食

• (when used as a left Chinese radical) 𩙿／飠／饣

食 (radical 184, 食+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 人戈日女 (OIAV), four-corner 8073₂, composition ⿱人良)

1. Kangxi radical #184, ⾷.

• Index:Chinese radical/食

• KangXi: page 1415, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 44014
• Dae Jaweon: page 1939, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4440, character 1
• Unihan data for U+98DF

Historical forms of the character 食
Shang	Western Zhou	Spring and Autumn	Warring States			Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Bronze inscriptions	Chu Slip and silk script	Qin slip script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) : a mouth over a bowl of rice on a stand. While the current form is 人+良, the lower part (bowl of rice on a stand) is cognate to 皀, not to 良 or 艮. This is more visible in the form 𠊊.

Shuowen: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *lɯɡs, *ɦljɯɡ) : phonetic 亼 (OC *zub) + semantic 皀; see 𠊊.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *m/s/g-ljak.

• Shaojiang Min (Jiangle): ʃi8

食

1. (Cantonese, Hakka, Min) to eat; to have a meal; to take in

   你食咗飯未呀？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   你食咗饭未呀？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   Nei⁵ sik⁶ zo² faan⁶ mei⁶ aa³? [Jyutping]

   Have you eaten yet?

   • 中國人係揸筷子食飯嘅。 [Cantonese, trad.]
     中国人系揸筷子食饭嘅。 [Cantonese, simp.]

     Zung¹ gwok³ jan⁴ hai⁶ zaa¹ faai³ zi² sik⁶ faan⁶ ge³. [Jyutping]

     Chinese people use chopsticks to eat with.

   • 上星期日我同啲朋友一齊食晚飯。 [Cantonese, trad.]
     上星期日我同啲朋友一齐食晚饭。 [Cantonese, simp.]

     Soeng⁶ sing¹ kei⁴ jat⁶ ngo⁵ tung⁴ di¹ pang⁴ jau⁵ jat¹ cai⁴ sik⁶ maan⁵ faan⁶. [Jyutping]

     Last Sunday, I ate dinner together with my friends.

2. (Hakka, Min) to drink

   食酒愛食竹葉青。 [Hakka, trad.]
   食酒爱食竹叶青。 [Hakka, simp.]

   From: 食酒歌

   Sṳ̍t-chiú oi sṳ̍t chuk-ya̍p-chhiâng. [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]

   If you're drink wine, you have to drink Zhuyeqing (three-year-old Shaoxing wine).

3. (Cantonese, Hakka, Min) to smoke

   食煙 / 食烟 [Cantonese]  ―  sik⁶ jin¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to smoke

4. (Cantonese, chess, etc.) to capture
5. ^† meal; food
6. ^† edible
7. ^† Alternative form of 蝕／蚀 (shí, “to eat away; to erode”).
8. ^† Alternative form of 蝕／蚀 (shí, “eclipse (of the Sun or Moon)”).

• Cantonese, Hakka, and Min regularly use 食 to mean “to eat” (for Min, see also Etymologies 3 and 4), whereas Mandarin uses 吃 (chī).
• Mandarin uses 吸 (xī) for “to smoke”.

The *s- causative of Etymology 1.

食

1. ^† Original form of 飼／饲 (sì, “to feed; to make ... eat or cause ... to eat”).

Unlikely to be related to Etymology 1 (Norman, 1991, Klöter, 2005, Fuehrer and Yang, 2014). Kwok (2018) reconstructs Proto-Southern-Min *tsiaʔ⁸, and tentatively reconstructs Proto-Min *dziak. Schuessler (2007) suggests it derives from 嚼 (OC Later Han: *dziak).

食

1. (Coastal Min) to eat; to have a meal

   食飯 / 食饭 [Min Nan]  ―  chia̍h-pn̄g [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to eat rice; to have a meal

   汝食飽未？ / 汝食饱未？ [Min Nan]  ―  Lí chia̍h pá bōe? [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Have you eaten yet?

2. (Coastal Min) to drink;

   食茶 [Teochew]  ―  ziah⁸ tê⁵ [Peng'im]  ―  to drink tea

   食燒酒 / 食烧酒 [Min Nan]  ―  chia̍h sio-chiú [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to drink rice wine

3. (Coastal Min) to take in; to inhale

   食薰 [Min Nan]  ―  chia̍h-hun [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  to inhale smoke; to smoke

• This etymon is often taken as the vernacular counterpart to Etymology 1.

From 饁 (OC *ɢrab), via Proto-Min *jiap or *jiat (Norman, 1991, Schuessler, 2007).

• Min Zhong (Yong'an): ie4

食

1. (Inland Min) to eat

• This etymon is often taken as the vernacular counterpart to Etymology 1.

食

1. ^† Only used in names.

   酈食其 / 郦食其  ―  Lì Yìjī  ―  Li Yiji (an advisor to Liu Bang)

• “Entry #5589”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. to eat
2. a meal

• Go-on: い (i); じ (ji); じき (jiki, Jōyō, uncommon)
• Kan-on: い (i); し (shi); しょく (shoku, Jōyō)
• Kun: くう (kuu, 食う, Jōyō); くらう (kurau, 食らう, Jōyō); たべる (taberu, 食べる, Jōyō); はむ (hamu, 食む); すく (suku, 食く); おし (oshi, 食し); おす (osu, 食す); たぐ (tagu, 食ぐ); たぶ (tabu, 食ぶ); うか (uka, 食); うけ (uke, 食); け (ke, 食); し (shi, 食)

Unbound apophonic form uke.

食 (hiragana うか, rōmaji uka)

1. food
2. grain

uka + i → uke₂ → uke. Bound apophonic form 食 (uka).

食 (hiragana うけ, rōmaji uke)

1. food

Cognate with 笥 (ke).

食 (hiragana け, rōmaji ke)

1. food

   御 (み)食 (け)つ国 (くに)

   mi ke tsu kuni

   the land of foods

食 (hiragana し, rōmaji shi)

1. food

食 (hiragana しょく, rōmaji shoku)

1. a meal
2. foodstuff
3. an eclipse

食 (eumhun 밥 식 (bap sik))

食 (eumhun 먹을 식 (meogeul sik))

食 (eumhun 먹이 사 (meogi sa))

食 (eumhun 사람 이름 이 (saram ireum i))

食

• Kun: かむん (食むん, khamun)

食

• Kun: ふぉー (食ー, fō)

食

• Kun: かぬん (食ぬん, kanun)

食 (thực, tự)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

食

• Kun: ほーん (食ーん, hōn)

食

• Kun: ふん (食ん, fun)