Lysergamides

Amides of lysergic acid are collectively known as lysergamides, and include a number of compounds with potent agonist and/or antagonist activity at various serotonin and dopamine receptors.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

General structure of Lysergamides
Lysergamides, tabulated by structure
StructureNameR1R6R2R3
LSA / LAAHCH3HH
DAM-57HCH3CH3CH3
Ergometrine (Ergonovine)HCH3CH(CH3)CH2OHH
ErgotamineHCH3--C17H18N2O4
MethergineHCH3CH(CH2CH3)CH2OHH
MethysergideCH3CH3CH(CH2CH3)CH2OHH
AmesergideCH(CH3)2CH3C6H11H
LY-215840CH(CH3)2CH3C5H8OHH
CabergolineHH2C=CH-CH2CONHCH2CH3CH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2
LAE-32HCH3CH2CH3H
LAiPHCH3CH(CH3)2H
LAtBHCH3C(CH3)3H
LAcBHCH3(CH2)4H
LAcPeHCH3(CH2)5H
LSBHCH3CH(CH3)CH2CH3H
LSPHCH3CH(CH2CH3)CH2CH3H
DALHCH3H2C=CH-CH2H2C=CH-CH2
MIPLAHCH3CH(CH3)2CH3
EIPLAHCH3CH(CH3)2CH2CH3
ECPLAHCH3C3H5CH2CH3
ETFELAHCH3CH2CF3CH2CH3
MPLAHCH3CH2CH2CH3CH3
LSD / LADHCH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
ETH-LADHCH2CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
PARGY-LADHHC≡C−CH2CH2CH3CH2CH3
AL-LADHH2C=CH-CH2CH2CH3CH2CH3
PRO-LADHCH2CH2CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
IP-LADHCH(CH3)2CH2CH3CH2CH3
CYP-LADHC3H5CH2CH3CH2CH3
BU-LADHCH2CH2CH2CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
ALD-52COCH3CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
1P-LSDCOCH2CH3CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
1B-LSD COCH2CH2CH3 CH3 CH2CH3 CH2CH3
1cP-LSD[18]COC3H5CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
1P-ETH-LADCOCH2CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
1P-MIPLACOCH2CH3CH3CH(CH3)2CH3
MLD-41CH3CH3CH2CH3CH2CH3
LSM-775HCH3CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2
LPD-824HCH3CH2CH2 CH2CH2
LSD-PipHCH3CH2CH2 CH2CH2CH2
LSD-AzapaneHCH3CH2CH2CH2

CH2CH2CH2

LA-SS-AzHCH3CH2(CHCH3)2CH2

See also

References

  1. Hofmann A. Psychotomimetic Drugs: Chemical and Pharmacological Aspects. Acta. Physiol. Pharmacol. Neerlandica. 1959;8:240-258.
  2. US patent 2997470, Richard P. Pioch, "LYSERGIC ACID AMIDES", published 1956-03-05, issued 1961-08-22
  3. Hoffman AJ, Nichols DE. Synthesis and LSD-like discriminative stimulus properties in a series of N(6)-alkyl norlysergic acid N,N-diethylamide derivatives. J Med Chem. 1985 Sep;28(9):1252-5. PMID 4032428 doi:10.1021/jm00147a022
  4. Huang X, Marona-Lewicka D, Pfaff RC, Nichols DE. Drug discrimination and receptor binding studies of N-isopropyl lysergamide derivatives. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Mar;47(3):667-73. PMID 8208787
  5. Watts VJ, Lawler CP, Fox DR, Neve KA, Nichols DE, Mailman RB. LSD and structural analogs: pharmacological evaluation at D1 dopamine receptors. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1995 Apr;118(4):401-9. PMID 7568626
  6. David E. Nichols. LSD and Its Lysergamide Cousins. The Heffter Review of Psychedelic Research. 2001;2:80-87.
  7. Nichols DE, Frescas S, Marona-Lewicka D, Kurrasch-Orbaugh DM. Lysergamides of isomeric 2,4-dimethylazetidines map the binding orientation of the diethylamide moiety in the potent hallucinogenic agent N,N-diethyllysergamide (LSD). J Med Chem. 2002 Sep 12;45(19):4344-9. PMID 12213075
  8. Schiff PL. Ergot and its alkaloids. Am J Pharm Educ. 2006 Oct 15;70(5):98. PMID 17149427
  9. Passie T, Halpern JH, Stichtenoth DO, Emrich HM, Hintzen A. The pharmacology of lysergic acid diethylamide: a review. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2008 Winter;14(4):295-314. doi:10.1111/j.1755-5949.2008.00059.x PMID 19040555
  10. Nichols DE. Structure-activity relationships of serotonin 5-HT2A agonists. WIREs Membr. Transp. Signal, 2012; 1(5): 559-579. doi:10.1002/wmts.42
  11. Nichols DE. Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationships of Psychedelics. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2018;36:1-43. doi:10.1007/7854_2017_475 PMID 28401524
  12. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Stratford A, Elliott SP, Hoang K, Wallach J, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part I: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-propionyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1P-LSD). Drug Test Anal. 2016 Sep;8(9):891-902. doi:10.1002/dta.1884 PMID 26456305
  13. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Elliott SP, Wallach J, Colestock T, Burrow TE, Chapman SJ, Stratford A, Nichols DE, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part II: Analytical and behavioural characterization of N6 -allyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (AL-LAD) and (2'S,4'S)-lysergic acid 2,4-dimethylazetidide (LSZ). Drug Test Anal. 2017 Jan;9(1):38-50. doi:10.1002/dta.1985 PMID 27265891
  14. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Elliott SP, Wallach J, Stratford A, Nichols DE, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part III: Analytical characterization of N6 -ethyl-6-norlysergic acid diethylamide (ETH-LAD) and 1-propionyl ETH-LAD (1P-ETH-LAD). Drug Test Anal. 2017 Oct;9(10):1641-1649. doi:10.1002/dta.2196 PMID 28342178
  15. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Twamley B, Westphal F, Elliott SP, Wallach J, Stratford A, Klein LM, McCorvy JD, Nichols DE, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part IV: Analytical and pharmacological characterization of lysergic acid morpholide (LSM-775). Drug Test Anal. 2018 Feb;10(2):310-322. doi:10.1002/dta.2222 PMID 28585392
  16. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Stratford A, Elliott SP, Dowling G, Wallach J, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part V: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-butanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1B-LSD). Drug Test Anal. 2019 Aug;11(8):1122-1133. doi:10.1002/dta.2613 PMID 31083768
  17. Halberstadt AL, Klein LM, Chatha M, Valenzuela LB, Stratford A, Wallach J, Nichols DE, Brandt SD. Pharmacological characterization of the LSD analog N-ethyl-N-cyclopropyl lysergamide (ECPLA). Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2019 Feb;236(2):799-808. doi:10.1007/s00213-018-5055-9 PMID 30298278
  18. Brandt SD, Kavanagh PV, Westphal F, Stratford A, Odland AU, Klein AK, Dowling G, Dempster NM, Wallach J, Passie T, Halberstadt AL. Return of the lysergamides. Part VI: Analytical and behavioural characterization of 1-cyclopropanoyl-d-lysergic acid diethylamide (1CP-LSD). Drug Test Anal. 2020 Mar 16. doi:10.1002/dta.2789 PMID 32180350
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