Pheng Xat Lao

Pheng Xat Lao
English: National Anthem of Laos
National anthem of  Laos
Lyrics Sisana Sisane, 1975
Music Thongdy Sounthonevichit, 1941
Adopted 1945
Audio sample
National Anthem of Laos (Instrumental)
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Pheng Sat Lāo (Lao: ເພງຊາດລາວ, literally "Hymn of the Lao People") is the national anthem of the Lao People's Democratic Republic. Dr. Thongdy Sounthonevichit composed the music and wrote the lyrics in 1941. This was adopted as the national anthem of the Kingdom of Laos in 1945. The original lyrics were revised after the Pathet Lao won the Laotian Civil War and the Lao People's Democratic Republic was established in 1975, with the new lyrics written by Sisana Sisane.[1]

Official and recognized lyrics

Official LaoIPA transcriptionRomanisation[2]English translation

ຊາດລາວຕັ້ງແຕ່ໃດມາ
ລາວທຸກທົ່ວຫນ້າເຊີດຊູສຸດໃຈ
ຮ່ວມແຮງຮ່ວມຈິດຮ່ວມໃຈ
ສາມັກຄີກັນເປັນກຳລັງດຽວ
ເດັດດ່ຽວພ້ອມກັນກ້າວຫນ້າ
ບູຊາຊູກຽດຂອງລາວ
ສົ່ງເສີມໃຊ້ສິດເປັນເຈົ້າ
ລາວທຸກຊົນເຜົ່າສະເໝີພາບກັນ
ບໍ່ໃຫ້ພວກຈັກກະພັດ
ແລະພວກຂາຍຊາດເຂົ້າມາລົບກວນ
ລາວທັງມວນຊູເອກະລາດ
ອິດສະຫລະພາບຂອງຊາດລາວໄວ້
ຕັດສິນໃຈສູ້ຊີງເອົາໄຊ
ພາຊາດກ້າວໄປສູ່ຄວາມວັດທະນາ

[saːt̚ laːw taŋtɛː dajmaː]
[laːw tʰuk̚ tʰuːə̯n naː sɤːt̚ suː sut̚tɕaj]
[huːə̯m hɛːŋ huːə̯m tɕit̚ huːə̯m tɕaj]
[saːmak̚kʰiː kan pen kamlaŋ diːə̯w]
[det̚ diːə̯w pʰɔːmkan kaːwnaː]
[buːsaː suː kiːə̯t̚ kʰɔːŋ laːw]
[soŋsɤːm saj sit̚ pen tɕaw]
[laːw tʰuk̚ son pʰaw samɤː pʰaːp̚ kan]
[bɔː haj pʰuːə̯k̚ tɕak̚kapʰat̚]
[lɛ pʰuːə̯k̚ kʰaj saːt̚ kʰaw maː lop̚kʰuːə̯n]
[laːw tʰaŋ muːə̯n suː ek̚kalaːt̚]
[itsalapʰap̚ kʰɔːŋ saːt laːw waj]
[tatsintɕaj suː siŋ aw saj]
[pʰaː saːt̚ kaːw paj suː kʰuːə̯m wat̚tʰanaː]

Sāt Lāo tangtǣ daimā
Lāo thuk thūan nā sœ̄t sū sutchai,
Hūam hǣng hūam chit hūam chai
samakkhi kan pen kamlang dīao.
Det dīao phǭmkan kāonā
būsā sū kīat khǭng Lāo,
Songsœ̄m sai sit pen chao
Lāo thuk son phao samœ̄; phāp kan.
Bǭ hai phūak chakkaphat
læ phūak khaj sāt khao mā lopkhūan,
Lāo thang mūan sū ēkalāt
itsalaphāp khǭng sāt Lāo wai
Tatsinchai sū sing ao sai
phā sāt kāo pai sū khūam watthanā.

For all time, the Lao people
Have glorified their Fatherland,
United in heart,
Spirit and vigour as one.
Resolutely moving forwards,
Respecting and increasing the dignity of the Lao people
And proclaiming the right to be their own masters.
The Lao people of all origins are equal
And will no longer allow imperialists [3]
And traitors to harm them.
The entire people will safeguard the independence
And the freedom of the Lao nation.
They are resolved to struggle for victory
In order to lead the nation to prosperity.

History

In 1893, Laos became a protectorate of France within its colonial empire. The French claimed their takeover was intended to protect Laos from its hostile neighbours like Siam, which was forced to cede Laos to the colonial power. Consequently, nationalistic sentiment did not develop as quickly as it did in Vietnam. However, the outbreak of the Second World War saw the fall of France to Nazi Germany. The new right-wing government in Siam saw this as an opportunity to reconquer Laos. To counteract this, the French actively promoted nationalism among the Lao people.[4]

As a direct result of this new liberalization, many patriotic songs were composed during this time.[5] "Pheng Xat Lao" was one of them, having been composed by Dr. Thongdy Sounthonevichit in 1941.[6] The song was chosen as the national anthem of Laos in 1945,[1] when the king was forced by the Japanese to declare Laos' independence from France. This newfound freedom was short-lived as France soon regained control of French Indochina.[4] Two years later, the French granted Laos limited autonomy within the French Union and "Pheng Xat Lao" once again became the national anthem.[7]

When the Pathet Lao emerged victorious in the Laotian Civil War in 1975, the Communist government decided to change the lyrics to the anthem in order to reflect the ideology of the new regime.[8] As a result, the anthem became all-encompassing in mentioning all ethnic groups in Laos, instead of focussing solely on the Lao race and Buddhism. However, the music from the former anthem was retained.[9]

Original lyrics used in 1947

Lao Language Latin transcription English translation (Literal) English translation (singable)

ຊາດລາວຕັ້ງແຕ່ເດີມມາ
ຂຶ້ນຊື່ລືຊາຢູ່ໃນອາຊີ
ຊາວລາວຜູກພັນໄມຕຣີ
ຮ່ວມສາມັກຄີຮັກຫໍ່ໂຮມກັນ
ຮັກຊາດຮັກປະເທດເຮົາ
ຮັກເຈົ້າປົກເກດເກສາ
ໂຮມຮັກຮ່ວມສາສນາ
ແຕ່ບູຮານມາຮັກສາດິນແດນ
ບໍ່ໃຫ້ຊາດໃດມາລວນ
ຮາວີຮົບກວນຍາດແຍ່ງຊີງເອົາ
ໃຜຂືນເຂົ້າມາລູ່ວຸ່ນວາຍ
ສູ້ຈົນຕົວຕາຍຕ້ານທານສັດຕຣູ
ຊ່ວຍເຊີດຊູເລືອດເນື້ອເຊື້ອເຜົ່າ
ຟື້ນຟູກູ້ເອົາບັນເທົາທຸກກັນ

Xat Lao thung thae derm ma,
Khun xu lu xa yu nai ahzi,
Sao Lao phouk parn maitri,
Huam samakkhi huk ho hôm karn.
Huk xat huk pathét hao,
Huk jao pôk két késa,
Hôm huk huam satsana,
Thae buhlahn ma huksa din daen.
Baw hai xat dai ma luan,
Havi hôp kuan yat yaeng xing ao,
Phai khun khao ma loun vounvai,
Sou jôn thua tai tan than sattru,
Suay xeut xu leuat nua xua phao,
Feun fu ku ao banthao thouk karn. (edited)

Lao Nation for ever have been
Well-known all over Asia.
the Laotians establish relationship
United with love care staying together.
Love the people, love our country
Love the King, the Ancestors, the Old Citizens.
Join root join religion ever since the ancestors,
protect the soil the boundary.
Do not allow any nation to conquer, influence, threaten, take, occupy any thing
Anyone steps up enters to conquer, influence, threaten, occupy, fight to the last breath, stand strong against enemies
Help, promote, all blood, all races,
Empower, together take back everything once for all.
(edited)

Once our Laotian race in Asia highly honored stood
And at that time the folk of Laos were united in love
Today they love their race and rally round their chiefs
They guard the land and the religion of their ancestors
They will resist each foe who may oppress them or invade
And such invaders will be met with battle unto death
They'll restore the fame of Laos and through ills united stand.

References

  1. 1 2 "Laos". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  2. ↑ https://www.loc.gov/catdir/cpso/romanization/lao.pdf
  3. ↑ juggapud (Imperialism) specific as France and America
  4. 1 2 "History of Laos". Lonely Planet. Retrieved May 8, 2013.
  5. ↑ Raffin, Anne (2005). Youth Mobilization in Vichy Indochina and Its Legacies: 1940 to 1970. Lexington Books. pp. 137–38. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  6. ↑ Doedan, Matt (2007). Laos in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 69. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  7. ↑ Kutler, Stanley I., ed. (1996). "Laos". Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. Retrieved May 9, 2013. (subscription required)
  8. ↑ Holt, John Clifford (2009). Spirits of the place: Buddhism and Lao religious culture. University of Hawaii Press. p. 133. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  9. ↑ St. John, Ronald Bruce (January 11, 2013). Revolution, Reform and Regionalism in Southeast Asia: Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam. Routledge. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
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