U+4E01, 丁
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4E01

[U+4E00]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4E02]

Translingual

Stroke order
Stroke order

Han character

(radical 1, +1, 2 strokes, cangjie input 一弓 (MN), four-corner 10200, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 75, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2
  • Dae Jaweon: page 135, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 2, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+4E01

Chinese

simp. and trad.
variant forms 𠆤

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts





References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋʔ
*tʰeːnʔ, *tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ, *deːŋʔ
*rteŋʔ, *teːŋʔ
*rteŋʔ, *rdeŋ
*rteːŋ, *rdeːŋ
*rteːŋ, *teːŋ
*rteːŋ, *teːŋ
*rdeːŋ, *tʰeŋ, *teːŋ
*rdeːŋ
*teːŋ, *teːŋs
*teːŋ, *teːŋʔ
*teːŋ
*teːŋ
*teːŋ
*teːŋʔ
*teːŋʔ
*teːŋʔ
*teːŋʔ
*teːŋʔ, *deːŋ
*teːŋs
*teːŋs, *tʰeːŋ, *deːŋʔ
*teːŋs
*tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋs
*tʰeːŋ, *tʰeːŋʔ
*tʰeːŋ
*deːŋ
*deːŋ
*deːŋ
*deːŋ
*deːŋ
*deːŋ

Pictogram (象形) – a nail. The derivative is now used to represent this sense.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation



  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 丁 (姓)
Mandarin Beijing /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /tiŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /tiŋ²¹/
Jinan /tiŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /tiŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /tiŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /tiŋ²¹/
Xining /tiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /tiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /tĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /tiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /tin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /tin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /tin⁵⁵/
Kunming /tĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /tin³¹/
Hefei /tin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /tiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /tiŋ¹³/
Hohhot /tĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /tiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /tin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /tin³³/
Wenzhou /teŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /tiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /tɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /tin³³/
Xiangtan /tin³³/
Gan Nanchang /tiɑŋ⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /ten⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /ten²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /teŋ⁵³/
Nanning /teŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /tiŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /taiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /teŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdeŋ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋ/
Li
Rong
/teŋ/
Wang
Li
/tieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dīng
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dīng dīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ teng › ‹ teng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ/ /*tˁeŋ/
English 4th heavenly stem nail (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2378
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋ/
Notes

Definitions

  1. the fourth of the ten heavenly stems
  2. fourth
       dīngwán   butane (fourth alkane)
  3. robust; vigorous
  4. male adult; man
    /    zhuàngdīng   able-bodied man
  5. person; may specifically refer to member of a family
       réndīng   person
  6. small cube
  7. A surname.
Coordinate terms
Compounds

Etymology 2

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (9)
Final () (117)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʈˠɛŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʈᵚæŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ȶɐŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʈəɨjŋ/
Li
Rong
/ȶɛŋ/
Wang
Li
/ȶæŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ȶæŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
zhēng
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
zhēng
Middle
Chinese
‹ trɛng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁreŋ/
English sound of beating

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2372
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*rteːŋ/

Definitions

  1. Only used in 丁丁 (zhēngzhēng).

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to sting; to bite; to advise; to urge; to repeat what one says to make sure; etc.”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 4

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to gaze upon, keep eyes on”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 5

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“gold slab; nail; etc.”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

Etymology 6

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to cobble, to patch”).
(This character, , is the second-round simplified form of .)
Notes:

References


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. leaf, block, classifier for cake
  2. something D
    1. fourth in rank
  3. street
  4. even

Readings

As in the onomatopoeia 丁丁:

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
てい
Grade: 3
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (teng)

Pronunciation

Proper noun

(hiragana てい, rōmaji Tei)

  1. something D
    1. fourth in rank

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
ちょう
Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana ちょう, rōmaji chō)

  1. street, district
    北八番 (きたはちばん) (ちょう)
    kita-hachiban-chō
    northern eighth district
    ぶらくり (ちょう)
    burakuri-chō
    Burakuri street
  2. even (especially of dice)
     (ちょう) (はん)
    chō ka han ka
    even or odd

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
ひのと
Grade: 3
kun’yomi

(hi, fire, one of the Five Elements) + (no, attributive marker) + (oto, younger brother)

Pronunciation

Proper noun

(hiragana ひのと, rōmaji Hinoto)

  1. the fourth of the ten Heavenly Stems

Korean

Hanja

• (jeong)

  • Eumhun:
    • Sound (hangeul): (revised: jeong, McCuneReischauer: chŏng, Yale: ceng)
    • Name (hangeul): 고무래, 장정 (revised: gomurae, jangjeong, McCuneReischauer: komurae, changjŏng, Yale: komuray, cangceng)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References


Vietnamese

Han character

Readings

Compounds
  • 丁𡥵 (đứa con), child

References

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