U+82B1, 花
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82B1

[U+82B0]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+82B2]
花 U+2F993, 花
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F993
劳
[U+2F992]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 芳
[U+2F994]

Translingual

Stroke order
Simplified Chinese and Japanese

Han character

(radical 140, +4, 8 strokes in traditional Chinese, Japanese and Korean, 7 strokes in mainland China, cangjie input 廿人心 (TOP), four-corner 44214, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1020, character 21
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30734
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1478, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3181, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+82B1

Chinese

trad.
simp. #
variant forms


𠌶

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*ŋʷaːl
*ŋʷaːl
*ŋʷaːl
*lu, *ŋʷaːl
*ŋʷaːl
*hʷa
*hŋʷaːls
*hʷraː
*hŋʷraːls
*hŋʷraːls
*pilʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *hʷraː) : semantic  (grass; plant) + phonetic  (OC *hŋʷraːls). Originally 𠌶 or before the Han dynasty.

Etymology

Unknown. According to Schuessler (2007), either from:

Pronunciation


Note:
  • hoe - vernacular;
  • hoa - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (32)
Final () (99)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/hˠua/
Pan
Wuyun
/hʷᵚa/
Shao
Rongfen
/xua/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/hwaɨ/
Li
Rong
/xua/
Wang
Li
/xwa/
Bernard
Karlgren
/xwa/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huā
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
huā
Middle
Chinese
‹ xwæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*qʷʰˁra/
English flower (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 5326
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*hʷraː/
Notes

Definitions

  1. flower; blossom (Classifier: m;  m;  m;  m;  m;  m)
       huāduǒ   flower
  2. florid; flowery
  3. pattern; design
       sōnghuādàn   thousand-year-old egg
  4. blurred
       yǎnhuā   to have blurred vision
  5. fireworks
  6. essence; cream
  7. wound
  8. smallpox
  9. courtesan; prostitute
  10. to spend (money, time, etc.); to cost
  11. profligate
  12. (slang) randy; lecherous
  13. (slang) to be horny; to womanize
  14. false
  15. (Cantonese) scratched
  16. A surname. Hua

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 花朵 (“flower”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 花朵
Mandarin Beijing 花兒
Taiwan
Jinan
Muping
Xi'an
Lanzhou 花兒
Ürümqi
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong
Huizhou Jixi
Jin Taiyuan 花兒
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Fuqing
Matsu
Min Nan Xiamen , 花蕊
Quanzhou , 花蕊
Zhangzhou , 花蕊
Taipei , 花蕊
Penang
Singapore
Philippines (Manila)
Chaozhou
Haikou
Leizhou
Pinghua Nanning 花朵
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Chongming
Jinhua
Ningbo
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng

Compounds

Descendants

  • Ai-Cham: hwa¹
  • Korean: (hwa)
  • Vietnamese: hoa

Japanese

Kanji

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. flower
  2. beauty
  3. red-light district

Readings

Compounds

Alternative forms

Etymology

Kanji in this term
はな
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

/pana//fana//hana/

From Old Japanese.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana はな, rōmaji hana)

  1. a flower
    • 1999 February 4, “えんそう [Fire Grass]”, in Vol.1, Konami:
       () (ざん) (ちか)くに (せい) (そく)する (くさ) (はな)から () (えん) () (こう) (げき)する。
      Kazan no chikaku ni seisoku suru kusa. Hana kara kaen o fuki kōgeki suru.
      A grass that grows near volcanoes. It breathes fire from its flowers.
    • 1999 March 1, “ダーク・プラント [Dark Plant]”, in BOOSTER 1, Konami:
       () (せん)された (つち) (やみ) (ちから) (そだ)てられた (はな)。とても (きょう) (ぼう)
      Osen sareta tsuchi to yami no chikara de sodaterareta hana. Totemo kyōbō.
      A flower that grows from polluted soil and dark powers. It is very nasty.
    • 1999 May 25, “しんえんはな [The Flower That Blooms in the Abyss]”, in BOOSTER 2, Konami:
       (ひかり) (とど)かない (しん) (えん)にひっそりと ()く、あまり ()かけない (はな)
      Hikari no todokanai shin'en ni hissori to saku, amari mikakenai hana.
      A rarely seen flower that silently blooms in the depths of the abyss where the sun never shines.
    • 1999 July 5, “いのちあるびん [Living Vase]”, in BOOSTER 3, Konami:
       ()けてある (はな)から、 () (ふん) ()ばし ()みついてくる ()きている () (びん)
      Iketearu hana kara, kafun o tobashi kamitsuitekuru ikiteiru kabin.
      A living vase that bites and releases pollen from its living flowers.
     (はな) () (ごろ)
    hana ga saku goro
    when the flowers bloom
  2. Short for 生け花 (ikebana): flower arrangement
  3. Short for 花札 (hanafuda): Japanese playing cards
  4. the best days of one's life
  5. the best thing
  6. essence

Descendants

Derived terms

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(eumhun (kkot hwa))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Kunigami

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pʰanaː/

Noun

(hiragana ぱなー, romaji phanā)

  1. flower

Miyako

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pana/

Noun

(hiragana ぱな, romaji pana)

  1. flower

Okinawan

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /hana/

Noun

(hiragana はな, romaji hana)

  1. flower

Vietnamese

Han character

: Hán Việt readings: hoa (()(qua)(thiết))[1][2][3], huê[3]
: Nôm readings: hoa[1][2][3][4], huê[1][3][4], oa[1], ba[2]

  1. Hán tự form of hoa (flower).

Compounds

References

  1. Nguyễn (2014).
  2. Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. Trần (2004).
  4. Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).

Yaeyama

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pana/

Noun

(hiragana ぱな, romaji pana)

  1. flower

Yonaguni

Kanji

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /hana/

Noun

(hiragana はな, romaji hana)

  1. flower
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