開花
See also: 开花
Chinese
| open; operate (vehicle); start | flower; blossom; to spend; fancy pattern | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| trad. (開花) | 開 | 花 | |
| simp. (开花) | 开 | 花 | |
Pronunciation
Verb
開花
- to blossom; to bloom; to flower
- 但有一個夢，不會死，記著吧！無論雨怎麼打，自由仍是會開花！ [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
- From: 周禮茂 (lyricist), 《自由花》
- Daan6 jau5 jat1 go3 mung6, bat1 wui5 sei2, gei3 zoek6 baa6! Mou4 leon4 jyu5 zam2 mo1 daa2, zi6 jau4 jing4 si6 wui5 hoi1 faa1! [Jyutping]
- But there is a dream [which] does not die, remember it! No matter how [heavy] the rain is, freedom will still blossom!
但有一个梦，不会死，记着吧！无论雨怎么打，自由仍是会开花！ [Literary Cantonese, simp.]
- (figuratively) to burst; to split open; to break open
- (figuratively) to burst with joy
- (figuratively) to spread over; to spring up
Descendants
Japanese
| Kanji in this term | |
|---|---|
| 開 | 花 |
| かい Grade: 3 |
か Grade: 1 |
| on’yomi | |
Etymology
From Middle Chinese compound 開花 (khoj xwæ, literally “to open + flower”). Compare modern Mandarin reading kāihuā.
Noun
開花 (hiragana かいか, rōmaji kaika, historical hiragana かいくわ)
- flowering, blossoming
- 今年は開花が早い。
- Kotoshi wa kaika ga hayai.
- This year's bloom was early.
- 今年は開花が早い。
- (by extension) showing results, bearing fruit, being successful
Verb
開花する (intransitive, hiragana かいかする, rōmaji kaika suru)
- to flower, to blossom, to bloom
- (by extension) to show results, to bear fruit, to be a success
Conjugation
Conjugation of "開花する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Stem forms | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Imperfective (未然形) | 開花し | かいかし | kaika shi | |
| Continuative (連用形) | 開花し | かいかし | kaika shi | |
| Terminal (終止形) | 開花する | かいかする | kaika suru | |
| Attributive (連体形) | 開花する | かいかする | kaika suru | |
| Hypothetical (仮定形) | 開花すれ | かいかすれ | kaika sure | |
| Imperative (命令形) | 開花せよ¹ 開花しろ² |
かいかせよ¹ かいかしろ² |
kaika seyo¹ kaika shiro² | |
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | 開花される | かいかされる | kaika sareru | |
| Causative | 開花させる 開花さす |
かいかさせる かいかさす |
kaika saseru kaika sasu | |
| Potential | 開花できる | かいかできる | kaika dekiru | |
| Volitional | 開花しよう | かいかしよう | kaika shiyō | |
| Negative | 開花しない | かいかしない | kaika shinai | |
| Negative continuative | 開花せず | かいかせず | kaika sezu | |
| Formal | 開花します | かいかします | kaika shimasu | |
| Perfective | 開花した | かいかした | kaika shita | |
| Conjunctive | 開花して | かいかして | kaika shite | |
| Hypothetical conditional | 開花すれば | かいかすれば | kaika sureba | |
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative | ||||
Synonyms
- (bloom): 咲く (saku)
References
- 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
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