Anthem of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
English: State Anthem of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic | |
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Imnul de Stat al RSS Moldovenești | |
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National anthem of | |
Lyrics | Emilian Bukov and Bogdan Istru (Ivan Bodarev) |
Music |
Ștefan Neaga (1945) Eduard Lazarev (Musical Renovation in 1980) |
Adopted |
1945 (Original Version) 1980 (Renewed Version) |
Relinquished |
1980 (Original Version) 1991 (Renewed Version) |
Audio sample | |
Imnul de Stat al RSS Moldovenești (1980-1991)
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The State Anthem of the Moldavian SSR[lower-alpha 1] was the national anthem of Moldova when it was a republic of the Soviet Union known as the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Originally, the anthem began with the words, "Moldova cu doine străbune pe plaiuri"[1] and was composed by Ștefan Neaga, with lyrics by the poets Emilian Bukov and Bogdan Istru (Ivan Bodarev) in 1945.
Ivan Bodiul, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Moldova, authorized composer Eduard Lazarev to modify the anthem in a "Musical Renovation". (Second Edition of the Anthem).[2]
The lyrics were rewritten, removing all references to Joseph Stalin. The music was also altered, removing the original three-stanza structure in favor of a single-stanza three-part structure.
The beginning words of the anthem were changed to "Moldova Sovietică".
History
In 1945 Ștefan Neaga wrote the melody for the Anthem of Moldova SSR, for which the poets Emil Bukov and Bogdan Istru created the lyrics. Thanks to this work, the composer and the writers won the first prize of a great national musical contest in the Soviet Union , where composers from Moldova and other Soviet republics presented their works.[3]
"E. Bukov remembered how demanding and self-critic was Ștefan Neaga. For this anthem, he made dozens of variants, each time being dissatisfied. The Anthem -said the composer-, had to be composed so when a person hears it, he would stand up filled by a deep patriotic sentiment.[4]
The anthem that they created, was highly appreciated by musicians, becoming for over 45 years the main song of the country. Through this musical work, Neaga became the eternal pride and joy of the Moldavian people. (Moldova socialistă, 1951)"Moldavian SSR's anthem is one of the best creations of this genre. Adopted in 1945, it entered for three and half decades in our republic's symbolism".[5]
It was very melodic and it had some ties with folk music. The musicologist Leonid Răilean testified: "In the years of the "greater country" (USSR), one day, the anthem ceased to like. And, as its author was no longer alive, Ivan Bodiul authorized Eduard Lazarev "to renovate" the anthem. This renovation deformed and damaged the music structure and thus, its sonority. One way or another, in the early 90s, this anthem was thrown to the garbage dump of history, as well as other signs of the past times".[6]
Ștefan Neaga said that he wanted to represent with his work "the creativity and love of Great Stalin, the certainty of the victory of communism, and his desire to give all his forces in this unique case".[7]
"I wanted to play in this gratifying music event, to create the symbol of these historic victories, in which the Moldovan people regained their freedom."[8]
Neaga was an artist who supervised under his own magnifying glass the weaknesses of his art. French writer Claude Roy said that there is a type of character in which one can see a creation as "an art to shine for yourself and for others, a little more than one can really live your life."
On February 3, 2016, The Ștefan Neaga Commission (made up of five YouTubers by the nicknames of kingworld30, wolf_, YuusukeOnodera, Slevisham and DeroVolk) found the original lyrics after months of research. The mysterious lyrics that were previously unknown to the world had been made public, confirming the existence of three stanzas and a chorus prior to 1980 change made by Ivan Bodiul and Eduard Lazarev.
Mystery of lyrics
In the only instrumental recording of the Moldavian SSR National Anthem, made by the Brass Band of the USSR Ministry of Defence in 1968, the original version made by Neaga in 1945 can be heard. It is a "typical" Soviet Anthem with three stanzas and three choruses.
There is no known recording of the vocal original version of the anthem. There have been several hypotheses to explain the musical structure. Some suggested a three-stanza and chorus structure, like the State Anthem of the Soviet Union, or a six-stanza structure, like the Anthem of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic.
Moldovan politician and historian Valeriu Passat, stated in his exhibition "13 ani de Stalinism. RSS Moldovenească în anii 1940–1953" (13 Years of Stalinism, Moldavian SSR in years 1940–1953) that Iosif Mordoveț forced the authors to write the anthem.[9]
According to Vladimir Poțeluev,[10] this anthem was created by an order made by the Supreme Soviet in Moscow, after the annexation of the Moldavian ASSR and Bessarabia (the west and east territory of the Dniester River) to the Soviet Union. It also said that the top brass (Stalin and others) set multiple rules for the writers of the lyrics:
- Mention to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- Mention to the "Yugo Liberation" from capitalism.
- Mention to the development of infrastructure under the Soviets.
- Mention to the unity of Moldavian people with the rest of the union (something typical in the anthems of the Soviet republics).
- Mention to the total expulsion of fascists on Moldavian Territory (Soviet victory over Hitler).
Rejected lyrics:
Emil Samoilă | Leonid Cornenanu | Variant of Liviu Deleanu Rejected for Aggression |
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Lyrics
1945–1980
Music by Ștefan Neaga. Lyrics by Emilian Bukov and Bogdan Istru.
Moldovan Cyrillic | Moldovan/Romanian Latin | IPA transcription[11] | English translation |
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First verse | |||
Молдова ку дойне стрэбуне пе плаюрь, |
Moldova cu doine străbune pe plaiuri, |
[moldova ku dojne strəbune pe plajurʲ] |
Moldova with ancestral doinas on its lands, |
Chorus | |||
Славэ ын вякурь, Молдовэ Советикэ, |
Slavă în veacuri, Moldovă Sovietică, |
[slavə ɨn ve̯akurʲ, moldovə sovʲetikə] |
Glory in ages, Oh Soviet Moldova, |
Second verse | |||
Пе друмул луминий ку Ленин ши Сталин, |
Pe drumul luminii cu Lenin și Stalin, |
[pe drumul luminij ku lenin ʃi stalin] |
On with Lenin and Stalin in the shining path, |
Chorus | |||
Славэ ын вякурь, Молдовэ Советикэ, |
Slavă în veacuri, Moldovă Sovietică, |
[slavə ɨn ve̯akurʲ, moldovə sovʲetikə] |
Glory in ages, Oh Soviet Moldova, |
Third verse | |||
Ын армия ноастрэ, луптынд витежеште, |
În armia noastră, luptând vitejește, |
[ɨn armi.a no̯astrə, luptɨnd viteʒeʃte] |
In our Army, fighting valiantly, |
Chorus | |||
Славэ ын вякурь, Молдовэ Советикэ, |
Slavă în veacuri, Moldovă Sovietică, |
[slavə ɨn ve̯akurʲ, moldovə sovʲetikə] |
Glory in ages, Oh Soviet Moldova, |
1980–1991
Music by Ștefan Neaga, arranged by Eduard Lazarev. Lyrics by Emilian Bukov and Bogdan Istru.
Moldovan Cyrillic | Moldovan/Romanian Latin | IPA transcription[12] | English translation |
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First verse | |||
Молдова Советикэ, плаюл ностру-н флоаре, |
Moldova Sovietică, plaiul nostru-n floare, |
[moldova sovʲetikə, plajul nostrun flo̯are, |
Soviet Moldova, our flowering land, |
Second verse | |||
Дойна ынфрэцирий прослэвеште Цара, |
Doina înfrățirii proslăvește Țara, |
[dojna ɨnfrət͡sirij prosləveʃte t͡sara] |
The doina of brotherhood is praising the Country, |
Third verse | |||
Славэ ын вякурь, ренэскут пэмынт! |
Slavă în veacuri, renăscut pământ! |
[slavə ɨn ve̯akurʲ, renəskut pəmɨnt] |
Glory in ages, reborn land! |
See also
Notes
References
- ↑ "Catalog BNRM". catalog.bnrm.md. Retrieved 2016-01-20.
- ↑ "НЯГА Штефан". kishinev84.murvanidze.com.
- ↑ Știrbu, Alina. Maestrul Ștefan Neaga la intersecții de culturi: Dezvăluiri genetice și identitare a personalității lui Ștefan Neaga. pp. 102 & 103.
- ↑ Nistru, 1975
- ↑ Sovet. Moldova, 1990
- ↑ Șmurgun, N., Rev. Moldova. – 2011. – Noiem. – Dec. – P. 28-33.
- ↑ MS 1950
- ↑ MS 1945
- ↑ "Tiparire - Eveniment / "Stalinismul", expus de Valeriu Pasat". www.timpul.md.
- ↑ "Despre simbolurile "naționale" ale Republicii Sovietice Socialiste Moldovenești". www.curaj.net.
- ↑ Due to broad transcription, stress marks are absent.
- ↑ Due to broad transcription, stress marks are absent.
External links
Anthem of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (instrumental)
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