Crawford County, Kansas

Crawford County, Kansas
County
Crawford County Courthouse in Girard
Map of Kansas highlighting Crawford County
Location in the U.S. state of Kansas
Map of the United States highlighting Kansas
Kansas's location in the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°31′N 94°51′W / 37.517°N 94.850°W / 37.517; -94.850
Founded February 13, 1867
Named for Samuel J. Crawford
Seat Girard
Largest city Pittsburg
Area
 • Total 595 sq mi (1,541 km2)
 • Land 590 sq mi (1,528 km2)
 • Water 5.3 sq mi (14 km2), 0.9%
Population (est.)
 • (2016) 39,164
 • Density 66/sq mi (25/km2)
Area code(s) 620
Congressional district 2nd
Time zone Central: UTC−6/−5
Website CrawfordCountyKansas.org

Crawford County (county code CR) is a county located in Southeast Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 39,134.[1] Its county seat is Girard,[2] and its most populous city is Pittsburg. The county was named in honor of Samuel J. Crawford,[3] Governor of Kansas.

Located in the Osage Cuestas and Cherokee Lowlands, it lies halfway between Kansas City, Missouri and Tulsa, Oklahoma. Crawford County, and much of southeast Kansas, was founded on coal mining, the Pittsburg-Weir Coalfield being located here, and is still known for mining today. Pittsburg State University is located in Crawford County.

History

Early history

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the British defeated France in the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the former New France land west of the Mississippi to France, but kept title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, the United States acquired much of the West and most of the land for modern-day Kansas as part of the 828,000-square mile Louisiana Purchase, at a cost of 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, and in 1861 Kansas was admitted as the 34th U.S. state. The preceding years had been filled with violence as settlers arrived on both sides of the slavery question; the residents voting for Kansas to enter as a free state were the majority. In 1867, Crawford County was established (formed from Bourbon and Cherokeecounties). It is named for Samuel J. Crawford, who was the governor in office at the time.[4]

20th century

In the early 20th century, Crawford County was often referred to as the "Little Balkans", because of the many immigrants who came here from that area of Europe. They came to work in the mines, industrial work that did not require much English in the beginning. This area was the site of a number of illegal bootlegging operations, most of which were organized by immigrants in order to supplement their meager earnings as strip miners. During his term, Governor Walter R. Stubbs of Kansas made it his mission to stamp out this practice.[5][6] According to the criminal justice scholar Ken Peak, "The [Little] Balkans drove [Stubbs] absolutely nuts. He had his hands full and sent people down to the Balkans to clean it up".[6] Despite this crack down, however, the governor was unable to eradicate the crime completely from the area.[6]

21st century

On Sunday, May 4, 2003, a strong and violent F4 tornado touched down in western Crawford County, several miles west of Frontenac at around 4:40 p.m. The tornado remained on the ground throughout Crawford County until it entered neighboring Barton County, Missouri—traveling a total of 35 miles (56 km) and ending near Liberal, Missouri. The towns of Ringo, Franklin, and Mulberry, all in Crawford County, were devastated. The tornado cut a path of destruction roughly one quarter mile wide. Several F4 and F5 tornadoes hit Kansas, Missouri, and several other states that day, including the Kansas City metropolitan area. Six deaths were reported in Kansas, and Governor Sebelius declared much of eastern and southeastern Kansas a disaster area, including Crawford County.[7]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 595 square miles (1,540 km2), of which 590 square miles (1,500 km2) is land and 5.3 square miles (14 km2) (0.9%) is water.[8]

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18708,160—
188016,851106.5%
189030,28679.7%
190038,80928.1%
191051,17831.9%
192061,80020.8%
193049,329−20.2%
194044,191−10.4%
195040,231−9.0%
196037,032−8.0%
197037,8502.2%
198037,9160.2%
199035,568−6.2%
200038,2427.5%
201039,1342.3%
Est. 201639,164[9]0.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[10]
1790-1960[11] 1900-1990[12]
1990-2000[13] 2010-2016[1]
Population pyramid

The Pittsburg Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Crawford County.

As of the 2000 census,[14] there were 38,242 people, 15,504 households, and 9,441 families residing in the county. The population density was 64 people per square mile (25/km²). There were 17,221 housing units at an average density of 29 per square mile (11/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 93.29% White, 1.83% Black or African American, 0.94% Native American, 1.11% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.11% from other races, and 1.63% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.38% of the population. 23.5% were of German, 12.5% American, 10.4% English, 10.2% Irish and 8.6% Italian ancestry according to Census 2000.

There were 15,504 households out of which 28.50% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 47.90% were married couples living together, 9.30% had a female householder with no husband present, and 39.10% were non-families. 30.60% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.40% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35 and the average family size was 2.96.

In the county, the population was spread out with 22.90% under the age of 18, 16.40% from 18 to 24, 25.00% from 25 to 44, 20.20% from 45 to 64, and 15.50% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females there were 95.00 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $29,409, and the median income for a family was $40,582. Males had a median income of $27,881 versus $21,517 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,245. About 9.40% of families and 16.00% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.00% of those under age 18 and 10.30% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections

Presidential Elections Results
Presidential Elections Results[15]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 57.9% 8,624 34.9% 5,199 7.2% 1,068
2012 51.3% 7,708 45.4% 6,826 3.4% 506
2008 48.1% 7,735 49.5% 7,957 2.4% 383
2004 52.2% 8,626 46.1% 7,617 1.7% 284
2000 47.6% 7,160 47.1% 7,076 5.3% 798
1996 40.6% 6,447 47.3% 7,504 12.2% 1,929
1992 33.0% 5,468 44.4% 7,366 22.7% 3,757
1988 46.7% 6,940 52.4% 7,783 0.9% 127
1984 58.1% 9,518 41.0% 6,722 0.9% 141
1980 47.8% 8,058 45.4% 7,658 6.8% 1,139
1976 43.8% 7,225 54.7% 9,021 1.6% 258
1972 58.0% 9,652 40.2% 6,683 1.8% 302
1968 45.3% 7,344 44.4% 7,191 10.4% 1,678
1964 37.8% 6,286 61.8% 10,282 0.5% 76
1960 52.8% 9,383 46.8% 8,325 0.4% 69
1956 54.9% 9,578 44.7% 7,799 0.3% 60
1952 55.8% 10,646 43.8% 8,349 0.4% 79
1948 46.2% 8,229 50.6% 9,005 3.3% 581
1944 52.1% 9,017 47.4% 8,211 0.5% 83
1940 47.7% 10,143 51.7% 11,002 0.6% 130
1936 39.7% 8,596 60.0% 12,974 0.3% 66
1932 37.4% 6,884 59.8% 10,994 2.8% 523
1928 62.3% 10,992 36.0% 6,351 1.7% 299
1924 50.3% 9,063 19.1% 3,433 30.6% 5,509
1920 54.7% 7,957 36.8% 5,362 8.5% 1,234
1916 38.1% 7,067 43.5% 8,064 18.4% 3,408
1912 25.2% 2,676 26.1% 2,781 48.7% 5,180[lower-alpha 1]
1908 46.6% 5,152 38.2% 4,230 15.2% 1,686
1904 58.4% 5,910 20.3% 2,057 21.4% 2,162
1900 48.7% 4,722 49.7% 4,824 1.6% 158
1896 44.4% 3,868 54.6% 4,757 1.0% 87
1892 41.9% 3,064 58.1% 4,250
1888 48.5% 3,156 28.8% 1,875 22.8% 1,482

Unlike most of the counties in the Ozark-Ouachita “Bible Belt”, Crawford County remained competitive in Presidential elections until the 2010s. As recently as 2008 it was carried by Barack Obama, being the only county he ever won between the urban limits of Dallas, Little Rock, Denver and Kansas City. However, like all of the region it has shown a strong anti-Democratic trend in recent years, with Hillary Clinton’s 34.9 percent – though more than she achieved in any rural white southern county – being the worst by a Democrat for 92 years.

In earlier times, Crawford County was a hotbed of left-wing politics, being the nation’s second best county for Eugene Debs in 1912, and one of four where he gained a plurality of votes. It was also Robert La Follette, Sr.’s second-best Kansas county in 1924, behind only largely Catholic Ellis County.

Laws

Crawford County was a prohibition, or "dry", county until the Kansas Constitution was amended in 1986 and voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement. The food sales requirement was removed with voter approval in 1992.[16]

Education

Unified school districts

  • Northeast USD 246 (Web site) - Serves the northeast portion of Crawford County, namely Lincoln and Washington Townships, including the towns of Arcadia, Arma, Cockerall, Camp 50, Franklin, Mulberry and Breezy Hill. Mascot - Vikings Colors - Burgundy and White
  • Southeast USD 247 (Web site) - Serves primarily portions of Crawford and Cherokee counties, but also includes small portions of Labette and Neosho counties. The 300-square-mile (780 km2) district serves over 450 students in grades Pre-K through 12. Southeast High School (the "Lancers") is located just west of the city of Cherokee (the district office is located in the Cherokee/McCune Township). In Crawford County the district also serves the city of McCune.[17] Mascot - Lancers Colors - Columbia Blue and White
  • Girard USD 248 (Web Site) - Serves Girard and the Girard Township, including the towns of Farlington, Walnut, Greenbush and Hepler. Mascot - Trojans Colors - Maroon and Yellow/Gold
  • Frontenac USD 249 (Web site) - Serves Frontenac and the Frontenac Township, including the towns of Yale, Radley, Ringo and Mindenmines, Missouri. Mascot - Raiders Colors - Black and White/Silver
  • Pittsburg USD 250 (Web site) - Serves Pittsburg and the Pittsburg Township, including the towns of Chicopee, Opolis, and Asbury, Missouri. Mascot - Purple Dragons Colors - Purple and White

Private schools

  • Saint Mary's - Colgan (Web site) is a private Catholic K-12 school located in Pittsburg. Mascot - Panthers Colors - Blue and White

Higher education

Libraries

Communities

2005 KDOT Map of Crawford County (map legend)

Cities

Census-designated places

Other unincorporated places

Townships

Crawford County is divided into nine townships. The cities of Frontenac, Girard, Mulberry, and Pittsburg are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

TownshipFIPSPopulation
center		 PopulationPopulation
density
/km² (/sq mi)		 Land area
km² (sq mi)		Water area
km² (sq mi)		Water % Geographic coordinates
Baker03750Pittsburg3,64025 (64)147 (57)0 (0)0.05%37°22′57″N 94°42′35″W / 37.38250°N 94.70972°W / 37.38250; -94.70972
Crawford16250Girard8836 (14)159 (62)0 (0)0.09%37°30′3″N 94°51′13″W / 37.50083°N 94.85361°W / 37.50083; -94.85361
Grant27575No center city2472 (4)145 (56)1 (0)0.45%37°30′10″N 95°1′8″W / 37.50278°N 95.01889°W / 37.50278; -95.01889
Lincoln40575Arcadia9425 (13)181 (70)0 (0)0.23%37°37′21″N 94°39′31″W / 37.62250°N 94.65861°W / 37.62250; -94.65861
Osage53125McCune7565 (14)141 (54)1 (0)0.44%37°22′46″N 95°1′21″W / 37.37944°N 95.02250°W / 37.37944; -95.02250
Sheridan64675Cherokee1,5017 (19)206 (80)1 (0)0.31%37°22′32″N 94°51′33″W / 37.37556°N 94.85917°W / 37.37556; -94.85917
Sherman64875Farlington5203 (7)187 (72)1 (0)0.45%37°37′24″N 94°51′35″W / 37.62333°N 94.85972°W / 37.62333; -94.85972
Walnut74975Walnut6244 (10)166 (64)0 (0)0.27%37°36′15″N 95°1′38″W / 37.60417°N 95.02722°W / 37.60417; -95.02722
Washington75575Frontenac3,54023 (59)154 (60)1 (1)0.96%37°31′7″N 94°41′44″W / 37.51861°N 94.69556°W / 37.51861; -94.69556
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on 2002-08-02.

Area Attractions

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ↑ Gannett, Henry (1905). The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States. Govt. Print. Off. p. 95.
  4. ↑ Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc. Standard Publishing Company. p. 471.
  5. ↑ Connelley, William (1918). "Walter Roscoe Stubbs". A Standard History of Kansas and Kansans. Archived from the original on June 13, 2013. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  6. 1 2 3 "Booze Brothers". Lawrence Journal-World. May 1, 2006. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
  7. ↑ "5 years later". The Morning Sun. 2008-05-04. Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-06-03.
  8. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  9. ↑ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  10. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  11. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  12. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  13. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 22, 2014.
  14. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  15. ↑ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
  16. ↑ "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-12-28.
  17. ↑ Burns, Tim (September 19, 2005). "Welcome To USD #247". Cherokee, USD 247. Archived from the original on 2007-08-10. Retrieved 2007-01-23.
Notes
  1. ↑ This includes 3,753 votes for Socialist Eugene V. Debs and 1,427 votes for Progressive Theodore Roosevelt.

Further reading

County
Historical
Maps
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