Bandar Lampung

Bandar Lampung (Lampungese: ) is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung. Located on the southern tip of Sumatra, Bandar Lampung was originally called Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung, since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983.[3]

Bandar Lampung
City
City of Bandar Lampung
Kota Bandar Lampung
Clockwise: Adipura Monument, Aerial view of Southern Bandar Lampung, Tanjung Karang Station, Siger Monument
Seal
Motto(s): 
Ragom Gawi (Language and Culture)
Location within Lampung
Bandar Lampung
Location in Southern Sumatra, Sumatra, and Indonesia
Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (Sumatra)
Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (Indonesia)
Coordinates: 5°27′0″S 105°16′0″E
CountryIndonesia
ProvinceLampung
FoundedJune 17, 1682
Government
 • TypeCity
 • MayorHerman Hasanusi
 • Vice MayorMuhammad Yusuf Kohar
Area
 • Total169.21 km2 (65.33 sq mi)
 • Land118.50 km2 (45.75 sq mi)
 • Water23.75 km2 (9.17 sq mi)
Elevation
15 m (49 ft)
Population
 (2017)
1,015,910
Human Development Index
 • HDI (2007)0.742
Time zoneUTC+7 (Indonesia Western Time)
Postcodes
35111 to 35246[2]
Area code(+62) 721
Websitebandarlampungkota.go.id

The city proper and South Lampung Regency (which borders the city on its northern and eastern sides) are major transmigrasi recipients; in testimony thereof, it has become the third-densest city in Sumatra, after Medan and Palembang. The city's area is about 169.21 km², with an estimated population of 1.015.910[4] as of 2017.

History

Early history

A report by the Banten regent William Craft to Governor-General Cornelis Speelman states that, on the basis of a description provided by Pangeran Aria Dipati Ningrat on the 17th June 1682, "Lampung-Telokbetong at the edge of the sea is the seat of power of a Dipati Temenggung Nata Negara, with power over three thousand people". This date would later be adopted by the city administration as its official founding date.[5]

Dutch East Indies

Under the Dutch colonial administration, 1912 Staatsblad 462 codified the city as being part and parcel of the Onderafdeling Telokbetong, composed of present-day Teluk Betung and its environs. The Onderafdeling's capital was Tanjung Karang, whilst Teluk Betung itself served as the seat of government for the Karesidenan Lampung.[5]

Under Japanese occupation

During the Japanese colonial era, present-day Bandar Lampung was administered as a city (市, shi), led by a Japanese mayor (市長, shicho) who was assisted by an Indonesian deputy mayor (副市長, fuku-shicho).[5]

Post-Independence

Tanjung Karang and Teluk Betung initially fell under the jurisdiction of South Lampung Regency, until a 1948 law consolidated the two and elevated them to independent city status.[5]

Administrative divisions

In 2010, the city consisted of thirteen districts (kecamatan), tabulated below with their populations at the 2010 Census:[6]

Since 2010, seven additional districts have been created by the splitting of existing districts, bringing the total to twenty districts. The new districts are Bumi Waras, Enggal, Kedamaian, Labuhan Ratu, Langkapura, Telukbetung Timur (East Telukbetung) and Way Halim.

District divisions of Bandar Lampung.

Climate

Bandar Lampung has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy rainfall year-round. Rain gets noticeably heavier from November to April.

Climate data for Bandar Lampung
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 30.3
(86.5)		 31.0
(87.8)		 31.6
(88.9)		 32.0
(89.6)		 31.9
(89.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 31.3
(88.3)		 31.4
(88.5)		 31.4
(88.5)		 32.0
(89.6)		 32.0
(89.6)		 31.1
(88.0)		 31.5
(88.7)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.4
(79.5)		 26.7
(80.1)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.3
(81.1)		 27.2
(81.0)		 26.8
(80.2)		 26.6
(79.9)		 26.6
(79.9)		 26.7
(80.1)		 27.2
(81.0)		 27.3
(81.1)		 26.9
(80.4)		 26.9
(80.4)
Average low °C (°F) 22.6
(72.7)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.8
(73.0)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.5
(72.5)		 22.0
(71.6)		 21.9
(71.4)		 21.8
(71.2)		 22.1
(71.8)		 22.4
(72.3)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.7
(72.9)		 22.4
(72.3)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 280
(11.0)		 281
(11.1)		 255
(10.0)		 175
(6.9)		 135
(5.3)		 119
(4.7)		 100
(3.9)		 121
(4.8)		 118
(4.6)		 139
(5.5)		 149
(5.9)		 250
(9.8)		 2,122
(83.5)
Source: [7]

Transportation

Air

Bandar Lampung is served by Radin Inten II Airport (TKG), in the neighbouring county of South Lampung. The airport can be accessed by public transportation, such as bus and mini bus.

Road transport
Bandar Lampung University, Campus A
Lampung Bay

Bandar Lampung has several road transportation alternatives. The most popular is a minibus called angkot, an abbreviation from Angkutan Kota (literally translated as City Transportation). They serve routes throughout the city, operated privately and cheaply. Usually, an angkot covers some area between Tanjung Karang (heart of Bandar Lampung) and an urban area. Currently, routes covered are Tanjung Karang - Garuntang, Tanjung Karang - Teluk Betung, Tanjung Karang - Rajabasa, Tanjung Karang - Sukarame, Tanjung Karang - Langkapura and many more.

Bandarlampung Transportation Office has announced that in October 2011 will serve two of seven routes planned by Bus Rapid Transit — the Rajabasa-Sukaraja and Sukaraja-Korpri housing complex in Sukarame.[8]

Rail transport

Tanjung Karang Station in Bandar Lampung is the terminus of the railway service from Palembang, although the railway track continues all the way until Panjang harbor and Tarahan coal offloading point. Many express trains connecting this city and Palembang, including Limex Sriwijaya and Rajabasa Express.

Education

In 2009, Bandar Lampung has a literacy rate of 94.3%,[9] slightly increased from 2005 which was 93.5%. However, the high school participation rate kept decreasing from 69.2% (2007) down to 61.4% (2009).[10] On the other hand, high school participation rate in Indonesia rose from 54.6% in 2007, to 55.8% in 2010.[11]

Malahayati University, Old Rectorate

There are some notable high schools and universities in Bandar Lampung such as SMP Negeri 2 Bandar Lampung (public), SMP Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public), SMA Negeri 9 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smalan), SMA Negeri 1 Bandar Lampung (public, known as Smansa), SMA Al-Kautsar Bandar Lampung (private), SMA Fransiskus Bandar Lampung (private), SMA Xaverius Pahoman (a Catholic private school teaching students from kindergarten to high school, locally known as Xavepa), Lampung University (public, locally known as Unila), Bandar Lampung University (private, locally known as UBL: Universitas Bandar Lampung),Muhammadiyah University of Lampung (known as UML: Universitas Muhammadiyah Lampung and Malahayati University (private). In March 2011, Unila already had 70,866 alumni.[12]

Sister cities

Bandar Lampung is twinned with:

See also

References
  1. "Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2007" (PDF). Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung. 2007. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  2. https://kodepos.nomor.net/_kodepos.php?_i=kecamatan-kodepos&sby=010000&daerah=Kota&jobs=Bandar%20Lampung
  3. "Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 24 Tahun 1983". President of Republic Indonesia. 1983. Retrieved 5 July 2011.
  4. Kota Bandar Lampung Dalam Angka Tahun 2018 (BPS)
  5. "PORTAL Berita Resmi Pemerintahan Kota Bandar Lampung". bandarlampungkota.go.id. Retrieved 3 June 2020.
  6. Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.
  7. https://en.climate-data.org/location/4812
  8. "Bandarlampung to unveil BRT as passenger-friendly transport". 22 September 2011.
  9. "Angka Melek Huruf Penduduk berumur 15 tahun ke atas menurut Kabupaten/Kota 2005-2009" (PDF). Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung, Indonesia. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  10. "Angka Partisipasi Sekolah menurut Kabupaten/Kota" (PDF). Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Lampung, Indonesia. 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 March 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  11. "Indikator Pendidikan Tahun 1994-2010". Badan Pusat Statistik. 2010. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
  12. "WISUDA: Unila Lahirkan 1.403 Sarjana". Lampung Post. 16 March 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
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