Harper County, Kansas

Harper County, Kansas
County
Harper County Courthouse (2015)
Map of Kansas highlighting Harper County
Location in the U.S. state of Kansas
Map of the United States highlighting Kansas
Kansas's location in the U.S.
Founded February 26, 1867
Named for Marion Harper
Seat Anthony
Largest city Anthony
Area
 • Total 803 sq mi (2,080 km2)
 • Land 801 sq mi (2,075 km2)
 • Water 1.5 sq mi (4 km2), 0.2%
Population (est.)
 • (2016) 5,685
 • Density 7.5/sq mi (2.9/km2)
Congressional district 4th
Time zone Central: UTC−6/−5
Website HarperCountyKS.gov

Harper County (county code HP) is a county located in the U.S. state of Kansas. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 6,034.[1] Its county seat and most populous city is Anthony.[2] The county was named for Sergeant Marion Harper of the 2nd Kansas Cavalry, who died of wounds suffered near Waldron, Arkansas, in December 1863.[3]

History

Early history

For many millennia, the Great Plains of North America was inhabited by nomadic Native Americans. From the 16th century to 18th century, the Kingdom of France claimed ownership of large parts of North America. In 1762, after the French and Indian War, France secretly ceded New France to Spain, per the Treaty of Fontainebleau.

19th century

In 1802, Spain returned most of the land to France, but keeping title to about 7,500 square miles. In 1803, most of the land for modern day Kansas was acquired by the United States from France as part of the 828,000 square mile Louisiana Purchase for 2.83 cents per acre.

In 1854, the Kansas Territory was organized, then in 1861 Kansas became the 34th U.S. state. In 1867, Harper County was established.

The original organization of Harper County was one of the largest frauds in county government. In 1873, a group of three men organized Harper County, designating the then fictitious city of "Bluff City" as the county seat. The petition for organization used several names out of a Cincinnati city directory to represent as residents of Harper County.[4] In 1874, the state attorney general investigated, and found not a single resident of the county. The "founders" of the county had sold $40,000 worth of bonds.[5]

Harper County was settled starting in 1877, and the county was organized for a second time in 1878 by the Glenn and Robinson families. Since Bluff City could not be shown to have existed, Anthony was designated as the temporary county seat. In an election in 1879, Anthony won as county seat even though 2,960 votes were cast in a county with 800 legal voters.[5]

21st century

Due to new and high-paying jobs at area oil fields and wind farms, Harper County experienced an economic boom; as of 2012, rental housing and office space in towns such as Danville, Harper, and Anthony had more than quadrupled in price, in properties ranging from double-wide trailers to a Carnegie library.[6] However, by 2016, the oil fracking boom had largely played out and the economies of Harper and adjacent counties suffered under the impact.[7] Earthquakes, due to induced seismicity from injection wells, had also substantially reduced in frequency and intensity, thanks to a Kansas Corporation Commission order mandating cutbacks in volumes and pressures. SandRidge Energy, which along with Chesapeake Energy was one of the two major producers in Harper county, appealed the order, but soon went into bankruptcy.[8][9][10]

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 803 square miles (2,080 km2), of which 801 square miles (2,070 km2) is land and 1.5 square miles (3.9 km2) (0.2%) is water.[11]

Adjacent counties

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18804,133—
189013,266221.0%
190010,310−22.3%
191014,74843.0%
192013,656−7.4%
193012,823−6.1%
194012,068−5.9%
195010,263−15.0%
19609,541−7.0%
19707,871−17.5%
19807,778−1.2%
19907,124−8.4%
20006,536−8.3%
20106,034−7.7%
Est. 20165,685[12]−5.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[13]
1790-1960[14] 1900-1990[15]
1990-2000[16] 2010-2016[1]
Population pyramid

As of the 2000 census,[17] there were 6,536 people, 2,773 households, and 1,807 families residing in the county. The population density was 8 people per square mile (3/km²). There were 3,270 housing units at an average density of 4 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 97.23% White, 0.83% Native American, 0.23% Black or African American, 0.14% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.38% from other races, and 1.18% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.07% of the population.

There were 2,773 households out of which 27.70% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.30% were married couples living together, 6.90% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.80% were non-families. 32.10% of all households were made up of individuals and 17.90% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.30 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the county, the population was spread out with 24.70% under the age of 18, 6.60% from 18 to 24, 22.00% from 25 to 44, 23.50% from 45 to 64, and 23.20% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 43 years. For every 100 females there were 93.70 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $29,776, and the median income for a family was $39,866. Males had a median income of $27,869 versus $20,000 for females. The per capita income for the county was $16,368. About 8.50% of families and 11.60% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.70% of those under age 18 and 7.70% of those age 65 or over.

Government

Presidential elections

Presidential Elections Results
Presidential Elections Results[18]
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2016 77.4% 1,996 15.2% 393 7.3% 189
2012 73.6% 1,759 23.0% 550 3.4% 80
2008 71.5% 1,999 26.3% 736 2.2% 61
2004 73.5% 2,154 24.8% 727 1.7% 49
2000 68.0% 2,076 28.5% 869 3.6% 110
1996 61.4% 1,941 26.5% 836 12.1% 382
1992 40.6% 1,371 25.0% 845 34.4% 1,162
1988 59.4% 1,941 37.8% 1,235 2.8% 92
1984 73.1% 2,521 25.9% 893 1.0% 35
1980 64.2% 2,254 28.2% 990 7.6% 268
1976 50.0% 1,777 47.3% 1,681 2.7% 96
1972 75.7% 2,628 21.0% 729 3.3% 114
1968 64.0% 2,351 27.6% 1,015 8.4% 308
1964 51.7% 1,969 47.6% 1,813 0.7% 28
1960 68.3% 3,158 31.1% 1,439 0.5% 25
1956 70.0% 3,111 29.5% 1,311 0.5% 23
1952 78.6% 3,575 20.4% 927 1.0% 45
1948 59.3% 2,702 38.4% 1,752 2.3% 106
1944 63.8% 2,849 35.2% 1,573 1.0% 46
1940 55.7% 3,205 43.1% 2,478 1.2% 68
1936 41.7% 2,441 57.9% 3,391 0.4% 22
1932 41.1% 2,116 55.6% 2,860 3.3% 169
1928 77.9% 3,712 21.1% 1,005 1.1% 51
1924 53.3% 2,280 30.9% 1,321 15.9% 681
1920 61.7% 2,593 35.3% 1,486 3.0% 127
1916 36.8% 1,797 54.2% 2,648 9.0% 439
1912 11.6% 365 40.6% 1,274 47.8% 1,499[lower-alpha 1]
1908 48.5% 1,490 45.7% 1,404 5.9% 181
1904 61.7% 1,459 25.3% 597 13.0% 308
1900 47.0% 1,190 49.8% 1,261 3.1% 79
1896 37.4% 812 61.3% 1,332 1.3% 29
1892 38.6% 1,288 61.4% 2,051
1888 48.8% 1,490 30.8% 940 20.4% 624

Laws

Following amendment to the Kansas Constitution in 1986, Harper County remained a prohibition, or "dry", county until 2006, when voters approved the sale of alcoholic liquor by the individual drink with a 30% food sales requirement.[19]

Education

Unified school districts

Communities

2005 KDOT Map of Harper County (map legend)

Cities

Unincorporated communities

Ghost Towns

  • Albion
  • Crisfield
  • Midway
  • Ruella
  • Shook
  • Yankton

Townships

The townships of Harper County (Townships are numbers in counter-clockwise order, with Township 1 highlighted in red).

Harper County is divided into six townships. The cities of Anthony and Harper are considered governmentally independent and are excluded from the census figures for the townships. In the following table, the population center is the largest city (or cities) included in that township's population total, if it is of a significant size.

Harper County is one of only four counties in Kansas that have numbered, not named, townships. The other three are Morris County, Pratt County, and Rooks County.

TownshipFIPSPopulation
center		 PopulationPopulation
density
/km² (/sq mi)		 Land area
km² (sq mi)		Water area
km² (sq mi)		Water % Geographic coordinates
Township 1712011,0002 (6)468 (181)1 (0)0.12%37°15′23″N 98°14′0″W / 37.25639°N 98.23333°W / 37.25639; -98.23333
Township 2712051440 (1)363 (140)1 (0)0.23%37°4′23″N 98°14′22″W / 37.07306°N 98.23944°W / 37.07306; -98.23944
Township 3712093941 (3)383 (148)2 (1)0.44%37°7′58″N 98°2′7″W / 37.13278°N 98.03528°W / 37.13278; -98.03528
Township 4712132321 (2)297 (115)0 (0)0.06%37°7′2″N 97°51′45″W / 37.11722°N 97.86250°W / 37.11722; -97.86250
Township 5712174632 (4)277 (107)0 (0)0.16%37°15′47″N 97°56′23″W / 37.26306°N 97.93972°W / 37.26306; -97.93972
Township 6712212961 (3)280 (108)0 (0)0.06%37°20′26″N 97°58′17″W / 37.34056°N 97.97139°W / 37.34056; -97.97139
Sources: "Census 2000 U.S. Gazetteer Files". U.S. Census Bureau, Geography Division. Archived from the original on 2002-08-02.

See also

References

  1. 1 2 "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  2. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  3. ↑ Kansas Place-Names, John Rydjord, University of Oklahoma Press, 1972, ISBN 0-8061-0994-7
  4. ↑ Blackmar, Frank Wilson (1912). Kansas: A Cyclopedia of State History, Embracing Events, Institutions, Industries, Counties, Cities, Towns, Prominent Persons, Etc.
  5. 1 2 Cutler, William G. (1883). History of the State of Kansas. A.T. Andreas.
  6. ↑ Blake Ellis (June 1, 2012). "Where trailer homes rent for $2,000 a month". CNN Money. CNN.com. Retrieved 2012-06-02.
  7. ↑ Downward flow's ripples: Oil, gas downturn hitting counties on many levels, Kansas Agland, Amy Bickel, Feb 13, 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  8. ↑ Fracking divides small town of Anthony, Kansas, University Daily Kansan, Rebecca Dowd, Jul 12, 2015. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  9. ↑ Increasing Number Of Earthquakes Prompts New Regulations In Kansas, Oklahoma Oil Industries, KMUW, Abigail Beckman, January 11, 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  10. ↑ SandRidge Energy emerges from bankruptcy, The Oklahoman, Adam Wilmoth, October 4, 2016. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
  11. ↑ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  12. ↑ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  13. ↑ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  14. ↑ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  15. ↑ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  16. ↑ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 26, 2014.
  17. ↑ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  18. ↑ http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS
  19. ↑ "Map of Wet and Dry Counties". Alcoholic Beverage Control, Kansas Department of Revenue. November 2006. Archived from the original on 2007-10-08. Retrieved 2007-12-26.
Notes
  1. ↑ This total comprises 1,296 votes (41.30 percent) for Progressive Theodore Roosevelt (who carried the county) and 203 votes (6.47 percent) for Socialist Eugene V. Debs.

Further reading

County
Maps

Coordinates: 37°12′N 98°05′W / 37.200°N 98.083°W / 37.200; -98.083

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