COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic
The COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first three confirmed cases in the Czech Republic were reported on 1 March 2020. On 12 March, the government declared a state of emergency, for the first time in the country's modern history for the area of the entire country. On 16 March, the country closed its borders, forbade the entry of foreigners and issued a nationwide curfew. While originally planned until 24 March, the measures were later extended until 1 April[2][3] and then again until the end of State of Emergency[4] which was extended by the Chamber of Deputies until 30 April 2020[5] and then again until 17 May 2020.
| COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic | |
|---|---|
 Confirmed cases per 100,000 residents by region | |
| Disease | COVID-19 |
| Virus strain | SARS-CoV-2 |
| Location | Czech Republic |
| First outbreak | Wuhan, Hubei, China |
| Index case | Prague |
| Arrival date | 1 March 2020 (3 months, 3 weeks and 4 days ago) |
| Confirmed cases | 10,498[1] |
| Active cases | 2,657[1] |
| Recovered | 7,505[1] |
Deaths | 336[1] |
| Government website | |
| onemocneni-aktualne | |
Some measures undertaken by the Czech Republic differed in key aspects from other countries. A general curfew was in place between 16 March and 24 April, however it included generous exemptions. Apart from the usual essential shopping and going to/from work, it also included visiting relatives and unrestricted movement in parks and open countryside.[6] A general closure of services and retail sale was in place from 14 March until 11 May, however all shops could conduct distance sales with delivery through makeshift takeaway windows and gradual opening of selected shops started in several waves from 24 March onwards.[7] The government didn't order closure of manufacturing plants, but many did so voluntarily during the second half of March with Hyundai spearheading a gradual reopening from 14 April.[8][9] The Czech Republic was the first[10] European country to make the wearing of facemasks mandatory from 19 March onwards.[11] COVID-19 testing was made widely available with drive through locations from 14 March,[12] and from 27 March anyone with a fever, dry cough or shortness of breath was eligible for a free test.[13] From 13 April onwards, COVID-19 testing capacity significantly surpassed demand.[14] Contact tracing in the country also included voluntary disclosure of mobile phone position and debit card payments data for previous days and the quarantining of identified contacts.[15] By 1 May 2020, altogether 257 COVID-19 related deaths were identified in the Czech Republic compared to 2,719 in similarly populous Sweden, which did not impose any lockdown.
The Czech Republic started gradual easing of measures from 7 April 2020 onwards[4][16] with most restrictions being lifted by 11 May 2020.
Background
On 12 January 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) confirmed that a novel coronavirus was the cause of a respiratory illness in a cluster of people in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China, which was reported to the WHO on 31 December 2019.[17][18]
The case fatality ratio for COVID-19 has been much lower than SARS of 2003,[19][20] but the transmission has been significantly greater, with a significant total death toll.[21][19]
Timeline
28 January
As of 28 January 2020 suspected cases were tested with negative results.[1]
Week 9 (24 February–1 March)
28 February – As of 28 February 170 suspected cases were tested with negative results. 307 people were in home quarantine imposed by a regional health authority, 77 of them were in South Bohemian Region.[1]
1 March – The Minister of Health, Adam Vojtěch, reported that three cases of COVID-19 had been confirmed by the National Reference Laboratory.[22] The three cases are treated at the Bulovka Hospital in Prague; one of the cases had been found in Ústí nad Labem, but was transported to the Bulovka Hospital.[22] All cases were connected with northern Italy. One case was a man who returned from a conference in Udine, the second case was a woman (tourist, U.S. citizen) studying in Milan and the third case was a man who returned from a skiing holiday in Auronzo di Cadore.[23][24]
Week 10 (2–8 March)
2 March – Another case was confirmed, a woman who was on skiing holiday in Auronzo di Cadore and was staying in the same hotel as the man from a previous case.[25]
3 March – Another case was reported, a woman from Ecuador studying in Milano, a friend of the U.S. tourist who tested positive several days prior.[26] Government started taking active measures (see policies section below).
5 March – Four new cases were identified a Czech and an Italian who returned from Italy by the end of February, third was related to case No. 3 and fourth was related to case No. 6.[27]
6 March – Obligatory 14 days quarantine for people returning from selected parts of Italy announced (see policies section below).[28][29] As of 6 March 1,011 people were already in home quarantine imposed by regional health authority, 341 of them in Prague, 160 in South Bohemian Region and 63 in Central Bohemian Region.[1]
Week 11 (9–15 March)
9 March – Bulovka Hospital in Prague has announced that all but two tourists (from U.S. – case No. 2 and from Ecuador – case #5) have been released to home quarantine.[30]
10 March – Positive cases were being identified in ever increasing number of regions.[31]
11 March – Schools closed.[32]
12 March – The Czech government has declared a state of emergency for 30 days and adopted a number of measures (see policies section below).[33][34]
13 March – Brno University Hospital (a COVID-19 testing center) was hacked, disrupting services.[35][36]
15 March – Shortly before midnight, Prime Minister Andrej Babiš announced approval of the nationwide quarantine (see policies section below).
Week 12 (16–22 March)
16 March – Starting at midnight, an hour after the nationwide quarantine declaration was approved the previous day, nearly 11 million Czech residents were placed under quarantine (see policies section below).[2] The Czech Republic became one of the first[37] countries in the EU to completely close its borders (with exemptions including international freight transport, see policies section below).[2] First three people were reported recovered.[38]
18 March –
The Czech Republic became the first[10] country in the EU to introduce mandatory face cover (see policies section below).[39]
21 March – Deliveries of protective gear purchased by Czech Government in China started: a heavy cargo plane Antonov An-124 provided through NATO Support and Procurement Agency brought 100 tons of masks, respirators and coronavirus tests from China, while a China Eastern plane brought seven million facemasks.[40] This helped to alleviate the shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) in the Czech Republic. According to Security Information Service, the shortage happened after Chinese embassy conducted massive purchases of respirators available on Czech market during January and February and transferred them to China.[41]
22 March – First death reported: a 95-year-old man.[42] While COVID-19 positive, at the time of death, the man was not at ICU and did not suffer from pneumonia that is a COVID-19 specific type of death. The man suffered from chronic heart issues and had also a pacemaker. The cause of death was formally established as a "complete exhaustion of organism".[43]
Week 13 (23–29 March)
23 March – The local health authority in the Moravian-Silesian Region announced that 80% of COVID-19 examinations that were conducted in the region in the previous days with use of fast-test kits that government procured and airlifted from China (altogether 300,000 kits bought by the Czech Government for total price of CZK 54 m – approx. US$2.1 m) came out wrong when double-checked through standard testing.[44][45] It was later confirmed the cause was an incorrect use where the fast-test react to an immune response and are not suitable for new patient screenings.[46]
24 March – A second death was reported: a 45-year-old man died after six days in a hospital in Havířov. The patient was suffering from advanced cancer with metastases to multiple organs. The cause of death was established as multiple organ failure due to cancer but COVID-19 infection accelerated the patient's death.[47]
A third death was reported: a 71-year-old woman died in Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice in Prague. The woman suffered from the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as well as other illnesses, so it wasn't immediately clear that she may be COVID-19 positive. Only after being hospitalised the woman informed doctors that her relative recently returned from Italy and was then tested for COVID-19. The woman was connected to a ventilator but died three days after start of hospitalisation.[48]
Apart from the Uber driver on ECMO, there were 19 other patients in hospitals in serious condition, all of them connected to ventilators.[48]
25 March – A fourth and fifth death was reported: The fourth victim of the disease is an 82-year-old from Prague with long-term chronic health problems. The fifth patient is an 88-year-old man from the Central Bohemian Region who was at home getting treatment and was suffering from a chronic disease.[49]
A sixth patient died at Thomayer Hospital. The 75-year-old patient suffered from diabetes and Parkinson's disease and also had advanced heart problems. The patient had been in the hospital since January and got infected while in post-operative care. After this patient tested positive for COVID-19, the hospital tested all 29 other patients in the same ward on 22 March, all negative. The test was repeated again on 25 March, this time with positive outcomes for 13 patients. Several of the hospital's staff had become infected earlier, probably while taking care of the Uber driver who would later become the first remdesivir receiver in the country. This patient was originally admitted with simple pneumonia without initial indication of COVID-19. Two of the infected nurses were hospitalised at the local pulmonary ward at the time of the sixth patient's death.[49][50]
The government was planning to evacuate Czechs from Australia and New Zealand by the end of the week. Hundreds of Czechs still remained abroad, mainly in Oceania and Southeast Asia.[49]
An Antonov An-124 provided through the NATO Support and Procurement Agency arrived again with 24 tons of medical products purchased by the Czech government in China. The shipment included 52,600 protective suits, 70,900 protective glasses, 250,000 gloves, 1,160,000 respirators and eight million masks. Further government purchased personal protection equipment shipments were planned for delivery with use of planes by the companies Smartwings and China Eastern, which were contracted for nine flights per week for six weeks in advance.[51]
37,000 and 13,000 Czechs live in the Czech Republic and work in Germany and Austria respectively, large portion of that in healthcare.[52] Cross-border workers (known as pendlers) were originally exempted from the complete travel ban. As Germany and Austria gradually became major centers of COVID-19 outbreak, the Government started tightening up rules for commuters. By 26 March, Czechs commuting to work in Austria and Germany were required to remain in those countries for at least 21 days. Upon return, they would be quarantined for 14 days. Czechs working in health, social services, and emergency services abroad were not subject to the new rules.[53][54] The rules were eased from 14 April onwards (see policies section below).
Districts bordering Germany and Austria gradually became major centers of COVID-19 outbreak in the Czech Republic. Domažlice District reached the highest number of COVID-19 positive persons relative to population size in the country. According to Vice-prime Minister Czech government avoided closing the commuter loophole because German and Austrian healthcare system in areas close to the border is dependent on Czech commuters and also because government feared it could lead Slovakia to close access to Slovak commuters working in Czech healthcare.[55][56][57]26 March – A Taiwanese student in her twenties, who recently returned to Taiwan from the Czech Republic tested positive for coronavirus. She left the Czech Republic after 8 months in the country on 19 March 2020, announced symptoms (fever, diarrhoea) to Taiwanese authorities on 24 March and was diagnosed COVID-19 positive on 26 March 2020.[58] 34 patients were in severe condition.[59]
27 March – Despite having been quarantined already for two weeks, at least six retirement homes were hit by the spread of the COVID-19 virus.[60] Authorities noted also the rising number of COVID-19 positive healthcare workers.[61] As the capacity for COVID-19 testing increased, authorities eased requirements for free testing. Anyone with a fever, dry cough or shortness of breath may be eligible for a free COVID-19 test.[13]
29 March – Five people died. Among the victims was a 45-year-old nurse from Thomayer Hospital, an elderly woman from a senior home in Michle and an elderly woman from a senior home in Břevnice. There were 227 patients in hospitals, 45 of them in severe condition.[62]
Week 14 (30 March–5 April)
30 March – In South Moravia, testing of the so-called "smart quarantine" was started: local travel history of infected persons were to be tracked using data from mobile phones and bank cards. 300 military personnel were deployed to reinforce local health authority for the purpose of tracing patients' contacts and collecting samples. If this approach is deemed successful by the authorities for diminishing the pandemic, the "smart quarantine" method is planned to replace the existing nationwide curfew policy.[63] The city of Uherský Brod started thorough disinfection of all common areas of apartment buildings and public areas after a significant increase in COVID-19 infections. Health authority registered thirty new cases in the town.[64]
31 March – In a community of 72 people living in a retirement home in Litoměřice, 52 positive tests were confirmed.[65] Employees of the retirement home in Česká Kamenice decided to stay with their clients 24 hours a day until 15 April, to avoid the seniors getting COVID-19.[66]
1 April – One month ago the Czech Republic reported the first coronavirus case. A second senior from the Litoměřice retirement home died, as well as seniors from Prague and Moravia-Silesia.[67] The Department of Infectious Diseases of the Central Military Hospital in Prague has treated COVID-19 patients with hydroxychloroquine. Eight of them have already been released for home quarantine. The evaluation of preliminary results of this therapy will be carried out in April. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine were originally used to treat malaria, but at present they also help patients with autoimmune diseases—rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus. The World Health Organization (WHO) considers these substances as one of the options to treat COVID-19.[68]
Supreme Administrative Court ruled that Government decision to postpone the Senate district 32 by-election due to COVID-19 pandemic was illegal. According to the court, the Government lacked the authority to make such a decision, as that can only be done by an Act of Parliament. The by-election to fill a seat after Jaroslav Kubera, who died of heart attack, was originally planned on 27 March and would take place on 5 June.[69]
- China: On 17 February, a plane with 4,5 tons of personal protection equipment donated by Czech Government left from Vienna to China.[70] The plane was also loaded with Hungarian, Slovak and Austrian PPE donations to China.
- China: On 1 March, a plane with 5 tons of PPE (including 780.000 pairs of gloves, 48.000 facemasks and 6.800 protection suits) left from Prague to China. This time the load was donated by a multitude of parties, including President's Office, Olomouc Region, Karlovy Vary Region, South Moravian Region, Vysočina Region, the town of Třebíč and Škoda Auto.[71] The donation was too large to fit into a single plane and thus there were further flights planned. Those however did not take place, as China declined to accept the aid.[72]
- Italy: Czech Government donated 110,000 FFP2 respirators to Italy on 23 March. This donation took place after Czech authorities confiscated 680,000 respirators from a fraudster, who was stockpiling them in a warehouse in Lovosice. According to media, 110,000 of the confiscated respirators were originally sent from China as a donation to the 300,000 strong Chinese minority that lives in Northern Italy.[73][74]
- Italy, Spain: 10,000 protective suits were donated to Italy and Spain each on 26 March (delivered on 30 March).[75]
- Slovenia: One million face masks and 200.000 FFP2 respirators were donated to Slovenia on 1 April 2020.[76]
- France: Czech Republic offered treatment of French COVID-19 patients in serious condition. First six patients were to be airlifted from France on 6 April and placed at University Hospital in Brno.[77] On the day of the planned airlift, however, France declined the help, stating that it is now able to better deal with the pandemic on its own.[78]
- North Macedonia: Czech Republic donated 1 million facemasks on 12 April 2020.[79]
Foreign aid to the Czech Republic
- Taiwan: Taiwan donated 25 lung ventilators to hospitals in the Czech Republic at the beginning of April 2020.[80]
- Japan: Japan donated experimental drug Avigan (Favipiravir) for treatment of 20 patients with option to sell packages for further 80 patients on 9 April 2020.[81]
2 April – One victim died at the General University Hospital in Prague (VFN); another victim was a 79-year-old patient hospitalised at the Hradec Králové University Hospital.[82] The government decided to extend the border control by 20 days. Border checks with Germany and Austria will last until midnight Friday, 24 April.[83]
3 April – A public controversy has arisen around shipments of personal protective equipment that the Czech Government purchased and airlifted from China. On 31 March, Mayor of Prague Zdeněk Hřib publicly praised Government of Taiwan for donating ICU ventilators to the Czech Republic, while pointing out that all of the equipment from China was purchased, none was donated. Representatives of China's business interest in the Czech Republic countered by claiming that China donated personal protective equipment that was to be handed over to Czech hospitals on 1 April. According to the media, Czech authorities received a promise of donation of PPE, however none have reached the country by 3 April 2020.[84]
4 April – There were 29 infected police officers in the Czech Republic, 343 more were in preventative quarantine.[85]
Week 15 (6–12 April)
6 April – Government eased a number of restrictive measures, e.g. by opening outside sporting grounds (including skiing, shooting ranges, etc.), movement in parks and nature without facemasks and opening of more shops and services (see policies section below).
7 April – Government sought extension of the State of Emergency for 30 days, i.e. until 12 May 2020. Chamber of Deputies of Parliament granted extension until 30 April 2020.[86]
12 April – Government announced that it was preparing a plan for gradual lifting of remaining restrictions. Government aimed at reaching maximum of 400 newly infected people a day in order to prevent overburdening the healthcare system. Instead of general restrictions, the intended maximum number should be reached through contact tracing of positive cases (see policies section below).[87]
Week 16 (13–19 April)
13 April – Number of COVID-19 tests sank from 8,000 a day to mere 3,200 a day during Easter weekend which included also Friday and Monday as state holiday. According to health authority, testing capacity during Easter weekend significantly surpassed demand for testing from potential patients. Health authority expected the demand to rise again in the following week.[14]
14 April – A month-long complete border closure ended (see policies section below). A large number of Czech Romanis started returning from particularly hit United Kingdom, where many lived for over 15 years, leading to fear of possible increase of COVID-19 infection.[88][89]
Hyundai factory in Nošovice, which makes 1,500 cars a day including Kona Electric, restarted production after three weeks pause. Ten days later, Government exempted Korean Hyundai "specialists and key workers" needed for ramp up of electric vehicle production from cross-border and quarantine restrictions. Manufacturing plants were unaffected by Government restrictions, however many had decided to close voluntarily.[8][9]
The Czech government outlines a five-step plan for re-opening shops, restaurants and other businesses. Each subsequent step will be triggered as planned only if the previous step has not resulted in a total of 400 new COVID-19 patients per day.[90]
- April 20: Farmers markets, tradesmen with shops, car shops and showrooms, outdoor athletic areas for professionals, without spectators, Weddings of up to 10 people following hygiene rules
- April 27: Shops under 200 square meters in size, except for those in shopping centers over 5,000 square meters and those specified to open at a later date.
- May 11: Shops under 1,000 square meters in size, except for those in shopping centers over 5,000 square meters and those specified to open at a later date, Driving schools, Gyms and fitness centers (but not changing rooms or showers)
- May 25: Outdoor areas of restaurants, cafes, pubs, buffets, wineries and beer shops with outdoor sales and garden seating areas, barbershops, hairdressers, nail salons, tanning salons, cosmetic salons, massage parlors, museums, galleries, and art halls, zoos (outdoor areas only)
- June 8: All shops in shopping centers, shops over 1,000 square meters in size outside of shopping centers, indoor areas of restaurants, cafes, pubs, buffets, wineries and beer shops, hotels and other accommodation providers (and their restaurants and cafes), taxi services, tattoo and piercing studios, theaters, castles, chateaux and other cultural activities according to the current regulations, mass events for a specified number of people, cultural, business, and sports events for less than 50 people, weddings following specific hygienic protocol, indoor areas of zoos
The aforementioned timeline was not kept as government significantly accelerated lifting of restrictions in the following weeks, with most being lifted by 11 May.
Week 17 (20–26 April)
22 April 2020 – Prime Minister Andrej Babiš announced that the Government will not request the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament to extend the State of Emergency beyond 30 April. Meanwhile, Minister of Interior announced that he will seek further discussion of the topic, claiming that State of Emergency is crucial for Government's ability to fast procure and distribute personal protection equipment outside of standard lawful procurement process.[91]
The court determined that the fact that measures were not adopted by the Government under the Crisis Act powers, but by Ministry of Health under the Protection of Public Health Act, leads to violation of constitutional guarantees of separation of powers. When adopting measures under the Crisis Act, the Government is continually under the supervision of the Chamber of Deputies of Parliament. Under Art 5(4) of the Constitutional Act on the Security of the Czech Republic, the Chamber of Deputies can revoke the State of Emergency at any moment. Thus taking away Government's power to adopt crisis measures under the Crisis Act, including those that violate basic rights. Adoption of the measures by Ministry of Health under the Act on Protection of Public Health frustrated this control by the Chamber of Deputies. In effect, the respondent impermissibly restricted constitutional powers of the Chamber of Deputies.
— Judgement of the Municipal Court in Prague No. 14 A 41/2020, section 152, from 23 April 2020[92]
23 April 2020 – The Municipal Court in Prague invalidated some of the restrictions adopted in order to battle the COVID-19 spread. In particular, the court invalidated Ministry of Health Protection Measures that introduced curfew, banned hospital visits and banned selected retail sale and services. The court held that such wide restrictions of basic rights may be adopted only under the Crisis Act by the Government as whole and not under Protection of Public Health Act by the Ministry of Health alone. Both the curfew and retail sale ban were originally adopted by Government Resolutions on 14 and 15 March respectively, however then they were replaced by Ministry of Health Protection Measures from 24 March onwards. The court invalidated these measures from 27 April onwards, giving the Government three days to remedy the situation. The Ministry of Health may lodge an appeal to the Supreme Administrative Court. On the day of court's decision, there were suits against 17 other measures still pending.[93]
While Ministry of Health Protection Measures may be adopted indefinitely, Government Measures under Crisis Act may be adopted only for period of State of Emergency.[94] Government may declare State of Emergency for period of 30 days, any prolongation requires assent of the Chamber of Deputies.[95]
24 April 2020 – In line with the decision of the Municipal Court of Prague, the Government announced that it would seek Chamber of Deputies' consent to extend the State of Emergency until 25 May. At the same time the Government announced a faster roadmap for the lifting of restrictions.[96]
Week 18 (27 April–3 May)
28 April – The Government sought an extension of the State of Emergency until 25 May 2020. The Chamber of Deputies of Parliament granted an extension until 17 May 2020.[97]
Week 19 (4 May–10 May)
6 May – The Ministry of Health presented the outcome of the COVID-19 prevalence study conducted over the previous weeks. Out of 26,549 people (volunteers and vulnerable groups with chronic diseases) tested for the presence of anti-bodies, the countrywide testing identified only 107 people with antibodies who were previously undetected. This showed a high success rate of contact tracing and quarantine measures and a very low rate of virus presence in the general population.[98]
Week 20 (11 May–17 May)
State of Emergency ended on 17 May. Extraordinary measures either ended or were extended beyond the State of Emergency with lesser restrictions. According to Ministry of Health, the main aim going forward was to achieve three main objectives:[99]
- Prevent hospital overcapacity in order to be able to provide necessary care to all patients with COVID-19, including non-hospitalized. The main aim is to preserve Czech COVID-19 mortality at 2-3% as before and to prevent it's rise to worldwide average of 7% or French mortality of 18%.
- Prevent "explosive spread" of COVID-19 that would (a) include spread of more aggressive types of COVID-19 or (b) higher concentration of COVID-19 in body, as those lead to more dangerous development of illness.
- Further lower mortality as better knowledge about COVID-19 and use of promising experimental drugs like remdesivir and hydroxychloroquine becomes available.
A court ordered pre-trial detention of a first person charged with spreading of COVID-19. A 32-years old woman was arrested for movement at a public space without a facemask, although she had been personally ordered to remain in quarantine. Despite quarantine order, the woman used a taxi and visited a shopping mall. The woman was jailed at a hospital ward of Brno prison. If convicted, she may be sentenced to up to 8 years imprisonment.[100]
Week 21 (18 May–25 May)
A new major COVID-19 hotspot emerged in the city of Karviná. Over 150 workers became infected at a black coal mine where miners work in tight shafts as deep as 1,000 meters[101] underground. Authorities expected the number to significantly rise further as the workers' family members were likely to become positive later. Among those infected were also many foreign workers from Poland, where coal mines became hotspots in previous weeks. Health authority planned to conduct testing of all 2,400 workers within three days. Czech Army deployed six medical teams to assist local authority in collection of samples and contact tracing. As of 22 May, up to 40% of infected miners had no symptoms with many others reporting tiredness as the only symptom. Meanwhile, a school was temporarily closed down in nearby city of Havířov after a child of one of the miners tested positive. Apart from the coal mining hotspot, authorities deemed situation in the rest of the country as stable, except for Prague where they identified several small clusters with community spread.[102][103][104]
Statistics
*Active cases – hospital and home quarantine
**Current severe conditions including UPV/ECMO –
UPV: Artificial lung ventilation
ECMO: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (advanced method of life support)[107]
* Laboratory-proven COVID-19 disease as reported by regional hygiene stations and laboratories
| Classification | Cases | Recovered | Deaths | Lethality | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | Total | Men | Women | Total | ||
| All | 5,037 (50.1 %) | 5,022 (49.9 %) | 10,059 (100%) | 3,600 (48 %) | 3,905 (52 %) | 7,505 (100%) | 195 (58 %) | 141 (42 %) | 336 (100%) | 3.9 % | 2.8 % | 3.3 % | |
| Age | 0-14 | 355 (7.0%) | 300 (6.0%) | 655 (6.5%) | 262 (7.3%) | 229 (5.9%) | 491 (6.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % |
| 15-24 | 467 (9.3%) | 492 (9.8%) | 959 (9.5%) | 379 (10.5%) | 411 (10.5%) | 790 (10.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | 0.0 % | |
| 25-34 | 794 (15.8%) | 691 (13.8%) | 1,485 (14.8%) | 585 (16.3%) | 551 (14.1%) | 1,136 (15.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.7%) | 1 (0.3%) | % | 0.1 % | 0.1 % | |
| 35-44 | 874 (17.4%) | 840 (16.7%) | 1,714 (17.0%) | 624 (17.3%) | 671 (17.2%) | 1,295 (17.3%) | 4 (2.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 4 (1.2%) | 0.5 % | % | 0.2 % | |
| 45-54 | 1,020 (20.3%) | 980 (19.5%) | 2,000 (19.9%) | 691 (19.2%) | 797 (20.4%) | 1,488 (19.8%) | 3 (1.5%) | 2 (1.4%) | 5 (1.5%) | 0.3 % | 0.2 % | 0.3 % | |
| 55-64 | 662 (13.1%) | 645 (12.8%) | 1,307 (13.0%) | 513 (14.3%) | 534 (13.7%) | 1,047 (14.0%) | 15 (7.7%) | 3 (2.1%) | 18 (5.4%) | 2.3 % | 0.5 % | 1.4 % | |
| 65-74 | 494 (9.8%) | 433 (8.6%) | 927 (9.2%) | 354 (9.8%) | 342 (8.8%) | 696 (9.3%) | 57 (29.2%) | 24 (17.0%) | 81 (24.1%) | 60.6 % | 5.5 % | 8.7 % | |
| 75-84 | 260 (5.2%) | 367 (7.3%) | 627 (6.2%) | 148 (4.1%) | 236 (6.0%) | 384 (5.1%) | 67 (34.4%) | 49 (34.8%) | 116 (34.5%) | 25.8 % | 13.4 % | 18.5 % | |
| 85+ | 111 (2.2%) | 274 (5.5%) | 385 (3.8%) | 44 (1.2%) | 134 (3.4%) | 178 (2.4%) | 49 (25.1%) | 62 (44.0%) | 111 (33.0%) | 47.5 % | 22.7 % | 29.9 % | |
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Updated: 2020/06/22 09:00
Sources:
COVID-19 disease data Official web by Ministry of Health (Czech Republic).
Epidemic curve
Flattening the curve
The main priority of affected nations currently is to move to a slower doubling time of new cases, to ensure less crowded hospitals and therefore a lower case fatality rate.[110][111]
Governments of different countries take different approaches to flatten the epidemic curve. Beside travel bans and isolation of complete communities, citizens are also often requested to stay at home and keep social distance.[110]
Research indicates that measures must be applied rigorously and immediately to be effective. Also, the national community's commitment to supporting/tolerating the restrictions and following the advice of health authorities plays an important role in the success of flattening the epidemic curve and limiting the spread of the virus.[112][113]
For example, in South Korea mass testing efforts were successful. The South Korean national testing capacity reached 15,000 tests per day. Compared to population size, the Czech Republic reached the same rate of testing on 23 March 2020. The Ministry of Interior in South Korea also rolled out a smartphone app that can track the quarantined and collect data on symptoms, so scientists are able to see more epidemiological data.[114]
Curve comparison
Comparing cumulative numbers of confirmed cases in selected countries, including the Czech Republic, shows the different curves of the epidemic in different countries.[115][116] The chart shows the number of known cases and the pace at which the number increases on a logarithmic scale. The actual number of people infected may be and likely is, significantly higher, as only cases where the virus was confirmed by laboratory testing are shown. Many cases may only have an asymptomatic or mildly symptomatic course of the disease and never seek treatment. In yet others, the infection may still be in the incubation period, when it is asymptomatic and may not yet be detectable even by testing.[117]
*Datasource: Wikipedia
*Datasource: Wikipedia[118]
Czech restriction actions:/ Day0: Schools closed / Day2: State of Emergency: close of sport facilities&close restaurants&bars at 8pm, border control, travel restrictions, ban 30+events /Day3: Criminalize spreading virus on purpose/Day4: Complete closure all shops restaurants&bars ex:food shops, petrol, pharmacies/Day5: Nationwide quarantine ex: shopping, employment need/ Day6: Borders closed&closure municipalities in Olomouc region/ Day8: Mandatory nose&mouth cover/ Day9: Special 7–9 shop-opening hours for seniors/ Day10: Changed special 8–10 shop-opening hours for seniors.
Czech eased restriction actions:/Day20: Lifted closure municipalities in Olomouc region/ Day27: Ease movement rule in parks&nature without facemask and opening some outside sporting grounds/ Day35: Eased conditions of entry to the territory of the Czech Republic/Day40: reopening farmers markets&small stores
Basic reproduction number
In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number (sometimes called basic reproductive ratio, or incorrectly basic reproductive rate, and denoted R0, pronounced R nought or R zero[119]) of infection can be thought of as the expected number of cases directly generated by one case in a population where all individuals are susceptible to infection.[120] The definition describes the state where no other individuals are infected or immunised (naturally or through vaccination).
The higher the R ratio number, the faster the disease spreads. If R is less than one, the reproduction within the population decreases.[121][122]
During the second half of March 2020 the progress of the pandemic in the Czech Republic showed a decrease in the R0 ratio from the value above 2.0 down to the value 1.5 or below. The day-to-day ratio of the total number of cases decreased in a similar way, falling below 10 percent at the end of March.
On 1 April, the Director of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics announced that the R0 number ranged from 0.87 to 1.33 with the most likely value of 1.1.[123][124]
Spread of the virus
During the spring holiday period between early February and the middle of March 2020, an estimation of 16,500 Czechs traveled to Italy.[125]
Case details
Detailed information was reported regarding most of the first 99 cases, up to 12 March 2020:
| Case no. | Date announced | Status | Origin type | Origin | Location | Treatment facility | Sex | Age | Nationality | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| City | Region | |||||||||
| 1[22] | 1 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related |  |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | 67 |  |
| A Czech man born in 1952 had attended a conference in Udine, Italy. He has contacted Czech authorities already on 26 February. After returning from Italy he had stayed in home quarantine and it was found one of his Italian colleagues was confirmed COVID-19 positive. After his condition worsened he went to the Infection Clinic at Bulovka Hospital. The test proved to be positive on 1 March. He is a teacher at the Czech University of Life Sciences Prague.[126] The patient has moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 2[22] | 1 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Bulovka Hospital, Prague | Female | ~20 |  |
| A young woman from the US, born 1999, studying in Milan travelled to Prague through Vienna, Budapest and Brno. Feeling sick she visited the Emergency room at Motol University Hospital where she was handled as potentially infectious and moved to Bulovka Hospital. | ||||||||||
| 3[22] | 1 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Male | ~43 | |
| A man born in 1976 from Děčín had been skiing with his family in Italy and after returning to the Czech Republic, his wife took him to a hospital in Usti nad Labem on Saturday 29 February9, he was positively tested and afterwards transferred from Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem to Bulovka Hospital in Prague. The rest of his family had no symptoms and remained in home quarantine pending further COVID-19 tests. The patient moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 4[25] | 2 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Female | 53 | |
| A Czech woman was holidaying in the Alps, staying in the same hotel as a positively tested Czech man (case #3). She arrived to Masaryk Hospital at Ústí nad Labem with symptoms on Sunday 1 March and she is staying in isolation there. Her husband and daughter were later also tested positively (case No. 7 and #8). | ||||||||||
| 5[26] | 3 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Bulovka Hospital, Prague | Female | 21 |  |
| A young woman from Ecuador has travelled together with the American woman that proved to be infected on 1 March (case #2). Both study at Milan. Even though the initial test from 1 March was negative, the subsequent retest on 3 March has been clearly positive. She is isolated at Bulovka Hospital together with another woman that travelled in the group with the American and Ecuadorian. The tests of the third woman have been negative so far. | ||||||||||
| 6[127] | 4 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A mother of two from Prague 6 developed symptoms after visiting Passo del Tonale in Trentino region in Italy. The woman has been tested for coronavirus at an undisclosed private clinic. The positive result was unofficial, but in the afternoon it was confirmed by the Czech National Reference Laboratory. The woman is in quarantine at Bulovka Hospital and her family is self-quarantined at home.[129] The patient has moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 7[130] | 4 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Male | N/A | |
| A husband of the infected woman from Děčín (case #4). | ||||||||||
| 8[130] | 4 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Female | N/A | |
| A daughter of the infected woman from Děčín (case #4). | ||||||||||
| 9[27] | 5 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | 45 | |
| A doctor from Prague who returned from Italy by the end of February. With mild symptoms he continued to examine his patients for two more days. The patient moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 10[27] | 5 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | 45 | |
| An Italian citizen who arrived to Prague by end of February. The patient has moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 11[27] | 5 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Female | ~66 | |
| A woman, born 1953, has caught the coronavirus from her son (case #3). This is the first recorded person-to-person COVID-19 transmission in the Czech Republic.[131] | ||||||||||
| 12[27] | 5 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A husband of the infected woman from Prague 6 (case #6). The patient has moved from Bulovka Hospital to home quarantine on 9 March 2020.[30] | ||||||||||
| 13 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | N/A | N/A | N/A | Home isolation | N/A | ~1 | |
| An infant staying at home quarantine.[132] | ||||||||||
| 14 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | Male | N/A | |
| A person who either came from Italy or was in contact with of one of the cases who returned from Italy, no details provided.[133] | ||||||||||
| 15 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | N/A | Female | N/A | |
| A woman who attended a Biogen employee conference at Boston, where COVID-19 was confirmed.[134] | ||||||||||
| 16 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |
| A person who either came from Italy or was in contact with of one of the cases who returned from Italy, no details provided.[133] | ||||||||||
| 17 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Female | 12 | |
| The eldest daughter of the infected man from Děčín (case #3).[135] | ||||||||||
| 18 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Děčín | Ústí nad Labem Region | Masaryk Hospital, Ústí nad Labem | Female | 50 | |
| A woman who was travelling in the same car as the infected man from Děčín (case #3).[135] | ||||||||||
| 19 | 6 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A woman from Ústí nad Labem Region was skiing in Lombardy, Italy. She has no ties to any of the previous cases and is staying home at self-quarantine.[132] | ||||||||||
| 20 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
N/A | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| Sub-letting at the place of the case No. 19.[136] | ||||||||||
| 21 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| Has been skiing in Passo del Tonale.[136] | ||||||||||
| 22 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A man who stayed in Boston.[136] | ||||||||||
| 23 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A married couple (#23, #24) who returned from Italy.[136] | ||||||||||
| 24 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A married couple (#23, #24) who returned from Italy.[136] | ||||||||||
| 25 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related |  |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A married couple (#25, #26) who were in contact with an infected woman in Austria (this woman arrived from Boston).[136] | ||||||||||
| 26 | 7 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A married couple (#25, #26) who were in contact with an infected woman in Austria (this woman arrived from Boston).[136] | ||||||||||
| 27 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A married couple (#27, #28) who had been skiing in Val Gardena resort in Italy with a group of people who were tested posively in previous days.[137] | ||||||||||
| 28 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A married couple (#27, #28) who had been skiing in Val Gardena resort in Italy with a group of people who were tested posively in previous days.[137] | ||||||||||
| 29 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Litoměřice | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| Women (case No. 29, #30) from a group that visited Auronzo di Cadore ski resort in Italy.[138] | ||||||||||
| 30 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Litoměřice | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| Women (case No. 29, #30) from a group that visited Auronzo di Cadore ski resort in Italy.[138] | ||||||||||
| 31 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
N/A | Ústí nad Labem Region | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| An elderly man, a relative of cases No. 29 and No. 30, who had not visited Italy.[139] | ||||||||||
| 32 | 8 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
Hradec Králové | Hradec Králové Region | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A man tested at University Hospital Hradec Králové was in contact with a Prague coronavirus case—a person who had been infected in Boston (case No. 15 or #22).[137] | ||||||||||
| 33 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Rožnov pod Radhoštěm | Zlín Region | N/A | Female | ~42 | |
| A woman (*1978) who had been on a family holiday in Trentino, Italy. She had mild respiratory issues.[140] | ||||||||||
| 34 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | ~12 | |
| A young man (*2008) has family ties on a case infected in Italy. He was diagnosed at Bulovka Hospital in Prague.[140] | ||||||||||
| 35 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Prague | Prague | Home isolation | Male | ~45 | |
| A man (*1975) who returned from Lombardy, Italy. He was diagnosed at Bulovka Hospital in Prague.[140] | ||||||||||
| 36 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
N/A | N/A | Home isolation | Female | ~62 | |
| A woman (*1958) with a connection to a group that was skiing in Val Gardena, Italy.[141] | ||||||||||
| 37 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Central Bohemian Region | N/A | Male | N/A | |
| A man from Central Bohemia who visited Trentino, Italy.[142] | ||||||||||
| 38 | 9 March 2020 | Confirmed | Community spread | |
Prague | Prague | Bulovka Hospital, Prague | Male | 40–45 | |
| A Prague Uber driver with no travel history and no known connection to other cases; however, German nationals he was in contact with are investigated. It is the first community spread case in the Czech Republic.[143][144] | ||||||||||
| 39 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
N/A | Central Bohemian Region | N/A | Female | ~61 | |
| A woman (*1959) from Central Bohemia contracted the virus at work where she had been in contact with a woman infected at Val Gardena ski resort in Italy.[145] | ||||||||||
| 40 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Ústí nad Labem Region | N/A | Male | ~54 | |
| A man (*1966) has returned from skiing in Sexten, Italy.[146] | ||||||||||
| 41 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related |  |
Prostějov | Olomouc Region | Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region | Male | ~55 |  |
| An employee of Japanese origin of company Toray Textiles Central Europe in Prostějov. The patient returned from Germany with high fever. After spending initial week in home isolation, the patient's state worsened significantly which led to his relocation to infectious ward of the Prostějov Hospital. Patient suffered through serious pneumonia. Doctors put him into complete isolation and on antibiotics treatment. His state became better after about a week before being finally cleared after two consecutive negative tests on 23 March 2020.[147][148] | ||||||||||
| 42 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Pardubice Region | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| Elderly man was skiing in Bad Gastein.[149] | ||||||||||
| 43 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | N/A | N/A | Prague | Prague | N/A | Female | N/A | N/A |
| Student of VŠE in Prague.[150] | ||||||||||
| 44 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | N/A | N/A | Prague | Prague | N/A | Male | Child | |
| Student of Norbertov elementary school in Prague 6.[150] | ||||||||||
| 45 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Litovel | Olomouc Region | Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region | Male | N/A | |
| Husband of an infected woman (Case # 46). Both were skiing in Italy.[151] | ||||||||||
| 46 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Litovel | Olomouc Region | Hospital in Prostějov, Olomouc Region | Female | N/A | |
| Wife of an infected man (Case # 45). Both were skiing in Italy.[151] | ||||||||||
| 47–63 | 10 March 2020 | Confirmed | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| No details yet.[150] | ||||||||||
| 64 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Pilsen Region | N/A | Female | N/A | |
| A woman returning from Livigno.[152] | ||||||||||
| 65 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Zlin Region | N/A | Male | N/A | N/A |
| A man was skiing in Trentino.[153] | ||||||||||
| 66 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Brno | South Moravian Region | Home isolation | Male | N/A | |
| A Man(#66) and a woman(#67) from Brno returned from a skiing holiday in the Dolomites.[153] | ||||||||||
| 67 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
Brno | South Moravian Region | Home isolation | Female | N/A | |
| A Man(#66) and a woman(#67) from Brno returned from a skiing holiday in the Dolomites.[153] | ||||||||||
| 68 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
Brno | South Moravian Region | University Hospital Brno | Female | 84 | |
| A Czech woman who was in touch with her daughter who returned from Italy.[154] | ||||||||||
| 69–94 | 11 March 2020 | Confirmed | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| Information not provided.[155] | ||||||||||
| 95 | 12 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | South Bohemian Region | Home isolation | Male | 45–50 | N/A |
| A middle-aged man who works in Germany has noticed symptoms after return from Germany. Mild condition.[156] | ||||||||||
| 96 | 12 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Liberec Region | Regional Hospital Liberec | Female | 59 | |
| The first case in Liberec Region is a 59-year-old woman who was skiing in Italy. She had symptoms and stayed home after she told her employer, she moved to hospital on 10 March. Reportedly in mild condition.[156] | ||||||||||
| 97 | 12 March 2020 | Confirmed | Travel-related | |
N/A | Karlovy Vary Region | Home isolation | Male | 65+ | |
| The first case in Karlovy Vary Region is a man over 65 years old who was skiing in Italy. Mild condition.[156] | ||||||||||
| 98 | 12 March 2020 | Confirmed | Person-to-person spread | |
Litomyšl | Pardubice Region | Pardubice Hospital | Female | 30 | |
| The second case in Pardubice Region is a woman from Litomyšl that was infected in Prague. She works in administrative and was in contact with another case, which is why she was tested. Even though she has no symptoms, regional epidemiologist said she will be transferred to Pardubice Hospital.[156] | ||||||||||
| 99 | 12 March 2020 | Confirmed | Community spread | |
Frýdek-Místek | Moravian-Silesian Region | N/A | Female | N/A | |
| A nurse from hospital in Frýdek-Místek with no travel history and no known relation to other cases.[157] | ||||||||||
Policies to fight the contagion
| Type of Measure | Specific | Details | Date enacted | In force | Note | Authority |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Soft measures | Travel restrictions (before border closure) | Suspension of issuing of new visas in China. | 30 January 2020 | Indefinitely.
Revoked on 21 April 2020. |
Visas issued prior remained valid. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-2/PRO[158]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16518/2020-1/MIN/KAN[159] |
| Suspension of direct flights to/from China. | 8 February 2020 | From 9 February onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked on 21 April 2020. |
Ten direct flights a week, all of them cancelled. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 4618/2020-1/MIN/KAN[160]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 4618/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[161] | ||
| Suspension of direct flights to/from selected regions of Italy. | 2 March 2020 | From 5 March 2020 until 19 March 2020. | All direct flights to/from Italian regions Emillia-Romagna, Piemont, Lombardia, Venetia suspended.
Around 100,000–110,000 Czechs visited Northern Italy over the previous month (mostly for skiing holidays). |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-6/PRO[162] | ||
| Suspension of direct flights to/from South Korea. | 2 March 2020 | From 5 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked on 24 March 2020. |
All direct flights to/from South Korea suspended. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-5/PRO[163]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-15/PRO (revocation)[164] | ||
| Suspension of issuing of new visas in Iran. | 7 March 2020 | From 7 March onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked on 21 April 2020. |
Applies to all applicants requesting visas in Iran (notwithstanding nationality). | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10384/2020-1/MIN/KAN[165]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10384/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[166] | ||
| Random medical checks at major border crossings | 7 March 2020 | From 9 March 7 am onwards (indefinitely). | Major border crossings (Rozvadov, Folmava, Železná ruda, Dolní Dvořiště, Strážný, Mikulov, Hatě, Břeclav, Cínovec, and Pomezí) manned by a combination of police, customs, and fire service personnel.
Drivers provided with informational leaflets in Czech, English, German and Italian. Random temperature checks of vehicle occupants. Similar measures put in place at all international airports as well as in cross-border trains. People with symptoms can either turn back at the border or be transported by a HAZMAT ambulance for medical examination at the nearest hospital. Army deployed on 10 March (see below). |
Government[167][168] | ||
| Restrictions on sale of medical means | FFP3 respirators sale ban
FFP3 respirators may be sold only to:
|
3 March 2020 | From 4 March onwards (indefinitely)
Revoked on 6 April 2020 |
The FFP3 respirators sale ban was preceded by a memo from Security Information Service to the Government, according to which Chinese embassy in Prague was conducting massive purchases of respirators available on Czech market during January and February and transferring them to China.[41]
This led to shortage of FFP3 respirators for use by healthcare providers which lasted for weeks after the ban was passed. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-8/PRO[169]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-12/PRO[170] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-1/MIN/KAN[171] (revocation) | |
| Hand sanitizers export ban. | 5 March 2020 | From 5 March onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked on 21 April 2020. |
Ban on export of hand sanitizers listed in Annex 1, Category 1 of EU Regulation No. 528/2012 (with exemption of small amounts for personal use). | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-9/PRO[172]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16771/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[173] | ||
| Ban on export of medication | 17 March 2020 | From 17 March onwards (indefinitely). | 17 March – 1 April 2020 – general ban on export of medication.
From 1 April onwards – ban on export of selected medication. Ban only on export of medication destined for the Czech market. Medication manufactured directly to foreign order may still be exported. |
Government Regulation No. 104/2020 Coll. (until 1 April)[174]
Government Regulation No. 146/2020. Coll (after 1 April)[175] | ||
| Duty to report gatherings over 5,000 people. | Organisers must inform health authorities about all planned gatherings where they expect 5,000 or more visitors during a single day | 4 March 2020 | From 4 March onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked on 17 April |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 9826/2020-1/HES[176]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 9826/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[177] | ||
| Quarantine | Spectators banned from attending the World Biathlon Cup Championship race in Nové Město na Moravě. | Championship can take place, but no spectators allowed. | 2 March 2020 | From 5 March 2020 to 8 March 2020. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 5503/2020-7/PRO[163] | |
| Residents returning from abroad ordered to self-quarantine for 14 days. | All residents of the Czech Republic (citizens and non-citizens), as well as other persons working in the Czech Republic who return to the country from Italy, are ordered to contact their general practitioner by phone or email and self-quarantine for 14 days. Exemptions: (1) truck drivers that use FFP2 or FFP3 respirators while out of the vehicle in Italy, (2) ambulance crews under specific conditions and (3) pilots that did not leave their aeroplane while in Italy. | 7 March 2020 | From 7 March onwards (indefinitely).
Replaced by other measures (see below). Formally revoked on 17 April 2020. |
Measure replaced a similar one that was issued a day earlier, which did not include any exemptions.
Up to CZK 3 million fine for breach of self-quarantine. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10381/2020-1/MIN/KAN[167]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10381/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[178] | |
| Anyone who visited one of the selected countries over the past 14 days subject to mandatory self-quarantine of 14 days. List of countries may be updated daily.
Anyone crossing borders into the Czech Republic must allow authorities to perform a medical check. |
10 March 2020 | From 10 March onwards (indefinitely). | Up to CZK 3 million (about EUR 120,000) fine for breach of self-quarantine. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10653/201-1/MIN/KAN[179] | ||
| All residents of the Czech Republic (citizens and non-citizens) who return from selected countries.
List of selected countries subject to daily updates, as of the day of measure adoption they are: China, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, and France. Freight drivers exempted and recommended to "limit contact with locals as far as feasible". |
13 March 2020 | From 13 March onwards (indefinitely).
Replaced from 14 April onwards. |
Exemptions:
Up to CZK 3 million (about EUR 120,000) fine for breach of self-quarantine. |
Government Resolution No. 209/2020 Coll.[180]
Ministry of Interior Notice on Exemptions from travel restrictions during the State of Emergency[181] | ||
| Anyone entering the Czech Republic has duty to contact health authority and may be subject to mandatory 14 days quarantine (with exemptions). | 6 April 2020 | From 14 April until the end of the State of Emergency.
Extended on 15 May (indefinitely). |
Exemptions – see referenced Government Resolution.
Significant change in rules from 27 April onwards - see border restrictions below. |
Government Resolution No. 387 published as No. 150/2020 Coll.[4]
Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[182] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20599/2020-1/MIN/KAN[183] | ||
| Contact tracing | Confirmed COVID-19 patients' contacts preventatively quarantined for 14 days. | 7 March 2020 | From 8 March onwards (indefinitely). | Authorities actively seek all people who were in contact with confirmed COVID-19 patients.
Those are then ordered to mandatory 14 days' preventative self-quarantine. They also get tested for COVID-19, typically after 5 days. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10386/2020-1/MIN/KAN[184] | |
| Use of mobile phone geolocation data and debit card payments for contact tracing | 19 March 2020 | From 19 March onwards (indefinitely). | Mobile phone operators and banks obliged to provide geolocalisation data to health authority, if so requested. Data must be provided subject to following conditions (cumulative):
Geolocation data is used to draft a map of COVID-19 person's movement in previous days. This map is then presented to the person to help them remember who they were in contact with, where and when. Identified contacts are then put into 14 days quarantine and tested for COVID-19 after 5 days. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12398/2020-1/MIN/KAN[15] | ||
| Soldiers deployed to reinforce health authority. | 30 March 2020 | From 30 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). | 300 soldiers (mainly paramedics and students of Military University of Medicine) deployed to reinforce health authority for the purpose of tracing contacts of COVID-19 positive patients and for collecting their samples. | Government Resolution No. 333 published as No. 141/2020 Coll.[185] | ||
| Special requirements for release from preventative quarantine. | 9 April 2020 | From 16 April 2020 onwards (indefinitely). | People who were put into quarantine due to previous contact with COVID-19 positive person may be released from quarantine only if (cumulatively):
|
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-6/MIN/KAN[186] | ||
| Hospital visits ban. | Ban on visits in hospitals and similar facilities. Exemptions for visits to patients who are (1) minors, (2) legally incapacitated, (3) pregnant or (4) terminally ill. | 9 March 2020 | From 10 March onwards (indefinitely). | Exemptions for visits to patients who are (1) minors, (2) legally incapacitated, (3) pregnant or (4) terminally ill.
Scope of exemptions extended on from 16 April onwards: presence of father during child delivery explicitly allowed. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10519/2020-1/MIN/KAN[187]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16214/2020-1/MIN/KAN[188] | |
| Public gatherings banned. | Gatherings of 100 or more people banned. | 10 March 2020 | From 10 March 6 pm onwards (indefinitely).
Replaced by other measures (see below). Formally revoked on 17 April 2020. |
Ban on private and public gatherings of 100 or more people, including theatres, music events, cinemas, sports, etc. Exemptions for (1) legislature, (2) executive government, (3) courts and (4) public or private assemblies mandated by law (e.g. shareholder meetings) | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10666/2020-1/MIN/KAN[189]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No.MZDR 10666/2020-2/MIN/KAN (revocation)[190] | |
| Gatherings of 30 or more people banned. | 12 March 2020 | From 13 March 6 pm onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked from 16 March onwards (replaced by nationwide curfew, see below). |
Ban on any private and public gatherings of 30 or more people. Exemptions for (1) legislature, (2) executive government, (3) courts, (4) public assemblies mandated by law and (5) funerals. | Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll.[191] | ||
| Gatherings of more than 2 people banned. | 23 March 2020 | From 23 March until 1 April.
Extended until 11 April. Extended until end of State of Emergency. Invalidated from 27 April onwards. |
Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 2 people. Exemptions for (1) members of same household, (2) exercise of profession and (3) funerals as long as a distance of 2 metres between people is kept. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-1/MIN/KAN[192]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-4/MIN/KAN[193] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-5/MIN/KAN[194] Judgement of the Municipal Court in Prague No. 14 A 41/2020 from 23 April 2020[92] | ||
| Gatherings of more than 10 people banned. | 23 April 2020 | From 24 April until the end of State of Emergency. | Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 10 people. Exemptions for (1) members of same household, (2) exercise of profession, (3) funerals as long as a distance of 2 metres between people is kept, (4) church services up to 15 persons.
Special requirements for training of professional athletes, weddings, church services, etc. Exemptions extended from 11 May onwards:
|
Government Resolution No. 452 published as No. 194/2020 Coll.[182]
Government Resolution No. 490 published as 223/2000 Coll.[195] | ||
| 15 May 2020 | From 18 May until 25 May. | Ban on any gathering at the publicly accessible place of more than 10 people with exemptions (family members, exercise of profession, etc.).
Ban on public events (sport, culture, wedding, praying, etc.) with more than 100 people. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20588/2020-1/MIN/KAN[196] | |||
| Gatherings of 300 or more people banned. | 19 May 2020 | From 25 May onwards (indefinitely). | Ban on any private gathering/public event (sport, cultural, wedding, prayer, etc.) of 300 or more people. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20588/2020-2/MIN/KAN[197] | ||
| Schools suspended. | All pupils and students banned from personally attending classes (including university lectures). Staff may continue to work and assign homework for students.
Kindergartens and creches are open/closed subject to decision of local municipal authorities. |
10 March 2020 | From 11 March onwards (indefinitely). | From 13 March onwards ban extended to include also extracurricular/after school activities.
From 20 April onwards students may attend university exams with max 5 persons present, may also attend clinical education or practical/laboratory education with max 5 persons present. Exemption extended from 11 May onwards:
- All of that only after student/parent signs a sworn statement that the student is without clinical symptoms of COVID-19. Exemption extended from 25 May onwards:
|
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 10676/2020-1/MIN/KAN (11–13 March 2020)[189]
Government Resolution No. 201/2020 Coll. (from 13 March onwards)[198] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16184/2020-1/MIN/KAN[199] Government Resolution No. 455 published as No. 197/2020 Coll.[182] Government Resolution No. 456 published as No. 198/2020 Coll.[182] Government Resolution No. 491 published as No. 220/2020 Coll.[200] Ministry of Health Protections Measure No. MZDR 20584/2020-1/MIN/KAN[201] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20584/2020-2/MIN/KAN[202] | |
| Closure of services | Restaurants closed. | 12 March 2020 | From 13 March 8 pm onwards (indefinitely) / replaced on 14 March. | Restaurants may operate from 6 am to 8 pm. Home delivery possible 24/7. | Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll.[191] | |
| 12 March 2020 | From 13 March 8 pm until 24 March 6 am.
Extended to 1 April. Extended to 11 April. |
Restaurants in shopping centres over 5,000 m2 in size closed. | Government Resolution No. 199/2020 Coll. (until 14 March)[191]
Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll. (after 14 March)[7] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[203] | |||
| 14 March 2020 | From 14 March 6 am until 24 March 6 am.
Extended to 1 April. Extended to 11 April. Replaced on 6 April (valid indefinitely) |
All publicly accessible restaurants closed.
Restaurants may sell food through shopfront windows with any opening hours (incl. 24/7), so long as customers do not enter the premises. Home delivery possible 24/7. From 11 May: Restaurants may serve patrons at their outdoors premises. From 25 May: Restaurants may operate from 6 AM to 23 PM (outdoor premises, take away windows and home delivery 24/7). |
Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[7]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12746/2020-1/MIN/KAN[204] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[203] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-3/MIN/KAN[205] Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[195] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-1/MIN/KAN[206] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-2/MIN/KAN[207] | |||
| Marketplaces closed
Ban on retail trade at marketplaces. |
13 March 2020 | From 14 March 6 am onwards (indefinitely).
Partially revoked on 20 April 2020 (outdoors marketplaces can reopen). Revoked from 11 May onwards. |
While having a general effect, the resolution also specifically names Little Hanoi. | Government Resolution No. 208/2020 Coll.[208]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16193/2020-1/MIN/KAN[209] Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[182] Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[195] | ||
| General closure of services and retail sale
(All retail may still conduct distance sales finalized through makeshift takeaway window or with delivery directly to customer [210]) |
14 March 2020 | From 14 March 6 am until 24 March 6 am.
Extended to 1 April. Extended to 11 April. Replaced on 6 April (valid indefinitely) Replaced on 27 April until the end of State of Emergency Lifted from 11 May onwards. |
Ban on presence of general public in establishments providing services and retail sale with following exemptions:
Scope of exemptions widened from 24 March onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened from 1 April onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened from 7 April onwards:
+ All opened shops and services must take active steps to
Scope of exemptions widened from 20 April onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened from 24 April onwards:
From 11 May onwards only selected services remain closed: indoors swimming pools and saunas, tours of indoors premises of castles and chateaus, hotel services for leisure purposes, services that are conducted by disruption of skin (e.g. tattooing). A large number of special measures required for opened services, see referenced Resolution No. 493. |
Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[7]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12746/2020-1/MIN/KAN[204] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13361/2020-2/MIN/KAN[203] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-3/MIN/KAN[205] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16193/2020-1/MIN/KAN[209] Government Resolution No. 454 published as No. 196/2020 Coll.[182] Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[182] Government Resolution No. 493 published as No. 224/2020 Coll.[195] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20581/2020-1/MIN/KAN[206] | ||
| Casinos closed | 14 March 2020 | From 14 March onwards (indefinitely). | Government Resolution No. 211/2020 Coll.[7]
Government Resolution No. 453 published as No. 195/2020 Coll.[182] | |||
| Prison visits ban. | Family members banned from visiting relatives in prisons and jails. Defense attorneys exempted from the ban. Individual exceptions may be granted by the Minister of Justice.
From 15 May onwards: Only one visitor permitted per each visit. |
13 March 2020 | From 14 March onwards (indefinitely). | Government Resolution No. 204/2020 Coll.[211]
Ministry of Healh Protection Measure No. MZDR 20598/2020-1/MIN/KAN[99] | ||
| Sporting venues closed | Public banned from entering sporting venues for 30 or more people, both indoor and outdoor. | 13 March 2020 | From 14 March 6 a.m. onwards (indefinitely).
Replaced by general curfew from 16 March onwards. |
Government Resolution No. 208/2020 Coll.[208] | ||
| Welfare providers and retirement homes can accept new clients only after negative COVID-19 test. | This includes also clients that are moved from another institution (another retirement home).
Until 25 May: Once accepted, the person must be placed at a separate room for 14 days. |
29 March 2020 | From 29 March onwards (indefinitely). | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-1/MIN/KAN
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-3/MIN/KAN Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13742/2020-3/MIN/KAN | ||
| Regional quarantine | Quarantine of town of Litovel and 18 nearby municipalities including Uničov and Červenka.
The quarantine zone covers about 24,000 people. A cluster of 25 patients identified on 16 March 2020. By 21 March 2020 there were 54 confirmed patients within the quarantine zone out of 62 total confirmed cases in Olomouc region. |
16 March 2020 | From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).
Lifted on 30 March 2020 |
People living and working within the quarantined area can go to work.
People living within the area and working outside, and vice versa, must stay at home. Workers returning from night shifts in the area to homes outside of the area ordered into 14 days' self-quarantine. Police checkpoints on roads to the area. Only supply trucks, police, emergency, and fire rescue service can enter/leave town. Military field mini-hospital build in Litovel on 19 March.[212] |
Local health authority.[213] | |
| Quarantine of municipality of Kynice, where a number of people were infected during the local volunteer fire department's ball.
The municipality has a population of 95. |
16 March 2020 | From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).
Lifted on 1 April 2020[214] |
Same conditions as in other quarantined areas. | Local health authority.[215] | ||
| Social distancing measures | NATIONWIDE CURFEW | 15 March 2020 | From 16 to 24 March 6 am (Government Resolution)
From 24 March 6 am to 1 April 6 am (Ministry of Health Protection Measure) Extended until 11 April. Extended until end of State of Emergency. Revoked from 24 April onwards. |
Order for persons to
Exemptions:
Scope of exemptions widened from 7 April onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened from 20 April onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened from 27 April onwards (curfew revoked before this part entered into force):
|
Government Resolution No. 215/2020 Coll.[6]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-1/MIN/KAN[192] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-4/MIN/KAN[193] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-4/MIN/KAN[16] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-5/MIN/KAN[194] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16195/2020-1/MIN/KAN[216] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16484/2020-1/MIN/KAN[217] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 17606/2020-1/MIN/KAN[218] | |
| Public authorities' activity reduction | 12 March 2020 | 14 March to 1 April.
Extended until 11 April. Extended until 19 April. |
Public authorities restricted to perform only to necessary duties.
Restrictions on duties requiring personal contact with the public. Restriction of office hours to 3 hours on Monday and Wednesday. Only the lowest possible number of employees to be present when necessary. Duty to implement rotations of employees in a way that prevents contact between selected groups. Partially revoked on 6 April 2020: Czechpoint resumes service. |
Government Resolution No. 194/2000 (until 24 March)
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-3/MIN/KAN (from 24 March onwards)[219] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12745/2020-5/MIN/KAN (from 1 April onwards)[220] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-2/MIN/KAN (Czechpoint reopening)[221] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-4/MIN/KAN[222] | ||
| 9 April 2020 | From 20 April onwards (indefinitely)
Revoked on 15 May. |
Public authorities open with special measures
Public authorities instructed to prioritise email or telephone communication over physical meetings. Opening hours back to normal. Personal meetings either through barrier or if possible with 2 metres distance. Obligation to ensure distance of 2 metres in hallways, waiting rooms, etc. Obligation to set up hand sanitizers in hallways. Obligation to frequently disinfect surfaces incl. doorhandles, elevator buttons, etc. Duty to implement rotations of employees in a way that prevents contact between selected groups. Duty to prioritise work from home where possible. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-3/MIN/KAN[223]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-15/MIN/KAN (revocation)[224] | |||
| Obligatory face cover (respirator or similar) | 18 March 2020 | From 19 March until 30 March
From 30 March onwards (indefinitely) |
Ban on movement outside of the home without having mouth and nose covered by a respirator, face mask or similar.
Exemptions from 30 March onwards:
Scope of exemptions widened on 7 April:
Scope of exemptions widened on 9 April:
Scope of exemptions widened on 30 April:
Scope of exemptions widened on 5 May:
Scope of exemptions widened on 12 May:
Scope of exemptions widened on 18 May:
From 25 May onwards face cover obligatory only at:
|
Government resolution No. 247 (published as No. 106/2020 Coll.) (until 30 March)[225]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13894/2020-1/MIN/KAN (after 30 March)[11] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15190/2020-4/MIN/KAN[16] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No.MZDR 15757/2020-2/MIN/KAN[226] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-10/MIN/KAN[227] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-13/MIN/KAN[228] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-14/MIN/KAN[229] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-16/MIN/KAN[230] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 15757/2020-18/MIN/KAN[231] | ||
| Elderly only shopping time (65+) | 18 March 2020 | From 19 March onwards (indefinitely). | Only elderly (65+) can enter establishments (grocery shops, post offices and others that are still open) at the selected time. The timeframe for elderly changes periodically:
|
Ministry of Health Resolution No. MZDR 12390/2020-1/MIN/KAN, replaced by MZDR 12501/2020-3/MIN/KAN,[232] replaced by Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12744/2020-2/MIN/KAN[233] | ||
| Local Assemblies limited | 23 March 2020 | From 24 March onwards (replaced from 7 April onwards). | Local assemblies only online
Municipal and regional assemblies shall convene only for necessary purposes (measures regarding COVID-19 or necessary to prevent other damages) and shall take place only online. Recommendation to broadcast online assemblies publicly on the internet. |
Government Resolution No. 274 published as No. 122/2020 Coll.[234] | ||
| 6 April 2020 | From 7 April until the end of State of Emergency | Local assemblies subject to social distancing
Municipal and regional assemblies shall convene in a way that ensures distance of 2 metres between each individual. Everyone present must wear face cover. Recommendation to allow participation through means of distance communication. |
Government Resolution No. 388 published as 151/2020 Coll.[4] | |||
| Electronic data boxes use for free | 23 March 2020 | From 24 March onwards (until the end of State of Emergency). | "Electronic data boxes" is a secure means of online communication run by the Government that may be used for formal delivery of documents. Normally only communication with authorities is free while communication between private entities is subject to a fee. This fee was waived until the end of the State of Emergency. | Government Resolution No. 275/2000 Coll.[234] | ||
| Hard measures | STATE OF EMERGENCY | style="background:#F99;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no"|Declaration of State of Emergency. For the first time in modern history for the area of entire country (previously only regionally, mainly due to floods).
A number of other particular measures announced at the same time under Government emergency powers (see elsewhere in the table). |
12 March 2020 | From 12 March 2020 2 pm for a period of 30 days.
Extended by Chamber of Deputies until 30 April. Extended by Chamber of Deputies until 17 May. |
Government (cabinet headed by Prime Minister) has considerably extended powers under the State of Emergency. State of Emergency may be declared by Government for at most 30 days; any extension must be ratified by Chamber of Deputies.
Most other measures adopted "indefinitely" remain in force only as long as the State of Emergency lasts, as without it the Government lacks the constitutional authority to limit the associated rights. |
Government Resolution No. 194/2020 Coll.[235]
Vote number 8 of 43rd meeting of Chamber of Deputies held on 7 April 2020[5][236] Government Resolution No. 369 published as No. 156/2020 Coll.[237] Vote number 11 of 47th meeting of Chamber of Deputies held on 28 April 2020[97][97] Government Resolution No. 485 published as No. 219/2020 Coll.[200] |
| Border enforcement | Provisional enforcement of borders with Germany and Austria and limitations on international flights. Only selected border crossings remain open:
|
12 March 2020 | From 14 March 2020 onwards. | Czech Republic is a party to Schengen Treaty and does not normally enforce its border with other EU countries. | Government Resolution No. 197/2020 Coll.[238] | |
| BORDERS CLOSURE | Crossborder public transport ban. | 12 March 2020 | From 14 March onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked from 11 May onwards. |
Any road vehicle with a capacity of more than 9 people (incl. driver) banned from crossing borders with an exemption of (1) larger vehicles bringing Czech citizens or long-term/permanent residents to the Czech Republic, (2) larger vehicles taking foreigners out of the Czech Republic (exemption: empty buses, passenger trains, and ships may return to the Czech Republic).
Crossborder passenger rail and passenger ship transport banned. Only Václav Havel Prague International Airport may be used for international flights. (Remained valid also after 11 May 2020). An individual exemption may be granted by the Minister of Transportation. |
Government Resolution No. 200/2020 Coll.[239]
Government Resolution No. 506 published as No. 225/2020 Coll.[240] | |
| Travel ban – selected countries | 12 March 2020 | From 14 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely).
Effectively replaced by complete travel ban from 16 March onwards (see below). |
Foreigners coming in from selected countries banned from entering the Czech Republic (foreigners with long-term or permanent residency permits exempted).
Czech citizens and foreigners with long-term or permanent residency banned from entering selected countries. Suspension of processing of all visa applications (individual exceptions possible). List of selected countries subject to daily updates, as of the day of ban entry into force they were China, South Korea, Iran, Italy, Spain, Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, the Netherlands, Belgium, Great Britain, Denmark, and France. |
Government Resolution No. 198/2020 Coll.[241] | ||
COMPLETE BORDERS CLOSURE
|
13 March 2020 | From 16 March onwards (ban of 13 March).
From 31 March until 12 April 2020 (ban of 30 March). Extended until 13 April 2020 (ban of 6 April). |
Exemptions:
|
Government Resolution No. 203[242] & Ministry of Interior Notice on Exemptions from travel restrictions during the State of Emergency[181] (until 30 March)
Government Resolution No. 334 published as 142/2020 Coll.[185] (from 31 March) | ||
BAN ON ENTRY OF FOREIGNERS
|
6 April 2020 | From 14 April until the end of State of Emergency
Revoked on 27 April. |
Exemptions:
Anyone coming into Czech Republic has duty to contact health authority and will be subject to mandatory 14 days quarantine (with exemptions). |
Government Resolution No. 387 published as No. 150/2020 Coll.[4]
Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[182] | ||
| RESTRICTIONS ON CROSS-BORDER MOVEMENT
Restrictions on entry into the Czech Republic and obligatory quarantine for those who enter. |
23 April 2020 | From 27 April until the end of State of Emergency
Extended on 15 May (indefinitely). |
Foreigners without long-term residency may enter for purpose of:
+ Obligation to inform health authority about entering the Czech Republic (with exceptions, see referenced resolution) Czechs and foreigners with long-term residency must inform health authority immediately after entering the country unless they have COVID-19 negative test no older than 4 days (with exceptions, see referenced resolution). All who enter and who were not quaranteened by the health authority must undergo 14 days personal curfew under which they may move only to work and back, do essential shopping, visit healthcare providers, attend necessary administrative proceedings, attend funerals. |
Government Resolution No. 443 published as No. 193/2020 Coll. (revocation)[182]
Government Resolution No. 495 published as No. 222/2020 Coll.[200] Government Resolution No. 511 published as No. 226/2020 Coll.[240] Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 20599/2020-1/MIN/KAN[183] | ||
| Other measures | Army deployed at borders | Army units deployed to support border enforcement (see above). | 10 March 2020 | From 10 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). | 2,100 Czech Army personnel ordered to full readiness.
Army also used for distribution of medical equipment around country (respirators etc.). |
Government decision[243][244] |
| Soldiers deputised | 15 March 2020 | From 15 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). | 2,096 soldiers and 432 Customs officers deputised for police duty. Previously, they could serve only in support role. This allows a significantly lower number of police officers to be deployed at the borders and their redeployment back to standard policing duty.
9 April 2020: Number of deputised soldiers increased to 4,094. |
Government Regulation No. 83/2020 coll.[245]
Government Regulation No. 155/2020 Coll.[246] | ||
| Release of emergency funding | CZK 500 million released from Government Emergency Fund for emergency purchases of medical tools needed to fight COVID-19. | 13 March 2020 | Government Resolution No. 206/2020 Coll.[247] | |||
| Provision of welfare | Students of secondary and tertiary schools welfare programmes compelled to work duty. | 13 March 2020 | From 16 March onwards (indefinitely).
Revoked from 11 May onwards. |
Actual work of students subject to later call-up.
At the same time welfare providers are ordered to provide welfare to recipients whose life or health may be in jeopardy (providers cannot refuse provision of welfare). Welfare provision aimed at persons that are not self-sufficient (elderly, crippled, etc.). |
Government Resolution No. 207/2020[248]
Government Resolution No. 512 published as No. 227/2020 Coll. (revocation)[240] | |
| Army deployed. | 14 April 2020 | From 14 April onwards (indefinitely). | 360 soldiers deployed to support provision of welfare, especially within retirement homes. Place of deployment of particular units dependent on requests from regional governments. | Government Regulation No. 172/2020 Coll.[249] | ||
| Obligatory testing of all employees. | 30 April 2020 | Between 4 May and 17 May. | Providers of welfare in retirement homes and of elderly in their own homes must conduct COVID-19 antibodies rapid testing of every employee that is in direct contact with clients. Rapid testing kits provided by health authority. | Ministry of Health Extraordinary Measure No. MZDR 18636/2020-1/MIN/KAN[250] | ||
| Social and economical support measures | Trucks allowed to drive on Sundays | 13 March 2020 | From 13 March 2020 onwards (indefinitely). | Generally, freight trucks are banned from driving on Sundays to ease weekend return traffic. This long-standing ban was lifted to mitigate possible freight disruptions stemming from other measures or general COVID-19 impact. | Government Resolution No. 205/2020 Coll.[251] | |
| Income tax deadline extended
Deadline for Income Tax submission moved by 3 months for natural persons (new date is 1 July) |
12 March 2020 | |||||
| Loans repayment delayed
Banks will provide an option of delaying loan payments for people and small businesses affected by the coronavirus |
12 March 2020 | |||||
| Gun sales registration period waived. | 16 March 2020 | From 16 March until end of the curfew | Same as other retail, gun shops could continue distance sales finalized through makeshift takeaway window or by direct delivery to customer.[252] Purchased firearms must normally be physically presented to the police for registration within 10 days from the sale (see Gun laws in the Czech Republic).
Firearm registrations deemed non-essential by the Ministry of Interior Explanatory Note, as part of the general suspension of non-essential visits to government offices. Gun licence holders instructed to merely inform police about a purchase by post or electronic communication and visit station for registration after the end of curfew. Also, exams required for new firearm licences suspended. New permits to purchase B-category firearms issued only remotely (by post or electronic communication). |
Ministry of Interior Explanatory Note No. MV- 49249-2/OBP-2020[253] | ||
| Forestry short-term hiring | March 2020 | 2020 forestry season | Public company Lesy České republiky which manages public forests started massive short-term hiring of people from professions affected by quarantine measures. Temporary workers take part in restoration of spruce forests that suffered large scale damage by bark beetle and drought in previous years. Wage of CZK 120 per hour (ca €5 per hour), contracts for maximum of 300 hours per person. | [254] | ||
| Criminal sanctions | COVID-19 added to list of diseases the wilful spreading of which constitutes a felony. | 13 March 2020 | Up to 10 years imprisonment in case of criminal negligence. | Government Resolution No. 210/2020 Coll.[255] | ||
| Healthcare provision support measures | Drive-through testing | 14 March 2020 | "Drive-through" tents set up in front of designated hospitals around the country. Patients don't need to leave their cars to be tested.
Testing is free for people with prescriptions by the health authorities. Prescriptions are granted remotely (phone and email) based on symptoms and travel history. People lacking prescriptions may pay for their own tests. Prices vary depending on the hospital from CZK 1,300–3,000 (€50–120). Some drive-through locations do not offer paid testing due to capacity limitations (i.e. they test only those with a prescription). |
[12] | ||
| COVID-19-only hospitals | 15 March 2020 | Two hospitals, Na Homolce Hospital in the capital and largest city of Prague, St. Anna University Hospital in the second largest city of Brno, were designated to deal with COVID-19 only. Both cities have several other hospitals to take up the caseload of other conditions.
Military BSL-4 reserve hospital at Biological Defense Center in Těchonín put into a state of readiness. |
||||
| 28 March 2020 | After COVID-19 infection spread in at least seven retirement homes, several hundred beds were set aside for quarantine and treatment of elderly with mild symptoms at:
|
Ministry of Health decision[256] | ||||
| Medicine students' work duty | 15 March 2020 | From 16 March until the end of State of Emergency
Revoked from 11 May onwards. |
5th- and 6th-year students of General Medicine compelled to work duty, actual work subject to later call-up.
Last-year students of nursing, paramedics, and several other related fields compelled to work duty, actual work subject to later call-up. |
Government Resolution No. 220 published as No. 90/2020 Coll.[257]
Government Resolution No. 404 published as No. 158/2020 Coll.[237] Government Resolution No. 512 published as No. 227/2020 Coll. (revocation)[240] | ||
| Healthcare workers' holiday ban | 23 March 2020 | From 24 March until the end of State of Emergency
Revoked on 10 April 2020. |
Healthcare workers banned from taking a holiday (time off). | Government Resolution No. 278 published as 125/2020 Coll.[234]
Government Resolution No. 403 published as No. 157/2020 Coll. (revocation)[237] | ||
| Remdesivir provisional approval | 17 March 2020 | From 17 March for a period of 9 months | Remdesivir, originally developed by Gilead Sciences for ebola treatment, was approved for experimental use for COVID-19 patients in serious condition. | Ministry of Health Decision No. MZDR 12059/2020-3/OLZP[258] | ||
| Plaquenil prescription restrictions | 23 March 2020 | From 23 March 8 pm onwards (indefinitely) | Hydroxychloroquine, sold under the brand name Plaquenil among others, is a medication used for the prevention and treatment of certain types of malaria. Plaquenil showed promise in some COVID-19 trials. Only doctors with selected specialisations can prescribe it under the measure. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-2/MIN/KAN[259] (until 3 April)
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-3/MIN/KAN[260] (after 3 April) | ||
| Hydroxychloroquine-sulfaat teva provisional approval | 7 April 2020 | From 7 April for period of 8 months | Provisional approval for COVID-19 treatment due to plaquenil shortage. | Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 13360/2020-3/OLZP[261]
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12756/2020-3/MIN/KAN[260] (after 3 April) | ||
| Hydroxychloroquine Sulfate Sandoz provisional approval | 30 April 2020 | From 30 April for period of 8 months | Provisional approval of New Jersey, USA made hydroxochloroquine tablets in original English language package for COVID-19 treatment due to plaquenil shortage. | Ministry of Health Decision No. MZDR 18092/2020-2/OLZP[262] | ||
| Avigan (Favipiravir) provisional approval | 16 April 2020 | Japanese medicine that showed promise in initial trials for COVID-19 treatment.
Provisional approval of 10,000 tablets. |
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 16312/2020-1/OLZP[263] | |||
| Hospitalised patients' information database | 24 March 2020 | From 24 March onwards (indefinitely) | Central database about COVID-19 hospitalised patients. Hospital providers ordered to:
|
Ministry of Health Protection Measure No. MZDR 12996/2020-1/MIN/KAN[264] |
Interpersonal solidarity
The COVID-19 pandemic in the Czech Republic has created a wave of solidarity in a variety of areas, including:
- Due to the lack of protective face-masks, volunteers sewed masks for other people and also shared instruction videos online.[265]
- Programmes were launched to help the most vulnerable groups and seniors, on a non-commercial basis, by buying food and medicines.[266]
- On Monday, 23 March, Czech National Television launched a temporary new television channel ČT3, which is to bring practical advice, news and a selection of ČT's classic programmes from the archive for older people.[267]
- The Vietnamese community in the Ústí nad Labem region raised CZK 140,000 for a donation of a ventilator to a hospital in Ústí nad Labem[268]
- Due to the closure of Czech schools, Czech National Television launched an educational programme for home education. The "UčíTelka" programme is focusing on teaching first-grade pupils. The programmes "Odpoledka" on teaching second-grade pupils and programme "Škola doma" for ninth grade pupils preparing them for entrance exams to secondary schools.[269]
- Czech manufacturer of 3D printers Prusa Research contributed to the "free use project" of shared Bicycles company Rekola to enable access to transport with a lower risk of virus transmission than public transport.[270] Prusa Research also designed, produced and distributed protective face shields for medical professionals.[271]
- The Žufánek family distillery from Boršice will produce and distribute for free disinfectant gels without the necessary permit from the health and agriculture department.[272]
Gallery
.jpg)
Empty shelves of canned meat and other food in Tesco, Prague, on 27 February 2020
Information flyer from the Ministry of Health sent to every house address
Government Resolution on Declaration of Emergency
SMS notification of the closure of shops
Prague, Celetná ulice, without tourists(March 2020)
Prague, Astronomical clock, without spectators (March 2020)
Prague, Wenceslas Square, without tourists (March 2020)
Prague, Flora shopping centre (March 2020).jpg)
Brno, forbidden to enter front section of local bus. (March 2020)
Empty shopping mall in the Czech Republic during COVID-19 pandemic.jpg)
Interior of a Czech bus during COVID-19 pandemic (14 March 2020)
Antonov An-124-100 similar aeroplanetype which provided medical products purchased by the Czech government in China
Drive thru testing centre at the University Hospital Hradec Králové
See also
References
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External links
- COVID-19 epidemic (Ministry of Healthcare, in English)
- COVID-19 statistics (Ministry of Healthcare)
- Epidemic curve in countries including the Czech Republic
- Interactive map of COVID-19 situation in the Czech Republic
- Coronavirus COVID-19 Global Cases and historical data by Johns Hopkins University
- Live Statistics of Corona-virus on the World Map
