largest Latino group in Long Island (New York State). They tend to live in suburban towns like Hempstead and Uniondale. And a large Salvadoran presence in North Carolina like Charlotte, Greensboro and Raleigh.

  • City of Los Angeles - largest Salvadoran city outside El Salvador.
    • Alameda Street/East Side/Southeast.
    • Boyle Heights.
    • Broadway Plaza (esp 7th street).
    • Echo Park/Elysian Park/Silver Lake.
    • El Barrio Salvador (along with other Central Americans).
    • Koreatown (Largest Salvadoran community, now outnumbers Koreans).
    • Little Salvador/Westlake.
    • Main Street/12th Place.
    • Mid-City.
    • Pico-Union (also Guatemalans and Hondurans).
    • Silver Lake/Los Feliz (also a large Mexican population).
    • South-Central/Florence.
    • University area (Latino Quarter).
  • Greater Los Angeles
    • Anaheim - Large Central American population.
    • Bell/Bell Gardens.
    • Compton/Rancho Dominguez.
    • East Los Angeles/Commerce.
    • Garden Grove (also Palestinian, Armenian, Indian, Japanese and Vietnamese sections)- extends into Santa Ana (Downtown).
    • Lomita/Harbor City/Torrance (also Nicaraguans and Costa Ricans).
    • Long Beach (Little Salvador).
    • Orange/El Modena.
    • San Fernando/Pacoima.
    • San Gabriel Valley.
    • Santa Ana (Little Delhi - also many Indians, and Little Salvador - with other Central Americans)
    • Santa Monica (Pico District) extends into West Los Angeles.
    • Westminster - also has many Mexican-Americans and immigrants.
  • Southern California
    • Bakersfield/Kern county.
    • Cathedral City (Ramon road)/Palm Springs.
    • Coachella (Cesar Chavez street)/Indio.
    • Colton (North side).
    • El Cajon.
    • Fontana/Rialto.
    • Guadalupe/Santa Maria.
    • Lancaster/Palmdale.
    • Moreno Valley (Sunnymead).
    • Oxnard/Ventura.
    • Riverside (East side - one of US' largest Salvadoran blocks).
    • San Bernardino (Downtown - similarly like above).
    • San Diego (City Heights and East side).
    • Victorville, esp Eagle Ranch, Baldy Mesa and Hook Loop.
  • Central California
    • Firebaugh/Mendota.
    • Fresno/Clovis.
    • Salinas and its valley - farm labor migration.
    • San Joaquin (Fresno county).
    • Watsonville/Santa Cruz county.
  • Northern California
    • Colma/Daly City.
    • Napa.
    • Oakland (south, west and downtown).
    • Richmond/San Pablo.
    • Sacramento.
    • San Francisco (goes back to the 1910s), mainly the Dolores and Mission Districts.
    • San Jose/Santa Clara (large settlement of Salvadoran war refugees since 1975).
    • San Rafael (downtown).
    • Sonoma valley area.
    • Stockton.
    • Vallejo/Fairfield.
  • Elsewhere Salvadoran communities in the USA
    • Baja California, Mexico - Salvadorans also settled in Mexico, many cross the Guatemalan border (i.e. Chiapas).
    • East and West (more like central geographical area) sides of Chicago.
    • Dallas, Texas and its county - large settlement of Salvadoran war refugees since 1975.
    • Denver, Colorado - large Salvadoran community.
    • Houston, Texas - one of the largest Salvadoran/Central American cities.
    • Kansas City metro area (KS and MO) - large Central American population in these states.
    • Las Vegas, Nevada - in the resort and casino industry.
    • Little Rock, Arkansas - large Salvadoran community.
    • Miami and South Florida (i.e. Broward County, but there are more Guatemalans, Hondurans and Nicaraguans) - largest Salvadoran city in eastern US.
    • New Orleans, esp since after Hurricane Katrina in 2005.
    • New York City and metro area (largest cities in NJ and CT).
    • Northwest Arkansas (i.e. Lowell, Arkansas).
    • Orlando, Florida - they began to arrive in 1980s, now a large presence in Latino community.
    • Philadelphia metro area - a large portion of the local Latino population.
    • San Antonio, Texas - Inner west and older east sides.
    • Seattle metro area - large Salvadoran/Latino community between Seattle and Tacoma.
    • Tampa, Florida - one of largest groups in the city.
    • Trinidad, Colorado - many Salvadorans came to CO for employment.
    • Vancouver, British Columbia - largest concentration in Canada.
    • Washington, D.C. (esp. Mount Pleasant), and nearby Maryland and Northern Virginia suburbs. Formerly known as Arlandria, a neighborhood between Alexandria and Arlington in Virginia is now referred to as Chirilagua, due to the many Salvadorans living there from that particular town.[260]
    • Yakima, Washington - along with large Mexican community.
    • Yuma, Arizona - part of migrant farm labor in the area.

Mexico

Mural in Chicano Park, San Diego stating "All the way to the Bay"

Puerto Rican (see also Nuyorican)

Venezuela

West Indies and Caribbean

All are largest Belizean, Cuban and Puerto Rican communities in California, respectively, all in Los Angeles area.

Others

Afro Caribbeans (Caribbean Americans)

Americans (US)

Ethnic enclaves of Americans

- Mexico - (one to 3.5 million Americans, expatriates and by descent)

Ajijic and the Lake Chapala region, Jalisco; Ciudad Juarez; Mexico City; Mexico (state); Cancun; Puerto Vallarta; Guerrero Negro and Los Cabos, Baja California Sur; San Felipe, Baja California; Tijuana; Mexicali; and many others (see Americans in Mexico).

- Canada - (500,000 to a million Americans, expatriates and by descent)

Alberta, esp. cities of Calgary and Edmonton; the Windsor, Ontario and Niagara Falls, Ontario areas facing the border; and Vancouver, British Columbia. In the 1960s-70s, about 50,000 Vietnam war draft dodgers from the USA settled in Canada, esp. Toronto.

Australians

Canadians

Anglophones

Seasonal residents known as "Snowbirds" are in Florida (esp. Hollywood near Miami in the South Florida metro area), the Carolinas, Gulf Coast of the United States, South Texas, Arizona (the Phoenix metro area), Las Vegas, Nevada; and Southern California (the largest concentrations in the Coachella Valley), Canadian real estate owners founded towns like Ontario, California and Pasadena, California in the 1800s.

French Canadians

- Canada (they form a majority of population in Quebec) -

- USA -

The communities of Huot, Minnesota; Roseau, Minnesota; St. Hilaire, Minnesota and Terrebonne, Minnesota are also places of historical significance for French-Canadian immigration.

Central Asians (Kazakhs)

  • Austin, Texas - joins immigration from Russia and the Caucasus.
  • Brooklyn, New York (southern parts of the borough) in New York City.
  • Hackensack, New Jersey with Russians and of the Caucasus.
  • Hollywood, California (during and after their nations were under the Soviet Union).
  • Long Beach, California (immigrants from the former USSR).
  • Orange County, California - the LA metro area has the most Central Asians in USA.
  • San Francisco, California - also has a Circassian community.

Jews (of many nationalities)

Main Article: List of Orthodox Jewish communities in the United States

Arizona, California,[288] Colorado, South Florida, Oregon and Texas have large Jewish communities, many are seasonal or retirement.

Louisiana Creole/Cajun/Louisiana People (European- and African-Americans)

Native Americans

  • Urban Indians, communities developed by small enclaves of Native Americans/First Nations and Alaskan Natives since the 1930s. They tend to form small percentages of the urban areas' population. Virtually every major city in the US has an American Indian community. See Rancherie/ Ranchería for urban Indian parts of Las Vegas, Nevada and Reno, Nevada.

The highest concentration of Urban Indians is believed to be in Anchorage, Alaska where over 10 percent of the population identify themselves in the census as having some Native ancestry, with 7.3 percent identifying that as their only ancestry. In the mainland USA, Indian Alley in downtown Los Angeles, California may be the most dense Native American population of any major city.[289]

Some moderate-sized cities and suburbs lie adjacent to Indian Reservations, examples being Asheville, North Carolina; Auburn, New York (nearby Iroquois Nation); Bartlesville, Oklahoma (Osage Indian Reservation); Billings, Montana; Bismarck, North Dakota; Claremore, Oklahoma (historically Cherokee Nation); Grand Coulee, Washington; Hardin, Montana; Henderson County, Kentucky; Henderson County, North Carolina; Jackson County, North Carolina; Kanosh, Utah; Lake Forest, California (Juaneno); Madras, Oregon; Middletown, Rhode Island; Muskogee, Oklahoma; Oneida Indian Reservation, New York; Pierre, South Dakota; Rapid City, South Dakota; St. Ignace, Michigan; Sedona, Arizona; Sheridan, Wyoming; Tacoma, Washington; Utica, New York; Vernal, Utah; Wenatchee, Washington; Yucaipa, California; and Zebulon, North Carolina.

A mostly non-Indian community of Salamanca, New York within the Allegany Indian Reservation located in Upstate New York.

USA

Canada

Okies and Texans/Appalachian Whites/Southerners (cultural groups)

States with Texan and Oklahoman, Appalachian and southern cultural influences: Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming.

In Mexico, Mexicali, Baja California (white and black Americans, and Mexican-Americans esp. Tejanos from Texas).

In Canada, the province of Alberta centered in Calgary and Edmonton.

Pacific Islanders

See also Samoans and Guamanians.

Pennsylvania Dutch and Amish/Mennonites

In Canada, many live in Saskatchewan and in Mexico, many live in the state of Chihuahua.

Quakers

Seventh-day Adventists (religious group communities and concentrations)

Sikhs (also large numbers of Muslims, esp Indians)

Except for Paterson, New Jersey, all communities in California.

In Canada, Vancouver, British Columbia is largest Sikh/South Asian community in North America.

Siberian peoples

Communities of native Siberians from Russia live in Denver, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and Seattle.

Other cultural communities

See also

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