Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on association football

Club football

By 25th May, 2020 Ýokary Liga,[1][2] Belarusian Premier League and Liga Primera de Nicaragua were the only three known top flight national football leagues not suspended.[3]

Asia

In China, the 2020 Chinese Super League was postponed as a result of the virus.[4] In Hong Kong, the 2020 Lunar New Year Cup was cancelled on 23 January.[5] Other leagues in Asia were affected, including South Korea's K League 1 and Japan's J1 League.[6][7] The AFC Champions League and AFC Cup was also impacted, a number of group stage and play-off matches being postponed.[8]

According to K League of South Korea announcement, 2020 K League 1 returned on 8 May, changed from original scheduling start from 29 February.

In India, the remaining I-League matches were postponed and the Indian Super League final was played behind closed doors.[9]

Owing to the surge in new Covid-19 cases, the Beijing Municipal Sports Competitions Administration Centre announced on June 15, 2020, the suspension of 2020 CSL season. No new start date has been announced yet with uncertainty around the season taking place this year at all.[10]

Europe

In Europe, various knockout matches in the Champions League and Europa League were played behind closed doors in February and March 2020.[11][12] On 12 March 2020, UEFA announced that the elite qualification round of the men and women's under-17 and under-19 youth international tournaments had been postponed.[13] The following day, UEFA postponed all fixtures for the following week in the Champions League, Europa League and Youth League.[14]

Many of the domestic European leagues were impacted in February and March 2020. After various fixtures were rescheduled or played behind closed doors, Serie A was postponed on 9 March 2020.[15] On 12 March, La Liga and the Segunda División were suspended for at least two weeks after a Real Madrid basketball player tested positive for the virus, which resulted in Real Madrid's footballers being put in quarantine.[16] The Eredivisie was also suspended (it was officially declared abandoned on 24 April with no champion awarded),[17] while Ligue 1 and the Bundesliga followed suit shortly afterwards (Ligue 1 would eventually end on 27 April after the French Prime Minister ordered all sporting events to be cancelled until 1 September, with Paris Saint-Germain being declared champions).[18][19][20] The Bundesliga eventually returned on 16 May following the suspension of play.

On 10 March, the Premier League match between Manchester City and Arsenal, due to be played the next day, was postponed after a number of Arsenal players made close contact with Olympiacos owner Evangelos Marinakis, who had tested positive for coronavirus, when the two teams had met in the Europa League 13 days earlier.[21] Arsenal manager Mikel Arteta tested positive for the disease, prompting the team's Premier League match against Brighton & Hove Albion for that weekend to also be postponed.[22] As of 13 March, there has been at least one recorded case of the disease affecting a player in the aforementioned leagues; Serie A footballers Daniele Rugani and Manolo Gabbiadini, 2. Bundesliga footballer Timo Hübers, and Premier League footballer Callum Hudson-Odoi.[23][24] Rugani tested positive while being asymptomatic.[25] On 13 March, English elite football was suspended until early April, including the Premier League, English Football League, FA Women's Super League and FA Women's Championship.[26]

By 19 March, the Belarusian Premier League was the only active top flight in all 55 UEFA member associations.[27]

On 5 May 2020, Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL) chief executive Neil Doncaster summarised the situation in his country during a video conference involving the Scottish Football Association, Scottish Rugby and others in respect of the COVID-19 pandemic; he stated that "gate receipts make up a far higher proportion of our income than in England, which benefits from huge TV deals, so until we get back to playing in front of crowds, our game will remain in grave peril."[28]

In June 2020, chairman of Premier League football side Tottenham Hotspur Daniel Levy, revealed that the club has taken a loan of £175m from the Bank of England. The chairman said that money has been taken to tackle with the gripping effects of coronavirus pandemic on the club. [29]

North America

On 12 March 2020, the CONCACAF Champions League was suspended with immediate effect.[30]

The same day, Major League Soccer was suspended for 30 days.[31]

Also on 12 March, the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL), whose season was not scheduled to start until 18 April, canceled its preseason matches,[32] and also imposed a moratorium on team training that initially ran through 22 March.[33]

On 19 March, Major League Soccer's suspension was extended to a target return date of 10 May.[34] On 14 April, MLS announced that it was "extremely unlikely based on the guidance of federal and local public health authorities" that they would meet this target, and stated that "our goal remains to play as many games as possible, and while we currently have enough dates to play the entire season, we recognize at this time that it may become difficult to do so."[35]

The day after MLS was initially postponed, all CONCACAF competitions scheduled for the next month were suspended.[36]

The 2019–20 Major Arena Soccer League season was terminated early, effective 12 March.[37]

The USL Championship suspended the 2020 season on 12 March, for at least 30 days.[38]

The National Independent Soccer Association suspended the Spring portion of its 2019–20 season on 12 March for at least 30 days.[39] On 27 April, following a second suspension of play, NISA announced it would cancel the rest of its 2020 Spring season.[40][41]

Match week 10 of Liga MX, Women's Liga MX, and Ascenso MX took place but as of 15 March, club owners and league executives had then taken a decision to postpone all Mexican football activity until further notice.[42] As of 22 May, Mexican football executives announce the termination of the remainder of the current Clausura 2020 championship.[43]

On 10 June, Major League Soccer announced a return to action on 8 July with a mini-tournament at Walt Disney World in Florida, with all matches counting towards the regular season standings.

South America

On 12 March 2020, CONMEBOL announced that the Copa Libertadores would be temporarily suspended.[44]

On 15 March, all top-tier football in Brazil was suspended until April.[45]

Major football league resume date and will reestablish dates

○:Behind closed door □:An audience allowed within 10% of the capacity ◇:Admit audience entry

An abandonment of season on major football league

International football

On 13 March 2020, FIFA announced that clubs did not have to release players to their national teams during the international windows of March and April 2020, while players also had the option to decline a call-up without any consequences. FIFA also recommended that all international matches during these windows be postponed, though the final decision was left to the competition organisers or member associations for friendly matches.[46]

On 9 March 2020, the Oceania Football Confederation announced that all tournaments were postponed until May 2020.[47]

FIFA World Cup qualification

The qualifiers for the 2022 FIFA World Cup was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. In March 2020, it was announced that Asian qualifier matches due to take place in March and June 2020 were postponed to later dates.[48] and the South American qualifiers due to take place in March 2020 were postponed to later dates.[49]

Olympic qualification

Play-off matches between South Korea and China in the 2020 AFC Women's Olympic Qualifying Tournament were also postponed.[50]

Continental tournaments

On 17 March 2020, CAF announced that the 2020 African Nations Championship had been postponed to a later date due to the pandemic.[51]

Concerns were raised regarding UEFA Euro 2020, being held in twelve host cities across Europe, and the potential impact of the coronavirus on players, staff and tournament visitors.[52] UEFA president Aleksander Čeferin said the organisation was confident that the situation could be dealt with, while general secretary Theodore Theodoridis stated that UEFA was maintaining contact with the World Health Organization and national governments regarding the coronavirus.[53] UEFA announced that a videoconference would be held on 17 March with representatives of its 55 member associations, along with a FIFPro representative and the boards of the European Club Association and European Leagues, to discuss the response to the outbreak for domestic and European competitions, including Euro 2020.[54] The tournament was moved by 12 months.[55] As a result, UEFA Women's Euro 2021 was similarly moved back 12 months, due to the original dates clashing with the rearranged Euro 2020 and 2020 Summer Olympics dates.[56]

On 17 March, CONMEBOL announced that the 2020 edition of Copa América was postponed to 2021.[57]

On 21 April 2020, the Oceania Football Confederation announced that due to the pandemic and the difficulty in rescheduling to another date in the FIFA International Match Calendar, the 2020 OFC Nations Cup would be cancelled.[58]

Youth tournaments

On 3 April 2020, FIFA announced that the 2020 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, scheduled to be held in Panama and Costa Rica in August, and the 2020 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, scheduled to be held in India in November, would be postponed and rescheduled.[59]

Collegiate soccer

Two National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I members announced that they had eliminated their men's soccer teams effective immediately. First, on 14 April, the University of Cincinnati shuttered its team, citing "profound challenges and widespread uncertainty" resulting from the pandemic.[60] Then, on 26 May, Appalachian State University dropped three men's teams, including soccer, "in response to the financial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic".[61]

List of affected events

Leagues

List of affected top-flight football leagues:

Curtailed
LeagueCountrySeasonStart dateCancellation dateChampions (if awarded)Source
Liga Panameña de Fútbol PanamaApertura 202025 January 202017 March 2020None[62]
New Zealand Football Championship New Zealand2019–201 November 201918 March 2020Auckland City[63]
Primera División de El Salvador El SalvadorClausura 202018 January 202020 March 2020None[64]
Liga Nacional de Guatemala GuatemalaClausura 202017 January 202025 March 2020None[65]
Super League Vrouwenvoetbal Belgium2019–2023 August 201927 March 2020RSC Anderlecht[66]
Mauritian Premier League Mauritius2019–2022 November 20196 April 2020None[67]
Czech First Division (women) Czech Republic2019–2017 August 20197 April 2020Slavia Praha[68]
Premier League of Belize Belize2019–20 C11 January 202018 April 2020None[69]
I-League India2019–2030 November 201918 April 2020Mohun Bagan[70]
Eredivisie Netherlands2019–202 August 201924 April 2020None[71]
Eredivisie Vrouwen Netherlands2019–2023 August 201924 April 2020None[72]
Primera División Argentina2019–2026 July 201928 April 2020Boca Juniors[73]
Ligue 1 France2019–209 August 201928 April 2020Paris Saint-Germain[74]
Division 1 Féminine France2019–2024 August 201928 April 2020Olympique Lyonnais[75]
Luxembourg National Division Luxembourg2019–203 August 201928 April 2020None[76]
Liga Nacional HondurasClausura 202010 January 202029 April 2020None[77]
Girabola Angola2019–20November 201930 April 2020None[78]
Gibraltar National League Gibraltar2019–2012 August 20191 May 2020None[79]
Guinée Championnat National Guinea2019–20October 20191 May 2020None[80]
Kenya Premier League Kenya2019–2020191 May 2020Gor Mahia[81]
Niger Premier League Niger2019–2020194 May 2020None[82]
Burkinabé Premier League Burkina Faso2019–2016 August 20195 May 2020None[83]
Congo Premier League Republic of the Congo2019–205 October 20195 May 2020AS Otohô[84]
Ethiopian Premier League Ethiopia2019–20November 20195 May 2020None[85]
Liberian First Division Liberia202029 December 20194 May 2020None[86]
Primera División (women) Spain2019–207 September 20196 May 2020Barcelona[87]
Elite One Cameroon2020202012 May 2020PWD Bamenda[88]
Linafoot Democratic Republic of the Congo2019–2015 August 201913 May 2020TP Mazembe[89]
Jupiler Pro League Belgium2019–2026 July 201915 May 2020Club Brugge[90]
Cypriot First Division Cyprus2019–2023 August 201915 May 2020None[91]
Tahiti Ligue 1 Tahiti2019–2027 September 201916 May 2020Pirae[92]
Bangladesh Premier League Bangladesh202013 February 202017 May 2020None[93]
Maltese Premier League Malta2019–2023 August 201918 May 2020Floriana[94]
Scottish Premiership Scotland2019–203 August 201918 May 2020Celtic[95]
Cymru Premier Wales2019–2016 August 201919 May 2020Connah's Quay Nomads[96]
Uganda Premier League Uganda2019–20201920 May 2020Vipers[97]
FUFA Women Super League Uganda2019–20201920 May 2020None[98]
GFA League First Division The Gambia2019–206 December 201921 May 2020None[99]
South Sudan Football Championship South Sudan202020 February 202021 May 2020None[100]
Liga MX MexicoClausura 202010 January 202022 May 2020None[101]
Liga MX Femenil MexicoClausura 20204 January 202022 May 2020None[101]
Rwanda Premier League Rwanda2019–204 October 201922 May 2020APR[99]
FA Women's Super League England2019–207 September 201925 May 2020Chelsea[102]
Togolese Championnat National Togo2019–206 October 201926 May 2020ASKO Kara[103]
Lebanese Premier League Lebanon2019–2020 September 201928 May 2020None[104]
Premijer liga Bosnia and Herzegovina2019–2020 July 20191 June 2020Sarajevo[105]
Iraqi Premier League Iraq2019–2018 September 20193 June 2020None[106]
Macedonian First Football League North Macedonia2019–2011 August 20194 June 2020None[107]

Postponed
LeagueCountrySeasonOriginal schedulePostponedResumedSource
Philippines Football League Philippines2020May 2020 (start date)13 March 2020TBA[108]
K League 1 South Korea202029 February – 4 October 202024 February 20208 May 2020[109]
Faroe Islands Premier League Faroe Islands20208 March 2020 – 7 November 20208 March 20209 May 2020[110]
Bundesliga Germany2019–2016 August 2019 – 27 June 202013 March 202016 May 2020[111]
Liga FPD Costa RicaClausura 202011 January 2020 – 17 or 31 May 202018 March 202019 May 2020[112]
Meistriliiga Estonia20206 March 2020 – 7 November 20208 March 202019 May 2020[113]
Nemzeti Bajnokság I Hungary2019–2021 July 2019 – May 202016 March 202017 May 2020[114]
Danish Superliga Denmark2019–2012 July 2019 – 24 May 202012 March 202029 May 2020[115]
Frauen-Bundesliga Germany2019–2017 August 2019 – 17 May 202016 March 202029 May 2020[116]
Ekstraklasa Poland2019–2012 July 2019 – 17 May 202013 March 202029 May 2020[117]
SuperLiga Serbia2019–2019 July 2019 – May 202015 March 202030 May 2020[118]
Ukrainian Premier League Ukraine2019–2028 July 2019 – May 202017 March 202030 May 2020[119]
Kategoria Superiore Albania2019–2023 August 2019 – May 202012 March 20203 June 2020[120]
Primeira Liga Portugal2019–209 August 2019 – 17 May 202012 March 20203 June 2020[121]
First Professional Football League Bulgaria2019–2012 July 2019 – May 202013 March 20205 June 2020[122]
Croatian First Football League Croatia2019–2019 July 2019 – May 202012 March 20206 June 2020[123]
La Liga Spain2019–2016 August 2019 – 24 May 202012 March 202011 June 2020[124]
Liga I Romania2019–2012 July 2019 – June 202012 March 202012 June 2020[125]
Slovak First Football League Slovakia2019–2020 July 2019 – 24 May 202012 March 202013 June 2020
Allsvenskan Sweden20204 April 2020 – 8 November 202019 March 202014 June 2020[126]
Eliteserien Norway20204 April 2020 – 29 November 202012 March 202016 June 2020[127]
Premier League England2019–209 August 2019 – 17 May 202013 March 202017 June 2020[128]
Serie A Italy2019–2024 July 2019 – 24 May 20209 March 202020 June 2020[129]
Veikkausliiga Finland20203 April 2020 – 1 September 202013 March 20201 July 2020[130]
J1 League Japan202021 February – 5 December 202025 February 20204 July 2020[131]

Tournaments

Cancelled
TournamentHost countryOriginal scheduleCancellation dateSource
2020 OFC Nations Cup New Zealand6–20 June 202021 April 2020

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