U+54C8, 哈
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-54C8

[U+54C7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+54C9]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 30, +6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 口人一口 (ROMR), four-corner 68061, composition)

Derived characters

  • 𫽞, 𭌸

References

  • KangXi: page 189, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3594
  • Dae Jaweon: page 408, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 619, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+54C8

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʰuːm
*quːm, *qromʔ, *qɯːm, *qramʔ, *qɯːb
*ɡuːmʔ, *kuːb
*tkuːb
*tkuːb
*tkuːb
*tuːb, *tʰoːb
*tuːb, *toːb
*tuːb
*tuːb, *tʰoːb
*tkuːb, *ɡuːb
*tkʰuːb, *kuːb, *quːb, *quːb
*kuːb
鴿 *kuːb
*kuːb, *ɡuːb
*kuːb, *ɡuːb
*kuːb, *kʰuːb
*kuːb
*kuːb
*kuːb, *kruːb
*kuːb, *kruːb
*kuːb
*ŋɡuːb
*quːb, *quːb
*qʰuːb, *qʰruːb
*ɡuːb
*ɡuːb
*ɡuːb
*tʰuːb
*tʰoːb
*rtuːb
*kruːb, *kob, *ɡob
*kruːb, *ŋkob
*kruːb
*kʰruːb
*kʰruːb
*ɡruːb
*ɡruːb
*ɡruːb
*ɡruːb
*qʰjob, *qʰrub
*tkʰub
*ɡjub
*krub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub
*qʰrub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋɡuːb) : semantic  (mouth) + phonetic  (OC *kuːb, *ɡuːb).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (31)
Final () (160)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ŋʌp̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ŋəp̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ŋɒp̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ŋəp̚/
Li
Rong
/ŋᴀp̚/
Wang
Li
/ŋɒp̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ŋăp̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
è
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 4966
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
3
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ŋɡuːb/
Notes ha

Definitions

  1. (of fish) many; plenteous
  2. (of a fish's mouth) opening; moving
  3. mouthful; sip

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Note: haai1 - only used in 齊齊哈爾齐齐哈尔, probably due to assimilation.
Note:
  • hah, ha - vernacular;
  • hap - literary.

Definitions

  1. (onomatopoeia) sound of laughter: ha
  2. exclamation of triumph, etc.: ha!
  3. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) Sentence-final particle softening the request.
  4. to breathe out
  5. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to drink (hot tea)
  6. Short for 哈薩克斯坦哈萨克斯坦 (Hāsàkèsītǎn, “Kazakhstan”).
  7. Short for 哈爾濱哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn, “Harbin”).

Compounds

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.
variant forms 𨉣

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (chiefly Mandarin, Jin, colloquial) to bend; to stoop

Compounds

Etymology 4

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Beijing) to scold; to reprimand

Etymology 5

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Note: haa5 - rare.

Definitions

  1. Only used in 哈巴 (hǎba, “Pekingese; pug”).

Compounds

Etymology 6

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. A surname.

Etymology 7

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Note: used in 哈達.

Definitions

  1. Used in compounds.

Compounds

  • 哈德門哈德门
  • 米哈

Etymology 8

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 哈喇 (hāla, “a kind of top-quality woollen goods produced in Russia”).

Compounds

  • 哈喇呢

Etymology 9

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Southwestern Mandarin, Xiang) silly; stupid
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“stupid”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Tianjin
Xi'an
Wuhan , ,
Chengdu , ,
Yangzhou , 木足,
Hefei ,
Cantonese Guangzhou ,
Hong Kong ,
Dongguan , ,
Yangjiang ,
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian ,
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Jin Taiyuan , 二不楞
Min Bei Jian'ou ,
Min Dong Fuzhou
Matsu
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou , 潲面 vulgar
Zhangzhou , 潲面 vulgar
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Penang
Chaozhou , 白仁
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Wenzhou ,
Xiang Changsha ,
Shuangfeng

Compounds

  • 哈帳哈帐
  • 哈話哈话

Etymology 10

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation

Definitions

  1. (Southwestern Mandarin) to tickle

Etymology 11

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 哈士蟆 (hàshimá).

Etymology 12

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 哈巴 (hàba, “knee bending when walking”).

Etymology 13

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (, “to drink”).
  2. Alternative form of (xiā).

Etymology 14

simp. and trad.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Used in placenames.

Compounds

  • 麻哈

Etymology 15

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“smear one's mouth with blood of a victim when taking an oath”).
(This character, , is a variant form of .)

Etymology 16

For pronunciation and definitions of – see 𪘁.
(This character, , is a variant form of 𪘁.)

References


Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

References

  • ” in: 諸橋轍次 (Morohashi Tetsuji), chief ed. 大漢和辞典 (Dai Kan-Wa Jiten, “Comprehensive Chinese–Japanese Dictionary”). 13 vols. 1955–1960. Revised and enlarged ed. 1984–1986. Tokyo: Taishukan.

Korean

Hanja

(hap) (hangeul , revised hap, McCuneReischauer hap)

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Vietnamese

Han character

(cáp, hóp, hộp, ngáp, họp, hớp, ngớp)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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