Chloride potassium symporter

The potassium chloride symporter is a membrane transport protein that is present in the S3-segment of the renal proximal tubule^[1] and in the neuron.^[2] It functions in renal chloride reabsorption to transport chloride across the basolateral membrane.^[1] The concentrations of K⁺ and Cl⁻ ions are high inside the cell due to the activities of Na⁺-K⁺ pump and NKCC cotransporter, respectively. Hence, their net driving force acting on the K/Cl cotransporter favours the exit of both K⁺ and Cl⁻ from the cell.

They can lower intracellular chloride concentrations below the electrochemical equilibrium potential.^[2]

Types

Types of chloride potassium symporter are:

Each is encoded by a separate gene.

The preceding symporters are other types of ion pumps. Member 3, for instance, is the sodium-chloride symporter.

1 2 Walter F., PhD. Boron. Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3. Page 780
1 2 "Entrez Gene: SLC12A5 solute carrier family 12, (potassium-chloride transporter) member 5". Retrieved 28 August 2013.

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Proteins: carrier proteins
Fatty acid	FABP1 FABP2 FABP3 FABP4 FABP5 FABP6 FABP7
Hormone	peptide hormone: Follistatin Growth hormone binding protein Insulin-like growth factor binding protein IGFBP1 IGFBP2 IGFBP3 IGFBP4 IGFBP5 IGFBP6 IGFBP7 Neurophysins Neurophysin I II steroid hormone: Sex hormone binding globulin/Androgen binding protein Transcortin Thyroxine-binding globulin Transthyretin
Metal/element	calcium Calcium-binding protein Calmodulin-binding proteins copper Ceruloplasmin iron Iron-binding proteins Transferrin receptor
Vitamin	Retinol binding protein 1 2 3 4 Transcobalamin
Pigment	Plant Light-Harvesting Complex Orange Carotenoid Protein Phycobiliprotein Photosynthetic Reaction Centers Phytochrome Rhodopsin
Other	Acyl carrier protein Adaptor protein Cholesterylester transfer protein F-box protein GTP-binding protein Latent TGF-beta binding protein Major urinary proteins Membrane transport protein Odorant binding protein

Membrane transport protein: neurotransmitter transporters (TC 2.A.1.2)
Vesicular	Vesicular monoamine VMAT1 VMAT2 Vesicular acetylcholine Vesicular glutamate Vesicular GABA
Other	Monoamine DAT NET SERT PMAT Excitatory amino-acid transporter GABA transporter