See also: and
U+98F2, 飲
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-98F2

[U+98F1]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+98F3]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 184, +4, 13 strokes, cangjie input 人戈弓人 (OINO), four-corner 87782, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1417, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44063
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1941, character 20
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4445, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+98F2

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʰl'uːm
*l̥ʰuːmʔ
*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*qɯːm, *qaːb
*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
*krɯːm
*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*ɡram
*ɡram
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*nɯːms
*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
*sɢrɯm
*sɡrɯm
*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
*sɡrɯm
*ɡjɯms
*krɯm
*krɯm
*krɯm
*kʰrɯm
*kʰrɯmʔ
*kʰrɯms
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm
*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
*qrɯm
*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
*qrɯms
*qrɯms
*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意) :  (bottle (of alcoholic beverages)) +  (person) +  (mouth (occasionally with the tongue protruding)) – a person bending over a bottle to drink the alcoholic beverage. The droplets represented drops of the drink or saliva.

In the bronze script, the mouth separated from the body and corrupted into (OC *krɯm), while the rest of the body became (OC *kʰoms). These two components also acted as phonetic components. These changes were inherited in the seal script, leading Shuowen to interpret this character () as a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms) : phonetic  (OC *qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms) + semantic  (yawn).

In the clerical script, has been modified to (“to eat”), which is inherited in the current form.

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔam (to eat; to drink).

Pronunciation 1

trad.
simp.
variant forms
 


𣲎
𩚜
Min Dong and Hokkien (colloquial)
Hokkien (colloquial)

Note:
  • ěng - literary;
  • ǎing - colloquial (“rice water”).
Note:
  • īng - literary;
  • āng - colloquial (“rice water”).
Note:
  • ím - literary;
  • ám - colloquial (“rice water; sticky and watery”).
Note:
  • im2 - literary;
  • am2 - colloquial (“rice water”).

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (140)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠiɪmX/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚimX/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiemX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔjimX/
Li
Rong
/ʔjəmX/
Wang
Li
/ĭĕmX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯əmX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yǐn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yǐn
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔimX ›
Old
Chinese
/*q(r)[u]mʔ/
English drink (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 6625
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qrɯmʔ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. (literary or Cantonese, Hakka) to drink
  2. (Cantonese) to attend a banquet
  3. to swallow (tears); to nurse (grievance); to keep in the heart
  4. Alternative form of (yǐn, “to hide; to conceal”).
  5. beverage; drink
  6. diet; food
  7. (dialectal Cantonese, including Taishanese, Yangjiang; dialectal Gan; Min) rice water
  8. (Xiamen, Zhangping, Taiwanese Hokkien) sticky and watery
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“to drink”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan , ,
Chengdu ,
Yangzhou ,
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou ,
Hong Kong ,
Taishan
Yangjiang ,
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian ,
Miaoli (N. Sixian) , ,
Liudui (S. Sixian) , ,
Hsinchu (Hailu) , ,
Dongshi (Dabu) , ,
Hsinchu (Raoping) , ,
Yunlin (Zhao'an) ,
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou ,
Min Dong Fuzhou
Min Nan Xiamen , ,
Quanzhou , ,
Zhangzhou ,
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Tainan , , ,
Taichung
Hsinchu ,
Lukang
Sanxia
Yilan , ,
Kinmen
Magong ,
Penang
Singapore
Philippines (Manila)
Chaozhou ,
Wu Shanghai ,
Suzhou , ,
Wenzhou ,
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng ,

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

trad.
simp.
variant forms
 


𣲎
𩚜
𢳃 “to water”
𢪪 “to water”

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (140)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () Chongniu III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚimH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔjimH/
Li
Rong
/ʔjəmH/
Wang
Li
/ĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yìn
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yìn
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔimH ›
Old
Chinese
/*q(r)[ə]mʔ-s/
English give to drink

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 6626
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qrɯms/
Notes

Definitions

  1. to give (animals) water to drink; to water (animals)
  2. (Sichuan) to water (plants)
  3. to wine and dine; to entertain with alcohol and food

Synonyms

Compounds


Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form )

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
いん
Grade: 3
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔˠiɪmX, ʔˠiɪmH).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

(hiragana いん, rōmaji in)

  1. drink
  2. bear; endure

Derived terms

Noun

(hiragana いん, rōmaji in)

  1. (literary) drinking (alcoholic beverages)
  2. (literary) drink; beverage
  3. (literary) banquet; feast

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun 마실 (masil eum))

  1. drink
  2. inhale

Compounds


Vietnamese

Han character

(ẩm, ỡm, hẩm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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