一
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Stroke order | |||
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Han character
一 (radical 1, 一+0, 1 stroke, cangjie input 一 (M), four-corner 10000)
- Kangxi radical #1, ⼀.
- Shuōwén Jiězì radical №1
Descendants
References
- KangXi: page 75, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1
- Dae Jaweon: page 129, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 1, character 1
- Unihan data for U+4E00
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
一 | |
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variant forms | 壹 financial 弌 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 一 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Ancient script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Characters in the same phonetic series (一) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
一 | *qliɡ |
弌 | *qliɡ |
A horizontal stroke, indicating the number one.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ʔit. Descendants from the *ʔit etymon account for the majority of the dialectal forms for "one" in Chinese (Mandarin, Jin, Gan, Hakka, Hui, Xiang, Yue, Wu groups, etc.).
In Min, an additional unrelated form is found and used as the colloquial reading for "one". Compare:
- Fuzhou/Fuding suoʔ8, Fuqing θyo8, Gutian syøʔ8, Ningde søʔ8, Zhouning sɔʔ8, Putian ɬoʔ8, Xiamen/Quanzhou/Yongchun/Zhangzhou tsit̚8, Leizhou/Haikou ziak8, Longyan tse4, Youxi ɕie7, Jian'ou/Songxi tsi5, Jianyang tsi8.
Whether all of the forms above are related and their origins remain unelucidated; they may be derived from 蜀 (cf. 獨 (“single, alone”)), 隻 (< *tjak ~ g-t(j)ik) or 禃.
Pronunciation
Definitions
一
- one
- each; every
- single; alone
- whole; entire; all: throughout
- 《一生不變》 / 《一生不变》 [Literary Cantonese] ― “jat1 saang1 bat1 bin3” [Jyutping] ― "Unchanging Throughout a Lifetime" (a 1989 song by Hacken Lee)
- same; identical
- † another; alternative
- With the verb modified reduplicated, expressing the transience of the verb.
- Indicating that the action has occurred only once.
- Indicating the intention to try.
- Indicating that the action has occurred only once.
- once; as soon as; upon
- † for the first time; at the beginning
- † surprisingly; unexpectedly
- (LGBT, slang) top
- alt. forms: 1
Usage notes
Address of "one"
- In Mandarin, when spelling a phone number, one on dice or dominoes, one is pronounced 幺 (yāo). This is similar to the English pronunciation of '0' as 'o' in strings of digits, such as 90210.
Tone sandhi
- See pronunciation section for tone sandhi rules in Modern Standard Chinese.
- In the Beijing dialect, there is a kind of tone sandhi in which 一 is pronounced as yí regardless of the succeeding tone (Tao, 2002):
See also
- 幺 (yāo)
Chinese numbers | ||||||||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 102 | 103 | 104 | 108 | 1012 | |
Normal (小寫/小写) |
〇 | 一 | 二 | 三 | 四 | 五 | 六 | 七 | 八 | 九 | 十 | 百 | 千 | 萬/万 | 億/亿 | 兆 (Taiwan) 萬億/万亿 (Mainland China) |
Financial (大寫/大写) |
零 | 壹 | 貳/贰 | 參/叁 | 肆 | 伍 | 陸/陆 | 柒 | 捌 | 玖 | 拾 | 佰 | 仟 |
Compounds
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Descendants
Others:
References
- “Entry #2”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 一握 (ichiaku)
- 一案 (ichian)
- 一意 (ichii)
- 一位 (ichii)
- 一尉 (ichii)
- 一一, 一々 (ichiichi, “one by one”)
- 一員 (ichiin)
- 一因 (ichiin)
- 一円 (ichien)
- 一応 (ichiō)
- 一往 (ichiō)
- 一概 (ichigai)
- 一月 (ichigatsu), 一月 (hitotsuki)
- 一見 (ichigen)
- 一元 (ichigen)
- 一撃 (ichigeki)
- 一隅 (ichigū)
- 一途 (ichizu)
- 一番 (ichiban)
- 一望 (ichibō)
- 一別 (ichibetsu)
- 一瞥 (ichibetsu)
- 一抹 (ichimatsu)
- 一面 (ichimen)
- 一約 (ichiyaku)
- 一躍 (ichiyaku)
- 一龠 (ichiyaku): a unit of volume equal to 1,200 millet grains
- 一翼 (ichiyoku)
- 一覧 (ichiran)
- 一律 (ichiritsu)
- 一流 (ichiryū)
- 一陣 (ichijin)
- 一日 (ichinichi)
- 一家 (ikka)
- 一気 (ikki)
- 一期 (ikki)
- 一揆 (ikki)
- 一挙 (ikkyo)
- 一系 (ikkei)
- 一茎 (ikkei)
- 一犬 (ikken): one dog
- 一件 (ikken): one case, one matter
- 一見 (ikken)
- 一軒 (ikken): one house
- 一間 (ikken)
- 一行 (ikkō)
- 一向 (ikkō)
- 一切 (issai)
- 一生 (isshō)
- 一斉 (issei)
- 一世 (issei)
- 一閃 (issen)
- 一層 (issō)
- 一掃 (issō)
- 一足飛び (issokutobi)
- 一体 (ittai)
- 一定 (ittei)
- 一般 (ippan)
- 一本 (ippon)
- 一過 (ikka)
- 一介 (ikkai)
- 一回 (ikkai)
- 一角 (ikkaku)
- 一括 (ikkatsu)
- 一環 (ikkan)
- 一貫 (ikkan)
- 一級 (ikkyū)
- 一計 (ikkei)
- 一決 (ikketsu)
- 一己 (ikko)
- 一個 (ikko)
- 一顧 (ikko)
- 一向 (ikkō)
- 一考 (ikkō)
- 一院制 (ichiinsei)
- 一過性 (ikkasei)
- 一寸先 (issunsaki)
- 一等星 (ittōsei)
- 一辺倒 (ippentō)
- 一意専心 (ichiisenshin)
- 一伍一什 (ichigoichijū)
- 一期一会 (ichigoichie)
- 一言居士 (ichigenkoji)
- 一汁一菜 (ichijūissai)
- 一網打尽 (ichimōdajin)
- 一獲千金 (ikkakusenkin)
- 一攫千金 (ikkakusenkin)
- 一喜一憂 (ikki ichiyū)
- 一気呵成 (ikki kasei)
- 一騎当千 (ikkitōsen)
- 一極集中 (ikkyokushūchū)
- 一挙両得 (ikkyoryōtoku)
- 一触即発 (isshokusokuhatsu)
- 一心同体 (isshin dōtai)
- 一心不乱 (isshinfuran)
- 一石二鳥 (issekinichō)
- 一長一短 (itchōittan)
- 一刀両断 (ittōryōdan)
- 一衣帯水 (ichiitaisui)
- 一旗揚げる (hitohataageru)
- 一寸先は闇 (issunsakihayami)
- 一山当てる (hitoyamaateru)
- 一皮剥ける (hitokawamukeru)
- 尺一 (shakuichi, “one shaku and one sun”)
- 尺一 (sekiitsu): in ancient China, the paperboard on which the imperial decree was written, or the imperial decree
- 画一 (kakuitsu)
- 統一 (tōitsu)
Alternative forms
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
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一 |
いち Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
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Cardinal : 一 | ||
From Middle Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚).
The goon reading, so likely the initial borrowing.
Noun
Derived terms
Idioms
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
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一 |
いつ Grade: 1 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 一 (MC ʔiɪt̚).
The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing.
Pronunciation
Derived terms
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
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一 |
ひと Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
*⟨pi2to2⟩ → */pɨtə/ → /fito/ → /hito/
From Old Japanese.
Derived terms
- 一つ (hitotsu)
Prefix
一 (hiragana ひと, rōmaji hito-)
Derived terms
- 一足先 (hito-ashisaki)
- 一汗 (hitoase)
- 一雨 (hitoame)
- 一安心 (hito-anshin)
- 一切り (hitokiri)
- 一口 (hitokuchi)
- 一工夫 (hito-kufū)
- 一苦労 (hito-kurō)
- 一言 (hitokoto)
- 一頻り (hitoshikiri)
- 一筋 (hitosuji)
- 一溜まり (hitotamari)
- 一通り (hitotōri)
- 一所, 一処 (hitotokoro)
- 一飲み (hitonomi)
- 一葉 (hitoha)
- 一旗 (hitohata)
- 一花 (hitohana)
- 一先, 一先ず (hitomazu)
- 一巡り, 一周り (hitomeguri)
- 一休み (hitoyasumi)
- 一人 (hitori)
- 一渡り, 一渉り (hitowatari)
Derived terms
- 一索 (īsō, “one bamboo”, mahjong tile)
- 一荘 (īchan)
- 一筒 (īpin, “one circle”, mahjong tile)
- 一盃口 (īpēkō, yaku)
- 一萬 (īwan, “one wan”, mahjong tile)
Etymology 7
Kanji in this term |
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一 |
はじめ Grade: 1 |
Irregular |
From 始め (hajime, “beginning, first”), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 始める (hajimeru, “to begin something”).
The use of the kanji 一 for "one" is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓).
Coordinate terms
Japanese numbers | |||||||||||
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0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | |
Regular | 零 (rei) 零 (zero) |
一 (ichi) | 二 (ni) | 三 (san) | 四 (yon) 四 (shi) |
五 (go) | 六 (roku) | 七 (nana) 七 (shichi) |
八 (hachi) | 九 (kyū) 九 (ku) |
十 (jū) |
Formal | 壱 (ichi) | 弐 (ni) | 参 (san) | 拾 (jū) | |||||||
90 | 100 | 300 | 600 | 800 | 1,000 | 3,000 | 8,000 | 10,000 | 100,000,000 | ||
Regular | 九十 (kyūjū) | 百 (hyaku) 一百 (ippyaku) |
三百 (sanbyaku) | 六百 (roppyaku) | 八百 (happyaku) | 千 (sen) 一千 (issen) |
三千 (sanzen) | 八千 (hassen) | 一万 (ichiman) | 一億 (ichioku) | |
Formal | 一萬 (ichiman) | ||||||||||
1012 | 8×1012 | 1013 | 1016 | 6×1016 | 8×1016 | 1017 | 1018 | ||||
一兆 (itchō) | 八兆 (hatchō) | 十兆 (jutchō) | 一京 (ikkei) | 六京 (rokkei) | 八京 (hakkei) | 十京 (jukkei) | 百京 (hyakkei) |
Vietnamese
Han character
一: Hán Việt readings: nhất[1][2][3], nhứt[3]
一: Nôm readings: nhất[1][2][3], nhắt[1][4], nhứt[2]
References
- Nguyễn (2014).
- Nguyễn et al. (2009).
- Trần (2004).
- Hồ (1976).