U+82F1, 英
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82F1

[U+82F0]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+82F2]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 140, +5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 廿中月大 (TLBK), four-corner 44530, composition)

Derived characters

References

  • KangXi: page 1024, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30808
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1484, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3192, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+82F1

Chinese

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*qaːŋ, *qaŋ
*qaːŋ
*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
*qaːŋ
*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
*qaːŋʔ
*qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
*qaːŋʔ
*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
*qaŋ
*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
*qaŋ
*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
*qaŋ, *qraŋ
*qaŋ
*qaŋ, *qroːŋ
*qaŋʔ
*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
*qaŋʔ
*qaŋʔ
*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
*qaŋʔ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋ
*qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *qraŋ) : semantic  (grass) + phonetic  (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology

Uncertain, possibly from Proto-Sino-Tibetan & related to Mizo ân (to open the mouth to receive food, to open to) and âng (to open (mouth), to gape with open mouth), thus (OC *qraŋ) conjures the mental image of an opening flower (Schuessler, 2007).

However, Schuessler points to Mizo êng (light) and Mizo ên (to shine, to give light, bright, brilliant) as well as notes Bahnar à:ŋ (light) (which is from Proto-Mon-Khmer *cʔaiŋ (light, to shine)), though he suggests that these Austroasiatic and Mizo items may be related to (OC *qraŋʔ, “shadow”) instead (ibid.)

Pronunciation


Note:
  • iaⁿ - vernacular;
  • eng - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /iŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iŋ²¹/
Jinan /iŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iŋ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /in⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /in²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jeŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jeŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /eŋ³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /eŋ²³/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (34)
Final () (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔiajŋ/
Li
Rong
/ʔiɐŋ/
Wang
Li
/ĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yīng
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjæng ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔ<r>aŋ/
English young grass plants

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 14510
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qraŋ/

Definitions

  1. flower, petal
  2. outstanding
  3. fine, excellent
  4. brave
  5. hero
  6. Short for 英國英国 (Yīngguó, “Britain”).
    /    yīngjūn   British Armed Forces
  7. A surname.

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. English
  2. flower, petal

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
えい
Grade: 4
kan’on

From Middle Chinese (MC ʔˠiæŋ).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Proper noun

(hiragana えい, rōmaji Ei)

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, United Kingdom).

Affix

(hiragana えい, rōmaji ei)

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, United Kingdom).
  2. Short for 英語 (eigo, English (language)).
  3. outstanding; outstanding person
  4. flower; calyx

Derived terms

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(yeong) (hangeul , McCuneReischauer yŏng, Yale yeng)

  1. the UK, Great Britain(In compounds, in news media)
  2. petal

Vietnamese

Han character

(anh)
  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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