List of sovereign states in 2017
Sovereign states by year | ||
---|---|---|
List of sovereign states in 2016 | Events of 2017 | List of sovereign states in 2018 |
Sovereign states
A
Abkhazia – Republic of Abkzhazia (de facto independent state)
Capital: Sukhumi Afghanistan – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, UN member state
Capital: Kabul Albania – Republic of Albania, UN member state
Capital: Tirana Algeria – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, UN member state
Capital: Algiers Andorra – Principality of Andorra, UN member state
Capital: Andorra la Vella Angola – Republic of Angola, UN member state
Capital: Luanda Antigua and Barbuda – UN member state
Capital: St. John's Argentina – Argentine Republic, UN member state[1]
Capital: Buenos Aires Armenia – Republic of Armenia, UN member state[2]
Capital: Yerevan Artsakh – (de facto independent state)- Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (to 20 February)
- Republic of Artsakh (from 20 February)
Capital: Stepanakert
Australia – Commonwealth of Australia, UN member state
Capital: Canberra Austria – Republic of Austria, UN member state
Capital: Vienna Azerbaijan – Republic of Azerbaijan, UN member state
Capital: Baku
B
Bahamas, The – Commonwealth of the Bahamas, UN member state
Capital: Nassau Bahrain – Kingdom of Bahrain, UN member state
Capital: Manama Bangladesh – People's Republic of Bangladesh, UN member state
Capital: Dhaka Barbados – UN member state
Capital: Bridgetown Belarus – Republic of Belarus, UN member state
Capital: Minsk Belgium – Kingdom of Belgium, UN member state
Capital: Brussels Belize – UN member state
Capital: Belmopan Benin – Republic of Benin, UN member state
Capital: Porto-Novo (official), Cotonou (seat of government) Bhutan – Kingdom of Bhutan, UN member state
Capital: Thimphu Bolivia – Plurinational State of Bolivia, UN member state
Capital: Sucre (official), La Paz (administrative) Bosnia and Herzegovina – UN member state
Capital: Sarajevo Botswana – Republic of Botswana, UN member state
Capital: Gaborone Brazil – Federative Republic of Brazil, UN member state
Capital: Brasília Brunei – State of Brunei, Abode of Peace, UN member state
Capital: Bandar Seri Begawan Bulgaria – Republic of Bulgaria, UN member state
Capital: Sofia Burkina Faso – UN member state
Capital: Ouagadougou Burundi – Republic of Burundi, UN member state
Capital: Bujumbura
C
Cambodia – Kingdom of Cambodia, UN member state
Capital: Phnom Penh Cameroon – Republic of Cameroon, UN member state
Capital: Yaoundé Canada – UN member state
Capital: Ottawa Cape Verde – Republic of Cabo Verde, UN member state
Capital: Praia Catalonia – Catalan Republic (De facto independent state from 27 October to 31 October)
Capital: Barcelona Central African Republic – UN member state
Capital: Bangui Chad – Republic of Chad, UN member state
Capital: N'Djamena Chile – Republic of Chile, UN member state
Capital: Santiago China, People's Republic of – UN member state
Capital: Beijing Colombia – Republic of Colombia, UN member state
Capital: Bogotá Comoros – Union of the Comoros, UN member state
Capital: Moroni Congo, Democratic Republic of the – UN member state
Capital: Kinshasa Congo, Republic of the – UN member state
Capital: Brazzaville Costa Rica – Republic of Costa Rica, UN member state
Capital: San José Croatia – Republic of Croatia, UN member state
Capital: Zagreb Cuba – Republic of Cuba, UN member state
Capital: Havana Cyprus – Republic of Cyprus, UN member state
Capital: Nicosia Czech Republic – UN member state
Capital: Prague
D
Denmark – Kingdom of Denmark, UN member state
Capital: Copenhagen Djibouti – Republic of Djibouti, UN member state
Capital: Djibouti Dominica – Commonwealth of Dominica, UN member state
Capital: Roseau Dominican Republic – UN member state
Capital: Santo Domingo
E
Ecuador – Republic of Ecuador, UN member state
Capital: Quito Egypt – Arab Republic of Egypt, UN member state
Capital: Cairo El Salvador – Republic of El Salvador, UN member state
Capital: San Salvador Equatorial Guinea – Republic of Equatorial Guinea, UN member state
Capital: Malabo Eritrea – State of Eritrea, UN member state
Capital: Asmara Estonia – Republic of Estonia, UN member state
Capital: Tallinn Ethiopia – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, UN member state
Capital: Addis Ababa
F
G
Gabon – Gabonese Republic, UN member state
Capital: Libreville Gambia, The – Republic of The Gambia, UN member state
Capital: Banjul Georgia – UN member state
Capital: Tbilisi Germany – Federal Republic of Germany, UN member state
Capital: Berlin Ghana – Republic of Ghana, UN member state
Capital: Accra Greece – Hellenic Republic, UN member state
Capital: Athens Grenada – UN member state
Capital: St. George's Guatemala – Republic of Guatemala, UN member state
Capital: Guatemala City Guinea – Republic of Guinea, UN member state
Capital: Conakry Guinea-Bissau – Republic of Guinea-Bissau, UN member state
Capital: Bissau Guyana – Co-operative Republic of Guyana, UN member state
Capital: Georgetown
H
Haiti – Republic of Haiti, UN member state
Capital: Port-au-Prince Honduras – Republic of Honduras, UN member state
Capital: Tegucigalpa Hungary – UN member state
Capital: Budapest
I
Iceland – Republic of Iceland, UN member state
Capital: Reykjavík India – Republic of India, UN member state
Capital: New Delhi Indonesia – Republic of Indonesia, UN member state
Capital: Jakarta Iran – Islamic Republic of Iran, UN member state
Capital: Tehran Iraq – Republic of Iraq, UN member state
Capital: Baghdad Ireland – Republic of Ireland, UN member state[3]
Capital: Dublin Israel – State of Israel, UN member state[4]
Capital: Jerusalem Italy – Italian Republic, UN member state
Capital: Rome Ivory Coast – Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, UN member state
Capital: Yamoussoukro (official), Abidjan (seat of government)
J
K
Kazakhstan – Republic of Kazakhstan, UN member state
Capital: Astana Kenya – Republic of Kenya, UN member state
Capital: Nairobi Kiribati – Republic of Kiribati, UN member state
Capital: South Tarawa Korea, North – Democratic People's Republic of Korea, UN member state
Capital: Pyongyang Korea, South – Republic of Korea, UN member state
Capital: Seoul Kosovo – Republic of Kosovo (Partially recognized de facto self-governing entity)
Capital: Pristina Kuwait – State of Kuwait, UN member state
Capital: Kuwait City Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Republic, UN member state
Capital: Bishkek
L
Laos – Lao People's Democratic Republic, UN member state
Capital: Vientiane Latvia – Republic of Latvia, UN member state
Capital: Riga Lebanon – Lebanese Republic, UN member state
Capital: Beirut Lesotho – Kingdom of Lesotho, UN member state
Capital: Maseru Liberia – Republic of Liberia, UN member state
Capital: Monrovia Libya – UN member state
Capital: Tripoli Liechtenstein – Principality of Liechtenstein, UN member state
Capital: Vaduz Lithuania – Republic of Lithuania, UN member state
Capital: Vilnius Luxembourg – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, UN member state
Capital: Luxembourg
M
Macedonia – Republic of Macedonia, UN member state[5]
Capital: Skopje Madagascar – Republic of Madagascar, UN member state
Capital: Antananarivo Malawi – Republic of Malawi, UN member state
Capital: Lilongwe Malaysia – UN member state
Capital: Kuala Lumpur (official), Putrajaya (administrative) Maldives – Republic of Maldives, UN member state
Capital: Malé Mali – Republic of Mali, UN member state
Capital: Bamako Malta – Republic of Malta, UN member state
Capital: Valletta Marshall Islands – Republic of the Marshall Islands (A state under Compact of Free Association with the United States), UN member state
Capital: Majuro → Mauritania – Islamic Republic of Mauritania, UN member state
Capital: Nouakchott Mauritius – Republic of Mauritius, UN member state
Capital: Port Louis Mexico – United Mexican States, UN member state
Capital: Mexico City Micronesia – Federated States of Micronesia, (A state under Compact of Free Association with the United States), UN member state
Capital: Palikir Moldova – Republic of Moldova, UN member state
Capital: Chişinău Monaco – Principality of Monaco, UN member state
Capital: Monaco Mongolia – UN member state
Capital: Ulaanbaatar Montenegro – UN member state
Capital: Podgorica Morocco – Kingdom of Morocco, UN member state
Capital: Rabat Mozambique – Republic of Mozambique, UN member state
Capital: Maputo Myanmar – Republic of the Union of Myanmar, UN member state[6]
Capital: Naypyidaw
N
Namibia – Republic of Namibia, UN member state
Capital: Windhoek Nauru – Republic of Nauru, UN member state
Capital: Yaren (unofficial, seat of parliament) Nepal – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal, UN member state
Capital: Kathmandu Netherlands – Kingdom of the Netherlands, UN member state
Capital: Amsterdam (official), The Hague (seat of government) New Zealand – UN member state
Capital: Wellington Nicaragua – Republic of Nicaragua, UN member state
Capital: Managua Niger – Republic of Niger, UN member state
Capital: Niamey Nigeria – Federal Republic of Nigeria, UN member state
Capital: Abuja Northern Cyprus – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (partially recognized de facto independent state)
Capital: Lefkoşa Norway – Kingdom of Norway, UN member state
Capital: Oslo
O
P
Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan, UN member state
Capital: Islamabad Palau – Republic of Palau (A state under Compact of Free Association with the United States), UN member state
Capital: Ngerulmud Palestine – State of Palestine, Permanent observer at the UN
Capital: Ramallah (administrative), Gaza City (administrative), Jerusalem (claims) Panama – Republic of Panama, UN member state
Capital: Panama City Papua New Guinea – Independent State of Papua New Guinea, UN member state
Capital: Port Moresby Paraguay – Republic of Paraguay, UN member state
Capital: Asunción Peru – Republic of Peru, UN member state
Capital: Lima Philippines – Republic of the Philippines, UN member state
Capital: Manila Poland – Republic of Poland, UN member state
Capital: Warsaw Portugal – Portuguese Republic, UN member state
Capital: Lisbon
Q
R
S
Sahara, Western – Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Partially recognized de facto independent state)
Capital: Tifariti (temporary), El Aaiún (claimed) Saint Kitts and Nevis – Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis, UN member state
Capital: Basseterre Saint Lucia – UN member state
Capital: Castries Saint Vincent and the Grenadines – UN member state
Capital: Kingstown Samoa – Independent State of Samoa, UN member state
Capital: Apia San Marino – Republic of San Marino, UN member state
Capital: San Marino São Tomé and Príncipe – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe, UN member state
Capital: São Tomé Saudi Arabia – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, UN member state
Capital: Riyadh Senegal – Republic of Senegal, UN member state
Capital: Dakar Serbia – Republic of Serbia, UN member state
Capital: Belgrade Seychelles – Republic of Seychelles, UN member state
Capital: Victoria Sierra Leone – Republic of Sierra Leone, UN member state
Capital: Freetown Singapore – Republic of Singapore, UN member state
Capital: Singapore Slovakia – Slovak Republic, UN member state
Capital: Bratislava Slovenia – Republic of Slovenia, UN member state
Capital: Ljubljana Solomon Islands – UN member state
Capital: Honiara Somalia – Federal Republic of Somalia, UN member state
Capital: Mogadishu Somaliland – Republic of Somaliland (De facto independent state)
Capital: Hargeisa South Africa – Republic of South Africa, UN member state
Capital: Pretoria (administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial) South Ossetia – Republic of South Ossetia
Capital: Tskhinvali South Sudan – Republic of South Sudan, UN member state
Capital: Juba Spain – Kingdom of Spain, UN member state
Capital: Madrid Sri Lanka – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, UN member state
Capital: Sri Jayawardenapura-Kotte (administrative), Colombo (commercial) Sudan – Republic of the Sudan, UN member state
Capital: Khartoum Suriname – Republic of Suriname, UN member state
Capital: Paramaribo Swaziland – Kingdom of Swaziland, UN member state
Capital: Mbabane (administrative), Lobamba (royal and legislative) Sweden – Kingdom of Sweden, UN member state
Capital: Stockholm Switzerland – Swiss Confederation, UN member state
Capital: Bern Syria – Syrian Arab Republic, UN member state
Capital: Damascus
T
Taiwan – Republic of China (partially recognized de facto independent state)
Capital: Taipei (seat of government) Tajikistan – Republic of Tajikistan, UN member state
Capital: Dushanbe Tanzania – United Republic of Tanzania, UN member state
Capital: Dodoma (official), Dar es Salaam (seat of government) → Thailand – Kingdom of Thailand, UN member state
Capital: Bangkok Timor-Leste – Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, UN member state[7]
Capital: Dili Togo – Togolese Republic, UN member state
Capital: Lomé Tonga – Kingdom of Tonga, UN member state
Capital: Nukuʻalofa Transnistria – Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (De facto independent state)
Capital: Tiraspol Trinidad and Tobago – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago, UN member state
Capital: Port of Spain Tunisia – Tunisian Republic, UN member state
Capital: Tunis Turkey – Republic of Turkey, UN member state
Capital: Ankara Turkmenistan – UN member state
Capital: Ashgabat Tuvalu – UN member state
Capital: Funafuti
U
Uganda – Republic of Uganda, UN member state
Capital: Kampala Ukraine – UN member state
Capital: Kiev United Arab Emirates – UN member state
Capital: Abu Dhabi United Kingdom – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, UN member state
Capital: London United States – United States of America, UN member state
Capital: Washington, D.C. Uruguay – Oriental Republic of Uruguay, UN member state
Capital: Montevideo Uzbekistan – Republic of Uzbekistan, UN member state
Capital: Tashkent
V
Vanuatu – Republic of Vanuatu, UN member state
Capital: Port Vila Vatican City – Vatican City State, Permanent observer at UN
Capital: Vatican City Venezuela – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, UN member state
Capital: Caracas Vietnam – Socialist Republic of Vietnam, UN member state
Capital: Hanoi
Y
Z
Non-sovereign and freely associated territories
Australia
Ashmore and Cartier Islands – The Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Uninhabited external territory) Australian Antarctic Territory – Uninhabited external territory
Capital: Davis Station Christmas Island – The Territory of Christmas Island (External territory)
Capital: Flying Fish Cove Cocos (Keeling) Islands – The Territory of the Cocos Islands(External territory)
Capital: West Island Coral Sea Islands – The Coral Sea Islands Territory (Uninhabited external territory) Heard Island and McDonald Islands – Territory of Heard Island and McDonald Islands (Uninhabited external territory) Norfolk Island – Territory of Norfolk Island (External territory)
Capital: Kingston
China
Denmark
Faroe Islands – Constituent country
Capital: Tórshavn Greenland – Constituent country
Capital: Nuuk
Finland
Åland (Neutral and demilitarised region)
France
Clipperton Island (Overseas territory) French Guiana (Overseas department) French Polynesia (Overseas collectivity) French Southern and Antarctic Lands – The Territory of French Southern and Antarctic Lands (Overseas territory) Guadeloupe (Overseas department) Martinique (Overseas department) Mayotte (Overseas department) New Caledonia Reunion (Overseas department) Saint-Barthélemy – Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barthélemy (Overseas territory) Collectivity of Saint Martin (Overseas territory) Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Overseas territory) Wallis and Futuna (Overseas Collectivity)
Netherlands
Aruba (Autonomous country) Curaçao (Autonomous country) Sint Maarten (Autonomous country) Caribbean Netherlands (Territory of islands without autonomy)
New Zealand
Cook Islands (A territory in free association with New Zealand) Niue (A territory in free association with New Zealand) Ross Dependency (Suspended under the Antarctic Treaty) Tokelau
Norway
- Svalbard
- Jan Mayen
- Bouvet Island
- Peter I Island (Suspended under the Antarctic Treaty)
- Queen Maud Land (Suspended under the Antarctic Treaty)
United Kingdom
Akrotiri and Dhekelia – Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia (Overseas territory) Anguilla (Overseas territory) Bermuda (Overseas territory) British Antarctic Territory (Overseas territory suspended under the Antarctic Treaty) British Indian Ocean Territory (Overseas territory disputed by Mauritius and the Seychelles) British Virgin Islands (Overseas territory) Cayman Islands (Overseas territory) Falkland Islands (Overseas territory disputed by Argentina) Gibraltar (Overseas territory) Montserrat (Overseas territory) Pitcairn Islands (Overseas territory) Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (Overseas territory) South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (Overseas territory disputed by Argentina) Turks and Caicos Islands (Overseas territory) Guernsey – The Bailiwick of Guernsey (Crown dependency), with three dependencies: Isle of Man (Crown dependency) Jersey – The Bailiwick of Jersey (Crown dependency)
United States
American Samoa (Insular area including Swains Island, disputed by Tokelau) Guam (Insular area) Northern Mariana Islands – Commonwealth of Northern Mariana Islands (Insular area) Puerto Rico – Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (Insular area) United States Virgin Islands – Virgin Islands of the United States (Insular area)- United States Minor Outlying Islands (Group of insular areas)
- Baker Island (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Howland Island (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Jarvis Island (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Johnston Atoll (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Kingman Reef (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Midway Atoll (Uninhabited unincorporated territory)
- Navassa Island (Uninhabited unincorporated territory claimed by Haiti)
- Palmyra Atoll (Uninhabited incorporated unorganized territory once owned by Hawaii)
- Wake Island (Uninhabited unincorporated territory claimed by the Marshall Islands)
Other entities
Antarctica as a whole had no government and no permanent population. Seven states claimed portions of Antarctica and five of these had reciprocally recognised one another's claims.[8] These claims, which were regulated by the Antarctic Treaty System, were neither recognised nor disputed by any other signatory state.[9] The European Union was a sui generis supranational organisation which had 12 (later 15) member states. The member states had transferred a measure of their legislative, executive, and judicial powers to the institutions of the EU, and as such the EU had some elements of sovereignty, without generally being considered a sovereign state. The European Union did not claim to be a sovereign state and had only limited capacity for relations with other states. The Sovereign Military Order of Malta was an entity claiming sovereignty and a United Nations observer. The order had bilateral diplomatic relations with a large number of states, but had no territory other than extraterritorial areas within Rome.[10] The order's Constitution stated: "The Order is a subject of international law and exercises sovereign functions." [11] Although the order frequently asserted its sovereignty, it did not claim to be a sovereign state. It lacked a defined territory. Since all its members were citizens of other states, almost all of them lived in their native countries, and those who resided in the order's extraterritorial properties in Rome did so only in connection with their official duties. The order lacked the characteristic of having a permanent population.
References
- ↑ The name "Argentine Nation" is also used for the purposes of legislation.
- ↑ Armenia is not recognized by Pakistan.
- ↑ Ireland also had the legal description of "Republic of Ireland", although this is not its constitutional name.
- ↑ Israel is not recognized by Afghanistan, Algeria, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Chad, Cuba, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, North Korea, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Syria, the United Arab Emirates, or Yemen.
- ↑ Provisionally referred to by the UN and a number of countries and international organizations as "the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", see Macedonia naming dispute.
- ↑ Commonly known in English as "Burma".
- ↑ Commonly known in English as "East Timor".
- ↑ Rogan-Finnemore, Michelle (2005), "What Bioprospecting Means for Antarctica and the Southern Ocean", in Von Tigerstrom, Barbara, International Law Issues in the South Pacific, Ashgate Publishing, p. 204, ISBN 0-7546-4419-7 "Australia, New Zealand, France, Norway and the United Kingdom reciprocally recognize the validity of each other's claims."
- ↑ CIA – the World Factbook – Antarctica – accessed 19 January 2008
- ↑ Bilateral relations with countries Archived 2015-12-03 at the Wayback Machine., Retrieved 2011-12-22
- ↑ Chapter General of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem of Rhodes and of Malta (1998-01-12). Constitutional Charter and Code of the Sovereign Military Hospitaller Order of St. John of Jerusalem, of Rhodes, and of Malta, promulgated 27 June 1961, revised by the Extraordinary Chapter General 28–30 April 1997, Article 3 "Sovereignty," Paragraph 1 (PDF). Rome: Tipografia Arte della Stampa. p. 11.
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