Morton Grove, Illinois

Morton Grove, Illinois
Village
Village of Morton Grove
Morton Grove station
Nickname(s): The Grove
Motto(s): "First in service.."
Location of Morton Grove in Cook County, Illinois.
Location of Illinois in the United States
Coordinates: 42°2′26″N 87°46′57″W / 42.04056°N 87.78250°W / 42.04056; -87.78250Coordinates: 42°2′26″N 87°46′57″W / 42.04056°N 87.78250°W / 42.04056; -87.78250
Country	United States
State	Illinois
County	Cook
Township	Maine, Niles
Founded	1895
Area[1]
• Total	5.09 sq mi (13.18 km2)
• Land	5.09 sq mi (13.18 km2)
• Water	0.00 sq mi (0.00 km2)
Elevation	623 ft (190 m)
Population (2010)
• Total	23,270
• Estimate (2016)[2]	23,227
• Density	4,565.06/sq mi (1,762.52/km2)
Time zone	UTC-6 (CST)
• Summer (DST)	UTC-5 (CDT)
ZIP Code(s)	60053, 60054, 60055
Area code(s)	847
FIPS code	17-50647
GNIS feature ID	413865[3]
Website	www.mortongroveil.org

Morton Grove is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 23,270,^[4] for a growth rate of 3.6% since 2000.

The village is named after former United States Vice President Levi Parsons Morton, who helped finance the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad (later the Milwaukee Road) which roughly tracked the North Branch of the Chicago River in the area and established a stop at the old Miller's Mill. Miller's Mill Road, now Lincoln Avenue, connected the former riverside sawmill to the township's central settlement (Niles Center, now Skokie). The railroad stop facilitated trade and development; the upstart neighborhood grew enough to incorporate in December 1895.

History

Farmers from England, Germany and Luxembourg started arriving in the 1830s, clearing the land by cutting the walnut, oak, hickory, elm and maple trees. Although logs were initially hauled to a sawmill at Dutchman's Point (later Niles, Illinois) at the corner of what would become Milwaukee, Waukegan and Touhy Avenues, immigrant John Miller erected a water-powered sawmill near where the Chicago River met the future Dempster Street shortly after 1841. This simplified homebuilding in the area, as well as facilitated lumber sales. A road (first known as Miller's Mill Road and after 1915 as Lincoln Avenue) allowed wood from the sawmill (and produce from nearby farms) to be hauled to the largest settlement in the surrounding Niles Township (initially known as Niles Center and now Skokie) or even further, into Chicago.^[5] Around 1850, the road to/from Chicago now known as Milwaukee Avenue was improved to become a single lane plank (toll) road, which reduced a four-day journey into Chicago to about a half day. Lumber was also hauled to Jefferson Park to fuel locomotives, as the first railroads were built in the area. In 1858, Henry Harms^[6] built a toll road from the intersection of Ashland and Lincoln Avenues in Chicago to Skokie, where it met Miller's Mill Road. Harms' Road was later extended through Glenview.

In 1872, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad bought Miller's Mill and laid track (which became two lines in 1892). They also dug gravel for railroad and road use nearby, creating a quarry at what later became Austin Park. The stop (later station) at what had been Miller's Mill was named Morton Grove to honor one of the railroad's New York financiers, Levi Parsons Morton. The Morton Grove settlement began growing from about 100 persons, and by 1874 had grown enough to have its first postmaster, Civil War veteran Medard Lochner. Rural mail service started 21 years later, although a blacksmith shop was opened at the settlement by 1884, and a trading post and saloon had operated since 1847.^[7] The first subdivision (177 lots) was platted by real estate developers George Fernald and Fred Bingham in 1891, and a convalescent home for German-American aged was built in 1894.^[8] The village formally incorporated on December 24, 1895, just eight days before Morton became the Governor of New York. Morton Grove's first mayor, George Harrer, was of German descent (and would became the namesake of the village's largest park) and his brother became Skokie's mayor.

The first greenhouses were built in Morton Grove in 1885 (the railroad transported 135,000 tons of coal annually to heat them in cold weather), and the Poehlman Brothers' floral business grew into one of the world’s largest floral firms, receiving international recognition when one of its roses won first place at the 1904 St. Louis World’s Fair. The orchid department alone included eight greenhouses, and the nearby railroad station received flowers from the Philippines and South America to service customers with more exotic tastes. By 1915 the Poehlman Brothers' payroll included 400 to 500 people. However, the business went bankrupt in the Great Depression. Baxter Laboratories bought much of the former Poehlman land, and became a major employer in the following decades. The twenty acres of land surrounding Greenhouse C was purchased by the Morton Grove Days Committee and ultimately became Harrar Park; and Lochner's and the wholesale firm Platz Flowers (retail business named Jamaican Gardens) continue to operate in the village.^[9] August Poehlman long served as one of Morton Grove's six trustees (and as its second mayor), and his brother Adolph was the village attorney.^[10] The Poehlmans also helped found Jerusalem Evangelical Lutheran Church and its school in 1897.^[11]

As the 19th evolved into the 20th century, Morton Grove built a school in 1897 (although a one-room "little red schoolhouse" had existed at Waukegan in Beckwith roads from 1860 until finally torn down in 1990),^[12] gained a telephone exchange in 1900, and established a volunteer fire department in 1904. That year, considerable land in the village became forest preserve property, including the banks of the North Branch of the Chicago River (now part of the Ralph Frese Trail) and a section known as the Skokie marshes.^[9] Gas lines were installed in 1907. In 1911 North Shore Electric Light Company installed 36 street lights and the village installed a cement sidewalk along Miller's Road. The next year, water and sewer lines were completed, and the first sewerage treatment plant began operations in 1914, leading to the new Metropolitan Sanitary District Treatment Plant at Oakton Street and McCormick Road in Skokie. Morton Grove then outlawed outhouses in 1920. Meanwhile, pickle and sauerkraut plants also operated in the village from 1900 until 1915, when a pickle blight caused them to close. Morton Grove's first bank was constructed in 1912 and a theater began showing silent movies beginning in 1916.^[13]

Morton Grove continued to grow and prosper as it welcomed home those who fought in World War I, and new immigrants. Village population exceeded 1000 in the 1920 census. St. Martha's Catholic Church was founded in 1919 (Catholics having previously traveled to St. Peter's Church in Niles Center).^[14] some farmland was transformed into a small airfield north of Dempster St., and tourist flights and wing-walking continued from 1919 to 1932. One of the owners, Fred Sonne, helped form the Chicago Aerial Survey Company (and would be honored for his aerial photography in World War II). Hermine Sonne, who would marry his partner, Dick Boettcher, became the first woman in the village to fly.^[15]

As the "Jazz Age" roared on, Morton Grove also became known for its night clubs and speakeasies, especially the Dells club (originally the Huscher family residence at Austin and Dempster streets, which burned down in 1934), the Lincoln Tavern (now the American Legion hall, it burned down in 1918 and was rebuilt across the street, and became a gambling casino in the 1930s with over 400 slot machines, plus dice tables, roulette, blackjack, etc.), the Light House (later called the Coconut Grove) and the Bit and Bridle, among others. The clubs offered live music and entertainment, dancing, fine food, and ambiance (and discreetly served liquor during Prohibition). Since Evanston to the north was dry (and headquarters of the Women's Christian Temperance Union) and Skokie in between often hosted temperance lectures, Morton Grove's speakeasies drew visitors in limousines and cars from across the North Shore. The Morton Grove Chamber of Commerce & Industry was founded in 1926; the village's resident population reached 1,980 in 1930.^[16]

The Great Depression struck the village, then World War II forced it to meet further challenges. Morton Grove gained a Bell & Gossett plant in 1941, which as part of W.W. Grainger Industrial Supply remained a major employer for decades.

After World War II, a new era of growth and prosperity began as Morton Grove entered the “Baby Boom” era. The population of Morton Grove grew from 2,010 in 1940 to 3,926 by 1950, then soared to 20,533 in 1960. People seeking a better life ventured into the suburbs from Chicago and found Morton Grove, especially after the Edens Expressway opened and cut commuting time into Chicago. In addition to building new schools, Morton Grove gained a Community Church (affiliated with the Presbyterian denomination; chartered in 1951), as well as St. Luke's United Church of Christ (in 1956), the Northwest Suburban Jewish Congregation (in 1957) and Jehovah's Witnesses temple (in 1962).^[17] Also, one current resident now maintains a repository for memorials from defunct synagogues in northwest Chicago and surrounding communities.^[18] However, the railroad station was downsized in 1974, as freight traffic had declined and it was mostly used for commuters into Chicago.

The community's demographic mix continued to change from its predominantly Germanic founding. Morton Grove gained many Filipino immigrants, as well as many from Syria, India and Pakistan, so that by 2010 it had among the largest Asian communities on the North Shore.^[19] The northwest Chicago Muslim Community Center (founded in 1969) established a branch in Morton Grove and a school in Skokie.^[20] In 2000, Morton Grove had 22,451 residents (74 percent white, 22 percent Asian, 4 percent Hispanic and 0.6 percent black).^[9] The village's population reached 23,270 by the 2010 Census (66 percent white, 28 percent Asian, 4.4 percent Hispanic, 1.2 percent black and 2.7 percent identified themselves as belonging to two or more races).

Geography

According to the 2010 census, Morton Grove has a total area of 5.09 square miles (13.18 km²), all land.^[24] The North Branch of the Chicago River runs through the middle of the suburb; land along both banks is within Cook County Forest Preserve.

Demographics

As of the census of 2010,^[26] there were 23,270 people, 8,199 households, and 6,288 families residing in the village. The population density was 4,406.4 people per square mile (1,699.7/km²). There were 8,305 housing units at an average density of 1,630.0 per square mile (628.7/km²). The racial makeup of the village was 66.2% White, 1.2% African American, 28% Asian, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.40% of the population.

There were 8,199 households out of which 29.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 66.3% were married couples living together, 7.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.3% were non-families. 21.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.70 and the average family size was 3.17.

In the village, the population was spread out with 20.8% under the age of 18, 6.6% from 18 to 24, 23.4% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 21.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 44 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 88.1 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $72,697. Males had a median income of $46,489 versus $34,730 for females. The per capita income for the village was $26,973. About 1.9% of families and 2.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.3% of those under age 18 and 4.1% of those age 65 or over.

Economy

The headquarters for Alpha Delta Phi fraternity is located in Morton.^[27]

Government

The Village of Morton Grove is represented by a governing board consisting of a Village President and six Village Trustee. The President and Trustee are elected to four-year terms. The Village President is the presiding officer of Village Board meetings, as well as the Village's chief executive officer. The Village President of Morton Grove since May 13, 2013 is Mayor Daniel P. DiMaria.

Regularly scheduled Board meetings are held on the second and fourth Mondays of each month, beginning with a closed door executive session at 6:00 PM.^[29] The Village Board is the governing body of the Village and exercises all powers entrusted to it under Illinois statutes. These include police powers related to the community's health, safety and welfare.

Education

Public school districts serving Morton Grove include:^[30]

Elementary school districts:

• East Maine School District 63: Melzer School, Nelson School.^[31]
• Golf School District 67: Hynes Elementary School, Golf Middle School.^[32]
• Skokie/Morton Grove School District 69: Thomas A. Edison School, Madison School, Lincoln Junior High School.^[33][34]
• Morton Grove School District 70: Park View School.^[35]

High school districts:

• Maine Township High School District 207: Maine East High School.
• Niles Township High Schools District 219: Niles North High School and Niles West High School.

Jerusalem Lutheran School is a Christian Pre-K-8 grade school of the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod in Morton Grove.^[36]

Notable people

• Bart Conner, two-time gold medal-winning Olympic gymnast^[37]
• Mar Dinkha IV, Catholicos-Patriarch of the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East
• Jeff Garlin, actor, comedian
• Ronnie Kroell, fashion model
• Harvey Mandel, guitarist
• Marlee Matlin, Oscar-winning actress

References

External links

• Village of Morton Grove official website
• Chamber of Commerce official website