Kruševac

Kruševac
Град Крушевац
City
City of Kruševac
Clockwise, from top: Panorama of Kruševac, County Authorities Building, Lazarica Church

Flag
Coat of arms

Location of the city of Kruševac within Serbia
Coordinates: 43°35′N 21°19′E / 43.583°N 21.317°E / 43.583; 21.317Coordinates: 43°35′N 21°19′E / 43.583°N 21.317°E / 43.583; 21.317
Country  Serbia
Region Šumadija and Western Serbia
District Rasina
Founded 1371
Founded by Lazar of Serbia
Settlements 101
Government
 • Mayor Jasmina Palurović (SNS)
Area[1]
Area rank 20th in Serbia
 • Urban 11.30 km2 (4.36 sq mi)
 • Administrative 854 km2 (330 sq mi)
Elevation 163 m (535 ft)
Population (2011 census)[2]
 • Rank 7th in Serbia
 • Urban 73,316
 • Urban density 6,500/km2 (17,000/sq mi)
 • Administrative 128,752
 • Administrative density 150/km2 (390/sq mi)
Time zone UTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code 37000
Area code +381(0)37
Car plates KŠ
Website www.krusevac.rs

Kruševac (Serbian Cyrillic: Крушевац [krûʃeʋats] ( listen)) is a city and the administrative center of the Rasina District in central Serbia. It is located in the valley of West Morava, on Rasina river. According to the 2011 census, the city administrative area has a population of 128,752, while the urban area has 73,316 inhabitants.

The city was founded in 1371, by Prince Lazar of Serbia (1371–1389), who used it as his seat.

Etymology

The etymology is derived from the Serbian word for "river stone", krušac which was largely used for a building at that time.

History

Kruševac was founded in 1371, as a fortified town in the possession of Lord Lazar Hrebeljanović. The Lazarica Church (or Church of St, Stephen) was built by Lazar between 1375–78, in the Morava architectural style.[3] It is mentioned in one of Lazar's edicts in 1387, as his seat, when he affirmed the rights of Venetian merchants on Serbian territory. In preparation for the Battle of Kosovo (1389) against the Ottoman Empire, the Serbian army assembled in the city. The site of Lazar's palace is marked by a ruined enclosure containing a fragment of the tower of his spouse Princess Milica, and, according to legend, tidings of the defeat were brought to her by crows from the battlefield. After the battle, the city was held by Princess Milica as her seat. The little that remains of Lazar's city is the Kruševac Fortress, which was declared a Cultural Monument of Exceptional Importance in 1979.[4] Several old Ottoman houses were left at the beginning of the 20th century, besides an old Turkish fountain and bath, which was known as Alacahisar (Aladža Hisar) during Ottoman rule between 1427–1833 (nominally to 1867) when Kruševac was the seat of the Sanjak of Kruševac. The Ottoman rule was interrupted during Austrian occupations between 1688–1690 and 1717–1739.

A large monument dedicated to the fallen Serbs at the Battle of Kosovo was sculpted by Petar Ubaković (1852–1910). A part of the monument is also a statue of the famous blind Serbian poet Filip Višnjić.

During World War II there was a mass executions of patriots and antifascists on hill Bagdala. Largest execution was in summer of 1943. At place of executions now is a monument named Slobodište (from the serbian word "sloboda" what means freedom). Kruševac was liberated on 14. october when chetnik collaborators and Germans together left the city.

Kruševac had a large progress during period of SFRY. That period, large number of factories were built and Kruševac become one of strongest industrial centrals in Serbia and Yugoslavia. Machine factory IMK 14. oktobar Kruševac employed around 7,000 workers.

But large Kruševac industry have not survived the NATO bombing and post-Milošević transition. In 2002 alone 5 factories went bankrupt.[5] From 2002 to 2014 27 factories closed and around 11,000 workers lost their jobs[6]. The unemployment rate in Kruševac is 39%.[7]

Settlements

Aside from the urban area of Kruševac, the city administrative area includes the following 100 settlements:

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194887,853—    
195394,827+1.54%
1961103,190+1.06%
1971118,016+1.35%
1981132,972+1.20%
1991138,111+0.38%
2002131,368−0.45%
2011128,752−0.22%
Source: [8]

According to the 2011 census results, the city of Kruševac has a total population of 128,752 inhabitants.

Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of the city administrative area:[9]

Ethnic groupPopulation
Serbs122,529
Roma2,461
Montenegrins282
Macedonians200
Croats107
Yugoslavs86
Total128,752

Economy

The most notable large companies based in the city of Kruševac are: Trayal Corporation, IMK 14. oktobar Kruševac, Rubin and Cooper Tire & Rubber Company Serbia.

The following table gives a preview of total number of employed people per their core activity (as of 2016):[10]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing368
Mining15
Processing industry6,804
Distribution of power, gas and water599
Distribution of water and water waste management673
Construction1,222
Wholesale and retail, repair5,002
Traffic, storage and communication1,303
Hotels and restaurants858
Media and telecommunications313
Finance and insurance573
Property stock and charter213
Professional, scientific, innovative and technical activities992
Administrative and other services371
Administration and social assurance1,860
Education2,163
Healthcare and social work2,753
Art, leisure and recreation586
Other services580
Total27,249

Politics

Seats in the city parliament won in the 2016 local elections:

PartySeats
Serbian Progressive Party53
Socialist Party of Serbia8
Democratic Party4
United Serbia4
Independent MP1

Sports

The city's main football club is FK Napredak Kruševac, who regularly play in the Serbian SuperLiga.

Climate

Climate data for Kruševac (1981–2010, extremes 1961–2010)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 20.4
(68.7)		 24.2
(75.6)		 29.6
(85.3)		 31.9
(89.4)		 35.5
(95.9)		 39.6
(103.3)		 43.7
(110.7)		 42.4
(108.3)		 36.8
(98.2)		 33.8
(92.8)		 27.4
(81.3)		 21.7
(71.1)		 43.7
(110.7)
Average high °C (°F) 4.6
(40.3)		 7.2
(45)		 12.5
(54.5)		 18.0
(64.4)		 23.1
(73.6)		 26.4
(79.5)		 28.7
(83.7)		 29.0
(84.2)		 24.1
(75.4)		 18.5
(65.3)		 11.4
(52.5)		 5.6
(42.1)		 17.4
(63.3)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.2
(32.4)		 2.0
(35.6)		 6.6
(43.9)		 11.8
(53.2)		 16.8
(62.2)		 20.0
(68)		 21.8
(71.2)		 21.5
(70.7)		 16.8
(62.2)		 11.6
(52.9)		 5.9
(42.6)		 1.6
(34.9)		 11.4
(52.5)
Average low °C (°F) −3.4
(25.9)		 −2.3
(27.9)		 1.5
(34.7)		 5.6
(42.1)		 10.2
(50.4)		 13.5
(56.3)		 14.9
(58.8)		 14.6
(58.3)		 10.7
(51.3)		 6.3
(43.3)		 1.6
(34.9)		 −1.9
(28.6)		 5.9
(42.6)
Record low °C (°F) −28.1
(−18.6)		 −23.7
(−10.7)		 −17.2
(1)		 −6.1
(21)		 −1.1
(30)		 2.9
(37.2)		 5.8
(42.4)		 3.0
(37.4)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 −21.4
(−6.5)		 −23.9
(−11)		 −28.1
(−18.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 40.3
(1.587)		 39.2
(1.543)		 48.4
(1.906)		 56.6
(2.228)		 56.9
(2.24)		 71.2
(2.803)		 55.0
(2.165)		 49.8
(1.961)		 50.0
(1.969)		 49.3
(1.941)		 56.2
(2.213)		 55.1
(2.169)		 628.1
(24.728)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 13 12 12 13 12 11 10 8 9 9 11 14 134
Average snowy days 8 8 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 7 31
Average relative humidity (%) 85 79 73 71 72 72 70 69 74 79 81 85 76
Mean monthly sunshine hours 54.0 78.7 129.1 154.0 206.0 223.2 269.0 263.2 190.6 137.2 79.1 42.6 1,826.7
Source: Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia[11]

Famous residents

International relations

Twin towns — Sister cities

Kruševac is twinned with:

Other forms of co-operation and city friendship similar to the twin/sister city programmes:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia: Comparative Overview of the Number of Population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002 and 2011, Data by settlements" (PDF). Statistical Office of Republic Of Serbia, Belgrade. 2014. ISBN 978-86-6161-109-4. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
  3. ↑ Filip Jovanovic i Djordje Banovic. "Istorija – Crkva Lazarica – Kruševac – Srpska Pravoslavna Crkva". Lazarica.rs. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  4. ↑ Monuments of Culture in Serbia: ЦРКВА СВ.СТЕФАНА ЛАЗАРИЦА СА КРУШЕВАЧКИМ ГРАДОМ (SANU) (in Serbian) (in English)
  5. ↑ http://krusevacgrad.rs/svi-nasi-porazi-vecina-krusevackih-restrukturasa-zavrsila-u-stecaju/
  6. ↑ http://krusevacgrad.rs/svi-nasi-porazi-vecina-krusevackih-restrukturasa-zavrsila-u-stecaju/
  7. ↑ http://www.blic.rs/vesti/politika/pajtic-krusevac-dotakao-dno-za-vreme-vlasti-sns/ed111nx
  8. ↑ "2011 Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in the Republic of Serbia" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 11 January 2017.
  9. ↑ "ETHNICITY Data by municipalities and cities" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 20 February 2018.
  10. ↑ "ОПШТИНЕ И РЕГИОНИ У РЕПУБЛИЦИ СРБИЈИ, 2017" (PDF). stat.gov.rs (in Serbian). Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
  11. ↑ "Monthly and annual means, maximum and minimum values of meteorological elements for the period 1981 - 2010" (in Serbian). Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia. Retrieved March 13, 2017.
  12. ↑ "AllCorfu.Com: Corfu's Twin Cities". allcorfu.com. Retrieved 25 February 2010.


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