COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia

Jakarta became the first province that confirmed COVID-19 cases, while Gorontalo was the last to do so. Although four out of five most affected provinces are located on Java, the epicenter of the pandemic can be found across the archipelago since all regions, except the Moluccas, have at least one province with more than 1,000 cases. So far, Jambi is the only province with no deaths, whereas Aceh and Bangka Belitung Islands have the least number of cumulative and active cases respectively.

The detail of each cases were informed by the government only in March as the number of cases are increasing drastically.

Case	Date	Age	Sex	Nationality	Treatment facility	Source of infection	Detection location	Status	Note	Source
1	2 March 2020	31	Female	Indonesia	Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta	Person-to-person spread from a Japanese national	Depok	Tested negative for COVID-19 on 13 March.[30]	Young woman living in Depok, West Java. Came into contact with a Japanese national (who later tested positive in Malaysia) in late-February. Confirmed household transmission or person-to person spread.	[31]
2		64						Tested negative for COVID-19 on 16 March.[32]	Mother of case #1
3	6 March 2020	33	Undisclosed				Jakarta	Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March.[33]	Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread.	[34][35]
4		31							Close contact with case #1. Confirmed person-to person spread.
5	8 March 2020	55	Male							[36]
6		39			Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta	Unknown method on Diamond Princess ship	Sebaru Island, Jakarta	Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March,[37] discharged for self-quarantine.[38]	Previously worked at Diamond Princess
7	9 March 2020	59	Female		Undisclosed	Unknown method on foreign country	Undisclosed		Have travel history to other country	[39][40]
8		56	Male			Person-to-person spread			The spouse of patient #7
9		55	Female			Unknown method on foreign country			Have travel history to other country
10		29	Male	Undisclosed	Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[41]	Person-to-person spread		Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March.[33]	Foreigner, close contact with case #1.
11		54	Female						Foreigner, close contact with case #1.
12		31	Male	Indonesia	Undisclosed				Close contact with case #1
13		16	Female						Close contact with case #3
14		50	Male		Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta	Unknown method on foreign country		Tested negative for COVID-19 on 11 March,[37] discharged for self-quarantine.[38]	Have travel history to other country
15		43	Female		Undisclosed				Have travel history to other country
16		17				Person-to-person spread			Close contact with patient #15
17		56	Male			Unknown method on foreign country			Have travel history to other country
18		55
19		49			Persahabatan Central General Hospital, East Jakarta			Tested negative for COVID-19 on 12 March,[42] discharged for self-quarantine.[38]	Have travel history to other country[43]
20	10 March 2020	70	Female	Indonesia	Undisclosed	Unknown method spread at Jakarta metropolitan area[41]	Undisclosed		Close contact with case #1[43]	[44][45]
21		47							Close contact with case #1[43]
22		36				Unknown method on foreign country
23		73			Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[41]
24		46	Male		Undisclosed
25		53	Female	United Kingdom[46]	Sanglah Central General Hospital, Denpasar[46]		Bali	Died on 11 March 2020 at 02:45 local time due to complication.[47]	First person to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory.
26		46	Male	Undisclosed	Undisclosed		Undisclosed		Foreigner
27		33		Indonesia	Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[41]	First possible community transmission[48]			Close contact with case #20.[41]
28	11 March 2020	37	Male	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Unknown method on foreign country	Undisclosed			[49]
29		51
30		84
31		48	Female
32		45	Male
33		29
34		42
35	13 March 2020	57	Female	Indonesia	Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta[50]	Undisclosed	South Tangerang, Banten[51]	Died on 13 March 2020.		[52][53]
36		37			Prof. Dr. Sulianti Saroso Infectious Diseases Hospital, North Jakarta		Jakarta	Died on 13 March 2020.	First Indonesian medical worker to die[54][55]
37		43	Male		Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed
38		80	Female
39		54	Male
40		46	Female
41		40	Male
42		66
43		34
44		57
45		29	Female
46		30	Male
47		61
48		35
49		3			dr. Sardjito Central General Hospital, Yogyakarta	Undisclosed	Yogyakarta	Tested negative for COVID-19 on 20 March, discharged for self-quarantine[56]
50		59			dr. Muwardi Regional General Hospital, Solo	Undisclosed	Solo, Central Java	Died on 12 March 2020; later tested positive for COVID-19 on 13 March 2020.[57]	First Indonesian citizen to die after contracting COVID-19 within Indonesian territory.
51		60	Male		Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed
52		59	Female
53		24							Close contact with case #22.[43]
54		2	Male
55		26	Female
56		58	Male
57		27	Female
58		51	Male
59		63
60		25	Female
61		58
62		51	Male
63		34
64		49	Female
65		48	Male
66		73
67		25	Female
68		38
69		80
70–75	14 March 2020	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed		Undisclosed	[58][59]
76		63	Male	Indonesia	Gatot Soebroto Army Central Hospital, Jakarta		Jakarta	Tested negative for COVID-19 on 15 April.[60]	Budi Karya Sumadi, Indonesian Minister of Transportation.
77–96		Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed	Undisclosed		Undisclosed
97–117	15 March 2020						19 in Jakarta and 2 in Central Java			[61]
118–134	16 March 2020						14 in Jakarta, 1 in Banten, 1 in Central Java, 1 in West Java			[62]
135–172	17 March 2020						1 in Central Java, 6 in East Java, 1 in Riau Islands, 30 Unknown			[63][64][65]
173–227	18 March 2020						30 in Jakarta, 12 in West Java, 4 in Banten, 2 in Central Java, 1 in North Sumatra, 1 in Lampung, 1 in Riau, 1 in East Kalimantan, 1 in Yogyakarta, 2 Unknown			[66]
228–309	19 March 2020						50 in Jakarta, 18 in Banten, 4 in West Java, 3 in Central Java, 3 in South East Sulawesi, 2 in Yogyakarta, 2 in South Sulawesi (#285 & #286),[67] 2 in East Kalimantan, 2 in Riau Islands, 1 in East Java, 1 in North Sumatra, 1 in Riau			[68]
310–369	20 March 2020						15 in West Java, 10 in Banten, 7 in East Kalimantan, 6 in East Java, 5 in Jakarta, 3 in Bali, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in Riau Islands, 13 Unknown			[69]
370–450	21 March 2020						44 in Jakarta, 14 in West Java, 11 in East Java, 4 in Banten, 2 in Central Java, 1 in Yogyakarta, 5 Unknown			[70]
451–514	22 March 2020						39 in Jakarta, 15 in East Java, 4 in Banten, 4 in West Java, 2 in Papua, 1 in Central Java, 1 in Maluku			[71]
515–579	23 March 2020						46 in Jakarta, 9 in Banten, 3 in Bali, 2 in East Kalimantan, 1 in Jambi, 1 in North Maluku, 1 in Riau Islands, 2 Unknown			[72]
580–686	24 March 2020						71 in Jakarta, 10 in East Java, 9 in Banten, 5 in North Sumatra, 4 in Central Java, 2 in South Sulawesi, 1 in West Java, 1 in Papua, 1 in Yogyakarta, 1 in West Nusa Tenggara, 1 in South Sumatra, 1 in Central Kalimantan, 1 in West Kalimantan, 1 in South Kalimantan			[73]
687–790	25 March 2020						39 in Jakarta, 19 in Central Java, 13 in West Java, 11 in Yogyakarta, 9 in South Sulawesi, 3 in Bali, 2 in Banten, 1 in Riau, 1 in West Nusa Tenggara, 7 Unknown			[74]
791–893	26 March 2020						53 in Jakarta, 14 in South Sulawesi, 8 in East Java, 5 in West Java, 4 in Papua, 3 in West Sumatra, 2 in Central Java, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in Lampung, 1 in Aceh, 1 in Central Sulawesi, 1 in Riau, 7 Unknown			[75]
894–1,046	27 March 2020						83 in Jakarta, 20 in West Java, 17 in Banten, 7 in East Java, 6 in Yogyakarta, 3 in Aceh, 2 in Central Java, 2 in West Sumatra, 2 in South Sulawesi, 2 in West Papua, 1 in Lampung, 7 Unknown			[76]
1,047–1,155	28 March 2020						38 in Jakarta, 21 in West Java, 12 in Central Java, 11 in East Java, 10 in Banten, 6 in East Kalimantan, 4 in South Sulawesi, 2 in North Kalimantan, 1 in Central Kalimantan, 1 in Central Sulawesi, 1 in South Sumatra, 2 Unknown			[77]
1,156–1,285	29 March 2020						48 in Jakarta, 30 in West Java, 15 in South Sulawesi, 13 in East Java, 8 in Central Java, 5 in West Kalimantan, 3 in Banten, 2 in Papua, 1 in Bali, 1 in Riau, 1 in West Sulawesi, 3 Unknown			[78]
1,286–1,414	30 March 2020						25 in West Java, 24 in Jakarta, 22 in Banten, 17 in Central Java, 9 in Bali, 5 in North Sumatra, 4 in Lampung, 4 in South Kalimantan, 4 in South Sulawesi, 3 in West Sumatra, 1 in Bangka Belitung, 1 in East Java, 1 in Jambi, 1 in West Kalimantan, 1 in Riau, 1 in Riau Islands, 1 in Yogyakarta, 5 Unknown			[79]
1,415–1,528	31 March 2020						41 in Jakarta, 16 in West Java, 14 in Banten, 13 in Central Java, 6 in North Sumatra, 5 in Yogyakarta, 3 in East Kalimantan, 3 in South Sumatra, 2 in Central Kalimantan, 2 in South Kalimantan, 2 in East Java, 2 in East Nusa Tenggara, 1 in Bangka Belitung, 1 in Bengkulu, 1 Unknown			[80]

The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia classifies suspects of COVID-19 cases into two levels.[81]

• Person Under Monitoring (PUM) or Orang Dalam Pemantauan (ODP) – is a person who has fever or a history of fever and/or coughing or flu, and has traveled from other countries or regions in Indonesia that are believed to have COVID-19 human transmission or has been in contact with a PUS or a positive COVID-19 case. A PUM may be allowed quarantine at home or a government-appointed facility for 14 days with a constant inspection.
• Patient Under Supervision (PUS) or Pasien Dalam Pengawasan (PDP) – is a sick PUM showing symptoms of pneumonia or who is positive after a rapid test. He or she may be treated at a hospital.
• A confirmed case is a person, whose swab or PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test produce positive results.[81]
• Asymptomatic Person or Orang Tanpa Gejala (OTG) - is a positive COVID-19 case without showing any symptoms.

Due to lower accuracy and fear of false positives, a positive rapid test is not counted into the official number of cases. A positive case is confirmed as recovered after two consecutive swab tests within the past 14 days show negative results. Deceased patients under supervision are retroactively added into the official number of deaths after a positive swab test, but will be buried according to a COVID-19 patient procedure.

On the other hand, the provincial government of Jakarta and a few other provinces define PUM and PUS as follows.[82]

• PUM is a person who shows symptoms of fever (>38 °C (100 °F)) or has a history of fever or ARI without pneumonia and has a history of travel to an infected country or another region in Indonesia or contact with a positive COVID-19 case in the last 14 days.
• PUS is a person who shows symptoms of fever (>38 °C (100 °F)) or has a history of fever, ARI, and mild to severe pneumonia, and has a history of travel to an infected country or another region in Indonesia or contact with a positive COVID-19 case in the last 14 days.

Several travellers who had visited or transited through Bali later tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 shortly after their return to China,[83] Japan,[84] New Zealand,[85] and Singapore.[86]

An additional 50 to 70 people were put under surveillance after coming into contact with the first two confirmed COVID-19 patients. This number includes those who had visited Mitra Keluarga Hospital in Depok, the hospital the two confirmed patients were previously admitted to before being transferred to North Jakarta.[87][88]

A 37-year-old man who died in a hospital in Semarang suspected of having COVID-19 reportedly tested negative, and was instead afflicted by swine flu, probably picked up from recent travels to Spain.[89]

In West Sumatra, two people who returned from abroad died at Padang's Dr. M. Djamil Central General Hospital. On 13 March, a woman who was being treated as a suspect of COVID-19 after returning from Umrah died.[90] On 16 March, a 47-year-old man from Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia landed at Minangkabau International Airport, showing symptoms of COVID-19.[91][92][93] He was subsequently hospitalized at Padang's hospital and died on the same day.[94]

Treatment Facilities List[95]

Indonesia banned all flights from and to Mainland China starting from 5 February. The government also stopped giving free visa and visa on arrival for Chinese nationals. Those who live or have stayed in Mainland China in the previous 14 days have been barred from entering or transiting through Indonesia. Indonesians are discouraged from travelling to China.[96]

Starting on 8 March, travel restrictions expanded to include Daegu and Gyeongsangbuk-do in South Korea, Lombardy, Veneto and Emilia-Romagna regions of Italy, and Tehran and Qom in Iran. Visitors with travel history within these countries but outside the aforementioned regions have to provide a valid health certificate during check in for all transportation into Indonesia.[97] Despite the restriction on travellers from South Korea, Indonesia is still allowing flights from the country.[98]

The Ministry of Health ordered the installation of thermal scanners for at least 135 airport gates and port docks,[99][100] and announced that provisioning over 100 hospitals with isolation rooms (to WHO-recommended standards) would begin.[101] Starting on 4 March, Jakarta MRT also began scanning the temperature of passengers entering the stations and denying access to those with symptoms of high fever.[102] Other public places such as mall and school also began to scan people at all their entrances.

After the first victim died, the Indonesian government admitted that they have difficulties in detect incoming imported cases on airports, doing contact tracing and also location history for each case.[103]

The Indonesian government plans to turn a site on Galang Island, previously used as a refugee camp for Vietnamese asylum seekers into a 1,000-bed medical facility specially equipped to handle the coronavirus outbreak and other infectious diseases.[104]

On 13 March, the government designated 132 treatment facilities across Indonesia.[95] On 18 March, 227 additional hospitals (109 military hospitals, 53 police Hospitals and 65 state-owned enterprises hospitals) are provisioned to cover more patients across the country.[105] The government also established the COVID-19 Response Acceleration Task Force.[106] Doni Monardo has been appointed to lead this team.[107] On the same day, Minister of Home Affairs Tito Karnavian urged all of Indonesian regional leaders to suspend all non-essential travel to foreign country.[108]

On 15 March, President Widodo has called on all Indonesians to practice what epidemiologists call social distancing to slow the spread of COVID-19 in the country.[109] Indonesian tax authorities announced that they will move back the tax reporting deadline to 30 April 2020.[110]

On 16 March, the Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises instructed its employees ages 50 and above to work from home.[111] President Joko Widodo also clarified that the decision to implement lockdown on cities or regencies are only to be made after consultation with the central government.[112]

As schools were closing in some regions, Minister of Education Nadiem Makarim announced readiness of the Ministry of Education to assist schools in online learning by providing free teaching platforms.[113] Minister of Finance Sri Mulyani also announced a shifting of infrastructure budget of 1 trillion IDR into healthcare and pandemic prevention.[114]

Former Asian Games athletes village turned into COVID-19 hospital

On 17 March, COVID-19 health protocols have been released to public.[115][116] Ministry of Foreign Affairs also expanded the travel restriction to temporary abolish visa free entry to Indonesia for one month and deny transit or arrival for visitors who have been in Iran, Italy, Vatican City, Spain, France, Germany, Switzerland, and United Kingdom within the past 14 days.[117]

On 18 March, the government launched covid19.go.id site, an official source of accurate information on controlling the spread of coronavirus in Indonesia.[118][119] On the same day, The Ministry of Finance also announced that Kemayoran Athletes Village, a former athlete's housing for the 2018 Asian Games will be converted to house COVID-19 patients who show only mild symptoms after consultation from doctors.[120][121][122] The conversion was officially completed on 23 March.[123]

On 19 March, Bank of Indonesia decided to slash the bank rate to 4.5%, in addition to 6 other fiscal policies, in the attempt to shore up the economy amidst the COVID-19 crisis.[124] On the same day, the chief of the Indonesian National Police Idham Azis published a notice for all policeman to enforce social distancing by dispersing assemblies at public places.[125]

On 27 March, the government is mulling over a plan to ban this year's Idul Fitri mudik (exodus) to prevent city dwellers from spreading the coronavirus to towns and villages across the archipelago.[126]

On 30 March, President Widodo refuses to impose lockdown on Jakarta. Bus routes connecting Jakarta and other cities and provinces will remain open following the cancellation of a plan to temporarily suspend operations of Greater Jakarta-based intercity and interprovincial (AKAP) buses.[127][128]

On 31 March, Indonesia announces Rp 405 trillion COVID-19 budget, anticipates a 5% deficit in a historic move. The government will allocate Rp 75 trillion for healthcare spending, Rp 110 trillion for social protection, and Rp 70.1 trillion for tax incentives and credit for enterprises. The biggest chunk, Rp 150 trillion, will be set aside for economic recovery programs including credit restructuring and financing for small and medium businesses.[129]

On 13 April, President Joko Widodo declared COVID-19 as a national disaster after it infected 4,557 individuals and caused 399 deaths in Indonesia. Prof. Mahfud MD as Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs (Indonesia) said its national disaster cannot be based for force majeure.[130]

On 21 April, President Joko Widodo announced his decision to ban the Idul Fitri mudik (exodus) starting from 24 April to curb the spread of COVID-19 ahead of Ramadan.[131] To help with this effort, travel by intercity bus travel is banned until 31 May, commercial and charter flights until 1 June, sea transportation until 8 June, and long-distance passenger trains until 15 June.[132][133]

In late April, President Widodo asked the United States for medical equipments, including ventilators via phone call to President Donald Trump. To which President Trump, in April 24, responded he will provide and also reiterated the intent to strengthen economic cooperation between the two.[134][135]

To reduce the impact of COVID-19 pandemic to the national economy, the government releases an IDR 10.3 trillion stimulus policy to the tourism sector, in the form of ticket price discounts and restaurant tax deductions. The IDR 10.3 trillion budget is given to provide discounted ticket prices for 10 tourist destinations, such as Batam, Denpasar, Yogyakarta, Labuan Bajo, Lombok, Malang, Manado, Lake Toba (Silangit Airport), Tanjung Pandan, and Tanjungpinang, which applies from March to May 2020. Ticket prices for low-cost airlines are discounted by 50%, medium-service by 48%, and full-service by 45%.[136] Specifically for this ticket price discount, the stimulus fund comes from the IDR 444.39 billion-state budget (APBN) for a discounted value of 30% and 25% of passengers per flight.[137] Additionally, there are additional ticket discounts paid by Angkasa Pura I and Angkasa Pura II in the amount of Rp100 billion and PT Pertamina (Persero) in the amount of Rp260 billion through avtur price discounts, so the total ticket price stimulus is IDR 960 billion so that the ticket price can be discounted by 50%.[138]

The stimulus in the form of restaurant taxes borne by the central government was also provided with a value of Rp3.3 trillion. Thus, there is no restaurant tax in the ten tourist destinations above, but as compensation, the local government will get a grant from the central government.[137]

• Jakarta: 20 March – 19 April[139][140]
• Depok: 18 March – 29 May[139]
• Yogyakarta: 20 March – 29 May[139]
• Bogor: 15 March – 29 May[139]
• East Java: 14 March – 29 May[139]
• Banten: 15 March – 29 May[139]
• East Kalimantan: 18 March – 29 May[139]
• West Kalimantan: 10 March – 29 May[139]
• West Java: 19 March – 29 May[139]
• Papua: 17 March – 17 April[141]
• Aceh: 20 March – 29 May[142]
• North Sumatra: 31 March – 29 May[143]
• South Kalimantan: 22 March – 29 May[144]

Example of do's and don'ts during PSBB period, here issued by KPU in South Tangerang.

Specific regions can apply for a request for large-scale social restrictions (PSBB) to the Ministry of Health alongside proof of endemic and mitigation steps.[145] Should it be approved, a date will be set by the local government and will run for at least two weeks.

Under the current restrictions, all public transportation options must operate with reduced hours and capacity. Non-essential businesses and stores are required to be closed. Restaurants and food stalls are open for takeaway and delivery only; markets and essential business can may open with social distancing. Depending on the area, private transportation requires a limitation of passengers and a mask obligation will also be in effect.[146][147][148][149]

On 12 March, acting Aceh governor Nova Iriansyah advised Acehnese to stay away from vices and activities that are incompatible with religious and Islamic sharia values.[177]

On 15 March, due to the rapid rise of the number of coronavirus infections in the country, the province of Aceh decided to close schools until further notice.[178]

On 16 March, the city of Sabang started to implement travel restrictions to forbid foreign visitors from traveling to their city.[179]

On 20 March, Nova Iriansyah declared a "province-scale" state of emergency in Aceh for 71 days, lasting until 29 May.[142]

On 15 March, Governor of Banten Wahidin Halim declares "extraordinary event" and decides to close all schools for 2 weeks.[180]

On 13 March, the city of Solo in Central Java decided to close all primary schools (SD) and junior high school's (SMP) for next 2 weeks, after three positive cases are found in the city.[181] The mayor of Solo F. X. Hadi Rudyatmo has also declared that the area is under "extraordinary event".[182] On the same day, the Regency of Sragen decided to close all schools from kindergarten to junior high school throughout the regency for at least a week, while closure of senior high school in the regency would be decided by the provincial government.[183]

On 14 March, Central Java governor Ganjar Pranowo decided to close all kindergarten to junior high schools in the province. High schools would remain open during the examination season.[184] The city of Salatiga followed the same decision on 15 March. The city government would also provide a total of Rp. 3 billion for medical support.[185]

On 25 March, the governor announced that schools under control of the provincial government will postpone their opening until 13 April.[186]

On 26 March, the city of Solo,[187] Semarang,[188] Salatiga,[189] and Sukoharjo Regency[188] announced that kindergarten, primary, and junior high school's opening will be postponed until 13 April.

On 27 March, despite statements from President Jokowi that lockdowns are the authority of the central government, mayor of Tegal Dedy Yon Supriyono announced that Tegal would be on lockdown. He ordered that 49 road access to the city to be barricaded with movable concrete barriers, and visitors from outside will be thoroughly checked and have to undergo a 14-day quarantine period.[190] On the other hand, the Governor of Central Java Ganjar Pranowo insisted that the blockade will only happen at some part of the city of Tegal, not on the whole city.[191]

Location of reported COVID-19 cases in Jakarta as of 2 April 2020 [192]

On 2 March, in response to the confirmed cases, DKI Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan halted the issuance of permits for large gatherings.[193] These including concerts by Foals, Babymetal, Head in the Clouds, and Dream Theater.[194][195]

On 13 March, after 69 positive COVID-19 cases, several tourist destinations in Jakarta including Ancol Dreamland, multiple government-managed museums, Ragunan Zoo and Monas were closed for 2 weeks.[196][197][198] The Islamic organization Muhammadiyah formed a "command centre" allocating 20 hospitals in the country to handle the outbreak, with the centre being led by emergency medicine specialist Corona Rintawan.[199]

On 14 March, Jakarta governor Anies Baswedan decided to suspend all school activities and examinations for two weeks in response to prevent further spread of the virus in the capital city of Jakarta.[200]

On 15 March, Jakarta provincial government prepared 500 to 1,000 beds for patient under investigation (PUI) that will be placed on designated COVID-19 treatment facilities.[201]

On 16 March, MRT Jakarta, LRT and Transjakarta started to reduce number of trips, corridors and timetables (06.00 - 18.00), however, this policy was retracted due to long queue in many bus stops and train stations in morning.[202][203][204] Odd-even policy will be halted during outbreak.[205]

On 20 March, Anies Baswedan declared a state of emergency in Jakarta for the next 14 days, lasting until 2 April.[206]

On 28 March, Jakarta provincial government extends the state of emergency until 19 April.[140]

On 2 April, Anies Baswedan Allocates Rp3tn to Fight Coronavirus Outbreak, and the budget will be used to fund the city's fight against the virus up until May this year, by gradually allocating Rp1.3 trillion and an additional Rp2 trillion[207]

Jakarta's application for curfew was approved by the Ministry of Health on 7 April and is set to take effect from Friday, 10 April for at least two weeks.[208]

On 21 April, Jakarta Govt Prepares 136 Schools as Isolation Area for COVID-19 and the policy is currently still a proposal waiting for approval from the Education Office.[209]

Location of confirmed and suspected COVID-19 cases in East Java (4 May 2020).

On 15 March, the city of Malang announced that they will close all schools for two weeks. The closure will begin on 16 March.[210]

On the same day, the Governor of East Java Khofifah Indar Parawansa ordered the closure of all schools throughout the province. Educational institutions were advised to cancel any kind of student exchange until an indefinite time. However national examination in the province would not be postponed.[211]

On 16 March, the mayor of Malang Sutiaji decided to close all access to the city (lockdown), starting on 18 March. As of 16 March, there is no positive COVID-19 in Malang or the province of East Java.[212] He would later clarify that the lockdown only applies to the government of Malang, not the general populace.[213]

On 20 March, Khofifah declared a state of emergency for East Java.[214]

On 31 March, the provincial government of North Sumatra declared a state of emergency until 29 May 2020.[215]

On 24 March, the provincial government of Papua decided to close any in and out access to Papua except for logistics and medical workers starting from 26 March for 14 days.[216] Indonesian Minister of Home Affairs Tito Karnavian disagreed with the decision, saying that the central government's advice to the regional governments is not to close transportation, but to ban mass gatherings.[217]

On 30 March, Jakabaring Athletes Village, a former athlete's housing for the 2018 Asian Games in Palembang, was appointed by the Governor of South Sumatera Herman Deru to be the house of PUM's treatment (ODP Center). He named it as "COVID-19 Healthy House" (Rumah Sehat COVID-19).[218]

On 14 March, the city of Depok and Bogor decided to close all schools from kindergarten to senior high school until 28 March 2020.[219][220] This decision was also followed by the city of Bandung, in which the city opted to close schools for the next two weeks and advised schools to hold online teachings.[221]

On 15 March, West Java COVID-19 distribution map has been released to public.[222] The Regency of Bogor implement "semi-lockdown" on tourist area Puncak for foreign visitors, to prevent them from entering the area.[223] Jalak Harupat, Pakansari and Patriot Chandrabragha stadiums are being prepared for COVID-19 Mass Rapid Test.[224]

Applications for large-scale social distancing for Depok city, Bogor city & regency, and Bekasi city & regency, all of which belong to the Jakarta metropolitan area, were approved on 11 April and will be in effect on 15 April for at least two weeks.[225]

On 15 March, the governor decided to impose quarantine for all students from kindergarten to senior high school level in the province until a date which is yet to be decided. During the quarantine period, students must stay at their homes for studying. An exception is given for final year senior/vocational high school students on their respective national final examinations date.[226]

In response of the outbreak, multiple universities opted to cancel classes and instead would teach students online.

On 16 March, at least 17 universities across Indonesia confirmed that conventional face-to-face lectures would be cancelled and would be replaced by online classes. Graduations and gatherings were cancelled and students and lecturers who had gone abroad from countries with confirmed coronavirus cases with any reasons should self-isolate at home. As of 14 March, numerous universities have closed their classes, such as Universitas Indonesia (UI),[227] Universitas Gajah Mada (UGM), Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB), Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya, Universitas Gunadharma, Universitas Multimedia Nusantara (UMN), Sekolah Tinggi Akuntansi Negara (STAN), Kalbis Institut, Binus University, Universitas Atmajaya, London School Public Relations (LSPR), Universitas Yarsi, Universitas Pelita Harapan (UPH), Telkom University, Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta (UAJY),[228] Universitas Hasanuddin (UNHAS),[229] Universitas Tarumanegara (UNTAR), Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB),[230] and Universitas Al-Azhar Indonesia (UAI).[231][232]University of Brawijaya, a university in Malang, creates a disinfection chamber as an effort to contain the coronavirus.[233]

Mandatory temperature checks warning in healthcare centres in Indonesia due to COVID-19 outbreaks in the country. (March 2020)

On 14 March, Tokopedia and Gojek have begun trial for work at home operations.[234][235]

On 15 March, Unilever Indonesia announced work-from-home policy for their office site, this policy will be started on 16 March until further notice.[236]

On 16 March, Telkomsel, Bank Mandiri, Indonesian Financial Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre and Bank Indonesia announced work-from-home and split-team policy, these policies will be started on 17 March until further notice.[237][238][239]

On 28 March, Indonesia Air Asia (QZ) suspend all domestic and international flights to overcome spread of pandemic. All domestic flights suspended between 1 April and 21 April 2020 while international flights between 1 April and 17 May 2020.[240] AirAsia to resume operations in Indonesia on 7 May.[241]

Mayapada Group founder, Dato Sri Tahir donated Rp. 52b in form of Personal protective equipment, medical drugs, disinfectant, operational vehicles and also accommodation.[242]

On 31 March, Grab donated US$10 Mio to reduce COVID-19 impact in Indonesia.[243]

On 16 March, Indonesian Council of Ulama (MUI) and Muhammadiyah urge to substitute Friday prayer with Zuhr prayer and not to attend any religious activities within heavily virus-plagued areas.[244][245]

On 31 March, Muhammadiyah advises Muslims to not perform tarawih in Ramadan and Idul Fitri prayers.[246]

Health experts are concerned that the country is failing to identify the transmission of the virus.[252] Marc Lipsitch, professor of epidemiology at the Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, "analysed air traffic out of the Chinese city at the centre of the outbreak in China and suggested in a report ... that Indonesia might have missed cases" of coronavirus disease 2019.[253][254][255] Western diplomats[256][257][258] as well as local[252][259] and international[260][261][262] news outlets postulated that the lack of cases within Indonesia result from inadequate testing and under reporting, as opposed to sheer luck and divine intervention.[263][264]

On 22 March, a research suggested that the official number of infections may only reflect 2% of the real COVID-19 infections in Indonesia.[265][266] According to The Jakarta Post on 5 April 2020, the central government has only conducted a daily average of 240 PCR tests since 2 March.[267]

The government faced backlash after instead pledging to set aside IDR 72 billion ($5m) to pay for social media influencers to attract tourists to Indonesia.[268]

Indonesian president Joko Widodo is also criticized by Indonesian Chamber of Commerce and Industry,[269] human rights groups,[270] and also by political party such as Golkar and PKS[271][272] for lack of transparency regarding the information of the COVID-19. Widodo have insisted not to share the travel history details of the patients that tested positive with coronavirus in an attempt to reduce panic and uneasiness in the general public.[273] The public had asked the government to release official national map of COVID-19 confirmed cases' location, as unofficial independent maps may provide incorrect data.[274]

Reports have surfaced about patients in Greater Jakarta having to wait for a long time to get tests or treatment for possible cases of the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) as referral hospitals face the increasing strain.[275]

Joko Widodo has come under increased pressure to impose a partial lockdown on virus-plagued areas, with scientists saying the country is racing against time to curb the spread of COVID-19 before Eid al-Fitr and that a community quarantine could be the only solution to do exactly that.[276] On 16 March, Jokowi said lockdown policies are the authority of the central government, and warned the local government to not impose lockdown without the consent of the central authority.[277]

On 27 March, dozens of Indonesian medical professors have called for "local lockdowns", saying that the government's policy of physical distancing is not "effective". The government is drafting a regulation (PP) to stipulate the procedures and requirements for imposing regional quarantines.[278][279]

Some critics of the government have been arrested for allegedly spreading false information about the coronavirus pandemic.[280]

According to a report from Reuters, as of 28 April 2020, there were around 2,200 patients who had died with coronavirus symptoms, but not included into the official death toll of 693. This suggests that Indonesia has a higher death rate than the official counts.[281] An analysis by Financial Times showed that there were 1,400 more deaths in Jakarta compared to the historical average number of deaths in March and April. This excess deaths figure is 15 times the official figure of 90 COVID-19 deaths in this same period.[282]

"Ramadan exodus" contributed to the spread of the virus in Indonesia,[283] despite government regulations on social distancing and despite a lockdown slated to run until June.[284]

Also, despite the travel restrictions which suspends all passengers to travel outside areas with at least one confirmed case, many Indonesians disregarded it and have attempted to evade the travel restrictions in order to return to hometown during Eid al-Fitr season. This has caused scientists to raise concern that this evasion will lead to the diseases which can spread easily from Jakarta and nearby satellite cities, where it is the epicenter of the pandemic, to other regions of Indonesia with weak medical facilities which are unable to handle large numbers of outbreak.[285]

There are also few attempts on evading the travel restrictions which had been discovered by the police department, such as one of the cargo trucks was stopped only to found out the intermodal container is hiding a car with passengers inside to be transported from Java to Sumatra, and additional four cargo trucks were also detained when the driver attempting to bring 20 passengers from Jakarta inside the containers which were covered with tarpaulin.[285]

Despite the temporary closure of the HM Sampoerna due to two workers died from coronavirus, with additional 63 workers were test positive, Pandu Riono, the epidemiologist from University of Indonesia reported that other cigarette factories in East and West Java continue to operate without practicing social distancing and workers never wear face mask. This sparks concern that the cigarette factories could create new cluster for the coronavirus outbreak considering that this industry usually has large workforce.[285]

Surgical face masks in Indonesia have soared in price by over six times the original retail value from around IDR 30,000 to IDR 185,000 (some sources said it exceeds IDR 300,000) per box in some outlets after the announcement of two citizens test positive for the new coronavirus.[286] Panic buying had been reported since mid-February before the first cases were confirmed.[287] President of Indonesia Joko Widodo has warned against hoarding of face masks and hand sanitizers[288] and Indonesian National Police has started to crack down on suspected hoarders.[289]

Following the worldwide trend of stock price drops, the IDX Composite weakened even before the first confirmation of the disease in Indonesia.[291] In response to expected economic slowdown in Indonesia due to loss of Chinese economic activity, Bank Indonesia cut its interest rates by 25 basis points to 4.75% on 20 February.[292]

On 12 March, as WHO declares pandemic, IDX Composite tumbled 4.2 percent to 4,937 when Thursday's session was opened, a level unseen in almost four years.[293]

On 13 March, equity trading halted for first time since 2008 over pandemic.[294]

On 17 March, Rupiah weakens to IDR 15,000 per dollar, touching a level unseen since October 2018.[295][296]

JKSE Composite Index 14 days after case#1 (2 March 2020)

On 19 March, IDX Composite halted because of the sharp downturn of more than 5 percent. This is the fourth trading halt that IDX Composite experienced during the coronavirus crisis. Indonesia Financial Service Authority or OJK have mandated a suspension of trading if IDX Composite fell down more than 15 percent.[297]

Numbers of shopping malls started to voluntarily close due to declining foot traffic; only pharmacies, groceries and ATM still operate with limited hours.[298]

Indonesian Finance Minister predicted that Indonesian economic growth Q2 can drop to 0.3 percent or even minus 2.6 percent, but in Q3 can recover to 1.5 to 2.8 percent.[299]

Indonesia's economic growth in the first quarter of 2020 stood at 2.97 percent, but it is the weakest economic growth recorded since 2001.[300]

Indonesian tourism has been severely affected. In March, overall tourist numbers has fallen by 64%, and Chinese tourists by 97%.[301] Bali, where tourism accounts for 60% of GRP, has saw its foreign tourist arrivals fallen by 93.2% in April.[302] Hotels are taking on a meager occupancy rate, with some hotels experiencing 5% and even 0% occupancy rate due to overspecialization on Chinese visitors, increasing travel restrictions from source countries, and an overall fear of the virus.[303] There is, however, an increase in interest for domestic tourism,[304] and Chinese tourists already on the island have generally opted to extend their stay.[305] All beaches in Bali are temporarily closed for public.[306] The Papua National Sports Week (PON) 2020, which was initially slated for October, will be postponed.[307]

A beach in Padang appear to be quiet as the Indonesian government calls on the public to implement social distancing

Jakarta ePrix race of the 2019–20 Formula E season will also be postponed due to coronavirus concerns.[308] The city's Capital Investment and One-Stop Service (PM-PTSP) announced it plans to postpone any public events with mass-gatherings from March to April following the news of increasing number of COVID-19 cases to 27.[309]

Numerous music events such has by Rich Brian, Hammersonic, Dream Theater, Babymetal, Slipknot, ONE OK ROCK, and electronic dance music festival "We Are Connected" has been suspended in the country because of the coronavirus concerns.[310][311][312][313][314]

Several local films, such as KKN di Desa Penari, Tersanjung The Movie, and Generasi 90-an: Melankolia, has been delayed, also because of the novel coronavirus pandemic.[315][316][317]

Indonesia International Motor Show 2020 will be postponed due to the coronavirus crisis.[318]

Indonesian Wikipedia gathering (along with other Indonesian languages edition, such as Javanese Wikipedia, Sundanese Wikipedia, Minangkabau Wikipedia, etc.) called "WikiNusantara" (similar to Wikimania but on national scale) scheduled at the end of March in Padang is cancelled.[319]