Kalasin Province

Kalasin (Thai: กาฬสินธุ์, pronounced [kāːlāsǐn]) is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat) lies in upper northeastern Thailand also called Isan. The province was established by the Act Establishing Changwat Kalasin, BE 2490 (1947), and it came into existence on 1 October 1947. Neighboring provinces are (from north clockwise) Sakon Nakhon, Mukdahan, Roi Et, Maha Sarakham, Khon Kaen, and Udon Thani.

Kalasin

กาฬสินธุ์
Flag
Seal
Nickname(s): 
Green Heart of Thailand
Mueang Nam Dam
(black water city)
Motto(s): 
"หลวงพ่อองค์ดำลือเลือง เมืองฟ้าแดดสงยาง โปงลางเลิศล้ำ วัฒนธรรมภูไท ผ้าไหมแพรวา ผาเสวยภูพาน มหาธารลำปาว ไดโนเสาร์สัตว์โลกล้านปี" ("Reverend Father Ong Dam, Fahdang Song Yang City, Ponglang Exception, Phu Thai culture, Praewa Silk, Pha Savoey Phu Phan, Maha Tarn Lampao and Dinosaur, animal world, million years")
Map of Thailand highlighting Kalasin Province
Coordinates: 16°25′57″N 103°30′25″E
CountryThailand
CapitalKalasin town
Government
  GovernorChaithawat Niemsiri
(since October 2019)[1]
Area
  Total6,947 km2 (2,682 sq mi)
Area rankRanked 28th
Population
 (2018)[3]
  Total985,346
  Rank Ranked 23rd
  Density142/km2 (370/sq mi)
  Density rankRanked 29th
Human Achievement Index
  HAI (2017)0.5793 "average"
Ranked 45th
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Postal code
46xxx
Calling code043
ISO 3166 codeTH-46
Vehicle registrationกาฬสินธุ์
Websitewww.kalasin.go.th
Food vendor motorbike with sidecar in Kalasin

Geography

Most of the province is covered by hilly landscape. The town of Kalasin is at an elevation of 152 m.[5] In the north is the Lam Pao Dam built from 1963-1968. It stores 1,430 million m³ of water for flood prevention and agriculture. The Lam Pao reservoir effectively cuts the northern part of the province in half, but there are car ferries connecting the district of Sahatsakhan in the east with the district Nong Kung Si in the west, saving up to one hour off the journey by road. On the northwestern creek of the reservoir a road bridge connects the village of Ban Dong Bang in the west with the district town of Wang Sam Mo in the east. Although the bridge was constructed several years ago (pre-2000) it is not featured (2006) on any commercially available road maps.

The Phu Phan mountain range marks the border with Sakhon Nakhon Province, part of which is preserved as a national park.

Kalasin is known for the dinosaur fossils found at Phu Kum Khao (Sahatsakhan District), the largest dinosaur site in Thailand. Most of the fossils are sauropods from 120 million years ago.

Economy

Kalasin is an agricultural province producing sticky rice and other cash crops such as manioc (cassava) and sugar cane. Families are generally poor in this essentially rural area and make ends meet by producing baskets and the silk for which the region is renowned.

History

Archaeological excavations show that the Lawa tribe lived in the area some 1,600 years ago. The first official town was founded in 1793.

During the Thesaphiban reforms in the reign of King Rama V at the beginning of the 20th century, the town (mueang) was upgraded to a province. In 1932, when the country experienced the great economic depression, the province was demoted and absorbed as a district by Maha Sarakham Province to reduce the financial burden on the country,[6] Kalasin was dependent on Maha Sarakham for 16 years. After the great recession and World War II, it once again became a province in 1947.[7]

Symbols

The seal of the province shows a pond in front of the Phu Phan Mountains which form the boundary of the province. The water in the pond is black, as the name Kalasin means "black water". The big clouds as well as the water symbolize the fertility of the province.

The provincial logo and landmark is the Phra That Yakhu, an octagonal-shaped chedi, made of bricks.

The provincial flower is payorm or sweet shorea (Shorea roxburghii), and the provincial tree is sa-mae-san (Cassia garrettiana).

The provincial slogan is Fa Daet Song Yang ancient city, Pong Lang folk music, Phu Thai culture, Phrae Wa silk, Pha Saweoi Phu Phan, Lam Pao River, and million-year dinosaurs.

Administrative divisions

Provincial government

Map of 18 districts

The province is divided into 18 districts (amphoes). The districts are further divided into 134 subdistricts (tambons) and 1,509 villages (mubans).

  1. Mueang Kalasin
  2. Na Mon
  3. Kamalasai
  4. Rong Kham
  5. Kuchinarai
  6. Khao Wong
  7. Yang Talat
  8. Huai Mek
  9. Sahatsakhan
  1. Kham Muang
  2. Tha Khantho
  3. Nong Kung Si
  4. Somdet
  5. Huai Phueng
  6. Sam Chai
  7. Na Khu
  8. Don Chan
  9. Khong Chai

Local government

As of 26 November 2019 there are[8]: one Kalasin Provincial Administration Organisation (ongkan borihan suan changwat) and 79 municipal (thesaban) areas in the province. Kalasin and Bua Khao have town (thesaban mueang) status. Further 77 subdistrict municipalities (thesaban tambon). The non-municipal areas are administered by 71 Subdistrict Administrative Organisations - SAO (ongkan borihan suan tambon).[3]

Human achievement index 2017

Health Education Employment Income
31 59 19 72
Housing Family Transport Participation
10 20 69 23
Province Kalasin, with an HAI 2017 value of 0.5793 is "average", occupies place 45 in the ranking.

Since 2003, United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in Thailand has tracked progress on human development at sub-national level using the Human achievement index (HAI), a composite index covering all the eight key areas of human development. National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB) has taken over this task since 2017.[4]

RankClassification
  1 - 15"high"
16 - 30"somewhat high"
31 - 45"average"
45 - 60"somewhat low"
61 - 77"low"

Notes

Reports (data) from Thai government are "not copyrightable" (Public Domain), Copyright Act 2537 (1994), section 7.

References

  1. "ประกาศสำนักนายกรัฐมนตรี เรื่อง แต่งตั้งข้าราชการพลเรือนสามัญ" [Announcement of the Prime Minister's Office regarding the appointment of civil servants] (PDF). Royal Thai Government Gazette. 136 (Special 242 Ngor). 6. 28 September 2019. Retrieved 24 November 2019.
  2. Advancing Human Development through the ASEAN Community, Thailand Human Development Report 2014, table 0:Basic Data (PDF) (Report). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) Thailand. pp. 134–135. ISBN 978-974-680-368-7. Retrieved 17 January 2016, Data has been supplied by Land Development Department, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, at Wayback Machine.
  3. "รายงานสถิติจำนวนประชากรและบ้านประจำปี พ.ศ.2561" [Statistics, population and house statistics for the year 2018]. Registration Office Department of the Interior, Ministry of the Interior (in Thai). 31 December 2018. Retrieved 20 June 2019.
  4. Human achievement index 2017 by National Economic and Social Development Board (NESDB), pages 1-40, maps 1-9, retrieved 14 September 2019, ISBN 978-974-9769-33-1
  5. "Elevation of Kalasin,Thailand Elevation Map, Topo, Contour". FloodMap. Retrieved 26 December 2017.
  6. พระบรมราชโองการ ประกาศ ยุบรวมท้องที่บางมณฑลและบางจังหวัด (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 48 (0 ก): 576–578. 1932-02-21.
  7. พระราชบัญญัติจัดตั้งจังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์ พ.ศ. ๒๔๙๐ (PDF). Royal Gazette (in Thai). 64 (36 ก): 516–517. 1947-08-12.
  8. "Number of local government organizations by province". dla.go.th. Department of Local Administration (DLA). 26 November 2019. Retrieved 10 December 2019. 3 Kalasin: 1 PAO, 2 Town mun., 77 Subdistrict mun., 71 SAO.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.