泔

泔	U+6CD4, 泔 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CD4

← 泓
[U+6CD3]

CJK Unified Ideographs

法 →
[U+6CD5]

Translingual

Han character

泔 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水廿一 (ETM), four-corner 3417₀, composition ⿰氵甘)

References

KangXi: page 616, character 10
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17289
Dae Jaweon: page 1010, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1580, character 1
Unihan data for U+6CD4

Chinese

simp. and trad.		泔

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 泔
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (甘) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
紺	*kɯːms
姏	*mɡaːm
嵌	sɡaːmʔ, kʰraːm
甘	*kaːm
柑	*kaːm
苷	*kaːm
泔	*kaːm
坩	kaːm, kʰaːm
蚶	ɢaːm, ɢaːm
酣	*ɢaːm
甝	*ɢaːm
魽	*ɢaːm
邯	ɡaːm, ɡaːm
鉗	*ɡram
箝	*ɡram
黚	ɡram, ɡrɯm
拑	*ɡram

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kaːm) : semantic 水 (“water”) + phonetic 甘 (OC *kaːm).

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): gān (gan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gam¹
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): kâm

(Meixian, Guangdong): gam¹
Jin (Wiktionary): gan¹
Min Dong (BUC): găng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): kam

(Teochew, Peng'im): gam¹
Wu (Wiktionary): koe (T1)
Xiang (Wiktionary): gan¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: gān
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: kan¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
  - IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: gam¹
  - Yale: gām
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gam¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: gem¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kɐm⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kâm
  - Hakka Romanization System: gam´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: gam¹
  - IPA: /kam²⁴/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: gam¹
  - IPA: /kam⁴⁴/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: gan¹
  - IPA (old-style): /kæ̃¹¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: găng
  - IPA ^(key): /kaŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kam
  - Tâi-lô: kam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: kafm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kam³³/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kam⁴⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: gam¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kam
  - IPA ^(key): /kam³³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: koe (T1)
  - IPA ^(key): /kø⁵³/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: gan¹
  - IPA ^(key): /kan³³/

Middle Chinese: /kɑm/▼

Rime
Character	泔
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	談 (143)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古三切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑm/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑm/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kam/
Li Rong	/kɑm/
Wang Li	/kɑm/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*kaːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	泔
Reading #	1/1
No.	3655
Phonetic component	甘
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	甘
Old Chinese	/*kaːm/

Definitions

泔

water from washing rice; kitchen slops

Compounds

泔水 (gānshuǐ)
泔水桶
泔腳／泔脚 (gānjiǎo)

泔魚／泔鱼
淅二泔
溫泔清／温泔清

潘泔 (pāngān)
米泔
米泔水 (mǐgānshuǐ)

Descendants

→ Vietic: *kəːm (“cooked rice”)
- Vietnamese: cơm

Etymology 2

simp. and trad.		泔

Pronunciation

Min Dong (BUC): āng
Min Nan (POJ): ám

Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: āng
  - IPA ^(key): /aŋ³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ám
  - Tâi-lô: ám
  - Phofsit Daibuun: arm
  - IPA (Xiamen): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /am⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /am⁵³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /am⁴¹/

Definitions

泔

(Min Dong, Hokkien) Alternative form of 飲／饮 (“rice water”).
(Hokkien) Alternative form of 飲／饮 (“sticky and watery”).

Etymology 3

simp. and trad.		泔

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): hàn, gān (han⁴, gan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˋ, ㄍㄢ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
  - Pinyin: hàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˋ
  - Wade–Giles: han⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: hann
  - IPA ^(key): /xän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
  - Pinyin: gān
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: kan¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
  - IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/

Definitions

泔

Only used in 泔淡.

Japanese

Kanji

泔

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): かん (kan); ごん (gon)

Korean

Hanja

泔 (eum 검 (geom))

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

泔: Hán Nôm readings: cam

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

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