TFAP2C

Transcription factor AP-2 gamma also known as AP2-gamma is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TFAP2C gene.[5] AP2-gamma is a member of the activating protein 2 family of transcription factors.

TFAP2C
Identifiers
AliasesTFAP2C, AP2-GAMMA, ERF1, TFAP2G, hAP-2g, transcription factor AP-2 gamma
External IDsOMIM: 601602 MGI: 106032 HomoloGene: 2423 GeneCards: TFAP2C
Gene location (Human)
Chr.Chromosome 20 (human)[1]
Band20q13.31Start56,629,306 bp[1]
End56,639,283 bp[1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

7022

21420

Ensembl

ENSG00000087510

ENSMUSG00000028640

UniProt

Q92754

Q61312

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003222

NM_001159696
NM_009335

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003213

NP_001153168
NP_033361

Location (UCSC)Chr 20: 56.63 – 56.64 MbChr 2: 172.55 – 172.56 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Transcription factor AP-2 gamma is involved in early development, specifically morphogenesis - the formation of shape. AP2-gamma can regulate gene transcription by interacting with viral and cellular enhancing components and binding to the sequence 5'-GCCNNNGGC-3’. AP2-gamma activates genes that are important for placenta development and retinoic acid-mediated differentiation of the eyes, face, body wall, limbs, and neural tube. AP2-gamma also suppresses genes such as MYC and C/EBP alpha. It also represses CD44 expression, which is a cell marker for some breast and prostate cancers. Mutations of this transcription factor can lead to poorly developed placenta and tissues. A mutated AP2-gamma gene is known to cause branchiooculofacial syndrome (BOFS), which is a disease characterized by face and neck abnormalities, such as cleft lip or anophthalmia – lack of eyeballs, that have developed prior to birth. Complete knockout of the TAP2C gene that encoded AP-2 gamma leads to placenta malformation and embryonic/fetal death.

References

  1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000087510 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028640 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Williamson JA, Bosher JM, Skinner A, Sheer D, Williams T, Hurst HC (July 1996). "Chromosomal mapping of the human and mouse homologues of two new members of the AP-2 family of transcription factors". Genomics. 35 (1): 262–4. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0351. PMID 8661133.

Auman, H. J., T. Nottoli, O. Lakiza, Q. Winger, S. Donaldson, and T. Williams. "Transcription Factor AP-2gamma Is Essential in the Extra-embryonic Lineages for Early Postimplantation Development." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, June 2002. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.

Bogachek, M. V., and R. J. Weigel. "TFAP2C (transcription Factor AP-2 Gamma (activating Enhancer Binding Protein 2 Gamma))." TFAP2C (transcription Factor AP-2 Gamma(activating Enhancer Binding Protein 2 Gamma)). Oct. 2013. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.

"Branchio-oculo-facial Syndrome." Genetics Home Reference. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 7 Apr. 2014. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.

"Genes and Mapped Phenotypes." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, 12 Apr. 2014. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.

"Transcription Factor AP-2 Gamma - TFAP2C - Homo sapiens (Human)." Transcription Factor AP-2 Gamma - TFAP2C - Homo sapiens (Human). UniProtKB, 19 Mar. 2014. Web. 15 Apr. 2014.

Further reading


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