Palangka Raya

Palangka Raya is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Central Kalimantan. The city is situated between the Kahayan and the Sabangau rivers on the island of Borneo. The closest airport serving the city is Tjilik Riwut.[3]

Palangka Raya
City
City of Palangka Raya
Kota Palangka Raya
From top, right to left:
Sukarno Monument, Islamic Center of Palangka Raya, Youth Statue, Bird Round of central park, University of Palangka Raya, and some of local parliament offices.
Seal
Location within Central Kalimantan
Palangka Raya
Location in Kalimantan and Indonesia
Palangka Raya
Palangka Raya (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 2°12′36″S 113°55′12″E
Country Indonesia
Province Central Kalimantan
Founded17 July 1957
Government
 • MayorFairid Naparin
 • Vice MayorHj. Umi Mastikah
Area
 • Total2,678.51 km2 (1,034.18 sq mi)
Elevation
5 m (16 ft)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total276,647[1]
Demographics
 • Religion[1]Islam 69.31%
Protestant 26.51%
Catholic 1.88%
Hindu 1.59%
Kaharingan 0.53%
Buddhist 0.17
Confucian 0.004%
Time zoneUTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Area code(+62) 536
HDI (2018) 0.803 (Very High)[2]
Websitepalangkaraya.go.id

The city had a population of 220,962 inhabitants at the 2010 census[4] (compared with 158,770 at the previous census in 2000), with an average population density of 92.1 per km² (Indonesian Population Census 2010 results). The latest official estimate (as at January 2014) is 236,601.

The city was established in 1957 (Emergency Law 10/1957 on the establishment of the Autonomous Region Central Kalimantan Level I)[5] on wilderness that opened through the Pahandut village alongside Kahayan river banks. Palangka Raya is the largest city by land area in Indonesia.[6] Most of the area is still forested, including protected forests, nature conservation areas, and Tangkiling Forest.[7]

The city was the favorite candidate to become the new Indonesian capital[8][9][10] until the 2019 announcement that the new capital will be in North Penajam Paser Regency and Kutai Kartanegara Regency, both in East Kalimantan.[11][12]

History
The Kahayan River through the city of Palangka Raya.

Kalimantan Tengah (Central Kalimantan) province was established on 23 May 1957. The first Indonesian president, Sukarno, initiated construction of the city of Palangka Raya, the capital of the new province. Initially, it was planned as the new capital of Indonesia to replace Jakarta.[6] In 1957, when President Sukarno inaugurated a monument in the place that was then still called Pahandut, he expressed his desire to make the city the new republic’s future capital.[13] It was never carried through, although it has been mooted various other times - most recently in 2019 by Joko Widodo wanting to move the capital out of Java, with Palangka Raya again rumoured to be a favourite.[14]

The first pillar of Palangka Raya City development was done[15] by the President of the Republic of Indonesia at the time, Sukarno on 17 July 1957 marked the inauguration of the monument to the provincial capital of Central Kalimantan in Pahandut. Then, based on Law No. 21 of 1958, Pahandut was renamed to Palangka Raya City, maintaining its status as the provincial seat.[16]

Etymology

Palangka Raya consists of a combination of two words which are from the Dayak Ngaju Language and Sanskrit. Palangka (Ngaju) means a sacred site and raya (Sanskrit) means vast, thus Palangka Raya means a vast sacred site.[17]

Administrative districts

Prior to decentralization in 2001, Palangka Raya had two administrative districts, namely Pahandut and Bukit Batu. Now, Palangka Raya consists of five administrative districts: Pahandut, Jekan Raya, Bukit Batu, Sebangau, and Rakumpit.

Kahayan Bridge, Palangka Raya

Transport

The city is served by Tjilik Riwut Airport. An aviation academy has been set up by Lion Air.[18]

Education

Palangka Raya is a home to number of universities University of Palangka Raya, State Islamic Institute of Palangka Raya, Sekolah Tinggi Agama Hindu Tampung Penyang (STAHN-TP) Palangka Raya, LP3I, and Sekolah Tinggi Agama Kristen (STAKN) Palangka Raya.

Some major private universities in Palangka Raya are: Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangka Raya,[19] STMIK Palangka Raya, Christian University of Palangka Raya,[20] STIH Palangka Raya, Universitas PGRI Palangka Raya, STIE Palangka Raya, STIP Bunga Bangsa Palangka Raya, Poltekkes Palangka Raya, STIPAS Palangka Raya, and STIKES Eka Harap Palangka Raya.

Healthcare

The central state hospital in Palangka Raya is the Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah (RSUD) dr Doris Sylvanus.[21] The city is also served by several private hospitals including Rumah Sakit Islam Muhammadiyah,[22] Rumah Sakit Awal Bros Batang Pambelum[23] and Rumah Sakit Siloam.[24]

Climate

Palangka Raya has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round.

Climate data for Palangka Raya
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 29.3
(84.7)		 30.0
(86.0)		 30.3
(86.5)		 30.9
(87.6)		 31.0
(87.8)		 30.7
(87.3)		 31.1
(88.0)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.9
(89.4)		 31.5
(88.7)		 30.8
(87.4)		 30.1
(86.2)		 30.8
(87.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 25.7
(78.3)		 26.3
(79.3)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.9
(80.4)		 27.0
(80.6)		 26.5
(79.7)		 26.7
(80.1)		 27.1
(80.8)		 27.2
(81.0)		 26.9
(80.4)		 26.7
(80.1)		 26.4
(79.5)		 26.7
(80.0)
Average low °C (°F) 22.2
(72.0)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.9
(73.2)		 23.0
(73.4)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.3
(72.1)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.6
(72.7)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.6
(72.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 269
(10.6)		 268
(10.6)		 295
(11.6)		 272
(10.7)		 256
(10.1)		 156
(6.1)		 126
(5.0)		 125
(4.9)		 152
(6.0)		 166
(6.5)		 242
(9.5)		 271
(10.7)		 2,598
(102.3)
Source: [25]

References
  1. ""Kota Palangka Raya Dalam Angka 2016"". Palangkakota.bps.go.id. 15 July 2016. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  2. "Pembangunan Manusia | Kota Palangka Raya". ipm.bps.go.id. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  3. "Tjilik Riwut". World Aero Data. Retrieved 19 January 2014.
  4. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  5. "Emergency Law 10/1957 or Undang-Undang Darurat Nomor 10 Tahun 1957" (in Indonesian).
  6. http://politik.news.viva.co.id/news/read/167865-mengapa-palangkaraya-paling-pas-jadi-ibukota
  7. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. Hidayat, Rifki (July 2017). "Dari Sukarno hingga Jokowi, mengapa Palangkaraya selalu jadi primadona ibu kota baru?". BBC Indonesia.
  9. Saugy, Riyandi (April 2017). "4 Alasan Presiden Jokowi pindahkan ibu kota ke Palangkaraya". Merdeka.com.
  10. Simbolon, Huyugo (October 2017). "Palangka Raya Kandidat Ibu Kota RI, Kalteng Bangun Tugu Pancasila". Liputan6.
  11. Kusuma, Hendra (26 August 2019). "Resmi! Jokowi Putuskan Ibu Kota RI Pindah ke Kaltim". detikfinance (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  12. Picheta, Rob (26 August 2019). "Indonesia will build its new capital city in Borneo as Jakarta sinks into the Java Sea". CNN. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  13. Nasrudin Ansori, "Cruising the Dream Capital", Garuda Magazine, September 2010
  14. "What will it take to move Indonesia's capital - and is it even possible?". SBS News. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
  15. "Tugu di Palangkaraya Ini Dibangun Soekarno saat Menggagas Rencana Ibu Kota Negara Indonesia". Kaltim Tribun News. 2017.
  16. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 20 September 2013.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  17. "Asal-Usul Nama Palangkaraya". 5 November 2012. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  18. Hakim, Abdul Djalil (15 February 2013). "Lion Air Bangun Sekolah Pilot di Palangkaraya". Tempo. Retrieved 29 April 2019.
  19. "Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangka Raya | Unggul Membangun Prestasi". umpalangkaraya.ac.id. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  20. "Universitas Kristen Palangka Raya". Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  21. dinkes (9 November 2017). "RSUD DORIS SYLVANUS". Dinas Kesehatan Kota Palangka Raya (in Indonesian). Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  22. "RSI PKU Muhammadiyah Palangka Raya". www.rsipalangkaraya.co.id. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  23. "Palangka Raya". RS Awal Bros. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  24. "Siloam-Hospitals-Palangka Raya". www.siloamhospitals.com. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
  25. https://en.climate-data.org/location/5641

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