List of largest cities
Population tables of world cities |
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Determining the world's largest cities depends on which definitions of city are used. The United Nations uses three definitions for what constitutes a city, as not all cities may be classified using the same criteria.[1] Cities may be defined as the cities proper, the extent of their urban area, or their metropolitan regions.[1]
Common methods for defining the boundaries of a city
City proper (administrative)
A city can be defined by its administrative boundaries (city proper). World Urbanization Prospects, a UN publication, defines population of a city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city or controlled directly from the city by a single authority." UNICEF[1] defines city proper as "the population living within the administrative boundaries of a city, e.g., Washington, D.C.". A city proper is a locality defined according to legal or political boundaries and an administratively recognised urban status that is usually characterised by some form of local government.[2][3][4] Cities proper and their boundaries and population data may not include suburbs.[5]
The use of city proper as defined by administrative boundaries may not include suburban areas where an important proportion of the population working or studying in the city lives.[5] Because of this definition, the city proper population figure may differ greatly with the urban area population figure, as many cities are amalgamations of smaller cities (Australia), and conversely, many Chinese cities govern territories that extend well beyond the traditional "city proper" into suburban and rural areas.[6]
Metropolitan area
A city can be defined by the habits of its demographic population, as by metropolitan area, labour market area, or similar in a metropolitan area. UNICEF[1] defines metropolitan area as follows:
A formal local government area comprising the urban area as a whole and its primary commuter areas, typically formed around a city with a large concentration of people (i.e., a population of at least 100,000). In addition to the city proper, a metropolitan area includes both the surrounding territory with urban levels of residential density and some additional lower-density areas that are adjacent to and linked to the city (e.g., through frequent transport, road linkages or commuting facilities).
Urban area
A city can be defined as a conditionally contiguous urban area, without regard to territorial or other boundaries inside an urban area. UNICEF[1] defines urban area as follows:
The definition of "urban" varies from country to country, and, with periodic reclassification, can also vary within one country over time, making direct comparisons difficult. An urban area can be defined by one or more of the following: administrative criteria or political boundaries (e.g., area within the jurisdiction of a municipality or town committee), a threshold population size (where the minimum for an urban settlement is typically in the region of 2,000 people, although this varies globally between 200 and 50,000), population density, economic function (e.g., where a significant majority of the population is not primarily engaged in agriculture, or where there is surplus employment) or the presence of urban characteristics (e.g., paved streets, electric lighting, sewerage).
Largest cities
City | Nation | Image | Population | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
City proper | Metropolitan area | Urban area[7] | |||
Chongqing | 30,751,600[8] | 17,000,000[8] | 8,165,500[lower-alpha 1] | ||
Shanghai | 24,256,800[10] | 24,750,000[11] | 23,416,000[lower-alpha 2] | ||
Delhi | 11,034,555[12] | 26,454,000 | 21,753,486[13] | ||
Beijing | 21,516,000[14] | 24,900,000[15] | 21,009,000 | ||
Dhaka | 14,399,000[16] | 20,000,000[17] | 19,580,000[18][19] | ||
Mumbai | 12,478,447[20] | 12,771,200 | 20,748,395[13] | ||
Lagos | 16,060,303[lower-alpha 3] | 21,000,000[23] | 13,123,000 | ||
Chengdu | 16,044,700[24] | 10,376,000 | |||
Karachi | 14,910,352[25][lower-alpha 4] | ||||
Guangzhou | 14,043,500[29] | 25,000,000[30] | 20,800,654[31] | ||
Istanbul | 14,025,000[32] | 13,520,000 | 14,657,000[32] | ||
Tokyo | 13,513,734[33] | 37,843,000 | 36,923,000[34] | ||
Tianjin | 12,784,000 | 15,469,500 | 6,859,779[35] | ||
Moscow | 12,197,596[36] | 16,170,000 | 16,800,000 | ||
São Paulo | 12,038,175[37] | 21,090,791 | 36,842,102[38] | ||
Kinshasa | 11,855,000[39] | 13,265,000 | |||
Baoding | 11,194,372[40] | 2,176,857 | |||
Lahore | 11,126,285[41] | 13,569,000 | 10,665,000[42] | ||
Cairo | 10,230,350[43] | 18,290,000 | 22,439,541 | ||
Seoul | 10,197,604[44] | 12,700,000 | 25,520,000[45] | ||
Jakarta | 10,075,310[46] | 30,539,000 | 30,075,310[47] | ||
Wenzhou | 9,175,000[48] | 9,122,102[48] | 6,642,592 | ||
Mexico City | 8,974,724[49] | 20,999,000[50] | 21,178,959[51] | ||
Lima | 8,852,000[52] | 10,750,000 | 9,886,647[53] | ||
London | 8,825,001[54] | 14,040,163 | 9,787,426[55] | ||
Bangkok | 8,750,600[56] | 15,931,300 | 15,645,000 | ||
Xi'an | 8,705,600[57] | 13,569,700[58] | |||
Chennai | 4,681,087[20] | 8,917,749[13] | |||
Bangalore | 8,425,970[20] | 8,728,906[13] | |||
New York City | 8,622,698[59] | 20,153,634[60] | 23,689,255[61] | ||
Ho Chi Minh City | 8,426,100[62] | ||||
Hyderabad | 6,809,970[20] | 7,749,334[13] | |||
Shenzhen | 8,378,900[63][lower-alpha 5] | 12,084,000 | |||
Suzhou | 8,265,050[64] | ||||
Nanjing | 8,230,000[65] | 12,652,000[66] | |||
Dongguan | 8,220,207[67][63][lower-alpha 6] | ||||
Tehran | 8,154,051[68] | 13,532,000 | 14,595,904[69] | ||
Quanzhou | 8,128,533 | 6,107,475 | 1,435,185 | ||
Shenyang | 8,106,171[70] | 6,255,921 | |||
Bogotá | 7,878,783[71] | 9,800,000[72][73] | 9,520,000[7] | ||
Hong Kong | 7,274,900[74] | ||||
Baghdad | 7,180,889[75] | ||||
Fuzhou | 7,115,369 | 4,468,076 | |||
Changsha | 7,044,118[76] | ||||
Wuhan | 6,886,253[77] | ||||
Hanoi | 6,844,100[62] | ||||
Rio de Janeiro | 6,429,923[78] | 12,727,000 | 13,973,505[37] | ||
Qingdao | 6,188,100 | 9,046,200 | 6,188,100 | ||
Foshan | 6,151,622[79][80][63][lower-alpha 7] | ||||
Zunyi | 6,127,009 | ||||
Santiago | 5,743,719[81] | 6,683,852[82] | |||
Riyadh | 5,676,621[83] | ||||
Ahmedabad | 5,570,585[20] | 6,352,254[13] | |||
Singapore | 5,535,000[84] | ||||
Shantou | 5,391,028[85] | 11,535,677 | |||
Ankara | 5,271,000[32] | 4,585,000[32] | 4,919,000[32] | ||
Yangon | 5,214,000[86] | ||||
Saint Petersburg | 5,191,690[87] | 5,900,000 | 6,200,000 | ||
Sydney | 208,374[88] | 5,029,768[89] | |||
Casablanca | 5,117,832[90] | 6,861,739 | 6,861,739 | ||
Melbourne | 135,959[91] | 4,741,929[92] | |||
Abidjan | 4,765,000[93] | ||||
Alexandria | 4,616,625[94] | ||||
Kolkata | 4,486,679[20] | 14,617,882[13] | |||
Surat | 4,462,002[20] | 4,585,367[20] | |||
Johannesburg | 4,434,827[95] | ||||
Dar es Salaam | 4,364,541[96] | ||||
Shijiazhuang | 4,303,700 | 10,701,600 | 4,303,700 | ||
Harbin | 4,280,701[97][98] | 10,635,971 | 6,704,573 | ||
Giza | 4,239,988[99] | ||||
İzmir | 4,168,000[32] | 3,019,000[32] | 3,575,000[32] | ||
Zhengzhou | 4,122,087[100] | ||||
New Taipei City | 3,954,929[101] | ||||
Los Angeles | 3,884,307[102] | 15,058,000 | 13,262,220[103] | ||
Changchun | 3,815,270 | 7,674,439[104] | 4,193,073 | ||
Cape Town | 3,740,026[95] | ||||
Yokohama | 3,726,167[33][lower-alpha 8] | ||||
Khartoum | 3,639,598 | 5,274,321 | 5,345,000[105] | ||
Guayaquil | 3,600,000[106] | 5,000,000 | |||
Hangzhou | 3,560,391[107] | ||||
Xiamen | 3,531,347[108] | 5,114,758 | 1,861,289 | ||
Berlin | 3,517,424[109] | 5,871,022 | |||
Busan | 3,510,833[45] | 8,202,239[110] | |||
Ningbo | 3,491,597[111] | 7,639,000 | 3,491,597 | ||
Jeddah | 3,456,259[112] | ||||
Durban | 3,442,361[95] | ||||
Algiers | 3,415,811 | 5,000,000 | |||
Kabul | 3,414,100[113] | ||||
Hefei | 3,352,076[114] | ||||
Mashhad | 3,001,184 | 3,372,660 | |||
Pyongyang | 3,255,388[115] | ||||
Madrid | 3,207,247[116] | 6,378,297[55] | |||
Faisalabad | 3,203,846[41] | ||||
Baku | 3,202,300 | 4,308,740 | 3,525,000[117] | ||
Tangshan | 7,577,289 | 3,187,171 | 3,187,171 | ||
Ekurhuleni | 3,178,470[95] | ||||
Nairobi | 3,138,369[118] | ||||
Zhongshan | 3,121,275[119] | ||||
Pune | 3,115,431[20] | ||||
Addis Ababa | 3,103,673[120] | 4,567,857 | 3,384,569 | ||
Jaipur | 3,073,350[20] | ||||
Buenos Aires | 3,054,300[121] | 14,122,000 | 13,074,000[122] | ||
Incheon | 2,978,367[123] | ||||
Quezon City | 2,936,116[124][lower-alpha 9] | ||||
Toronto | 2,929,886[125] | 6,346,088[125] | 6,129,900 | ||
Kiev | 2,908,703[126] | 3,375,000[127] | |||
Salvador | 2,902,927[128] | 3,919,864[129] | |||
Rome | 2,877,215[130] | 4,353,775[131][lower-alpha 10] | |||
Dubai | 2,865,560[132] | ||||
Luanda | 2,825,311 | 6,542,944[133] | |||
Lucknow | 2,815,601[20] | ||||
Kaohsiung | 2,778,918[134] | 2,540,000 | |||
Kanpur | 2,768,057[135] | 3,152,317 | 2,920,496[136] | ||
Surabaya | 2,765,487[137] | 7,302,283 | 9,115,485[138][139] | ||
Taichung | 2,752,413[140] | 2,520,000[141] | |||
Basra | 2,750,000[142] | ||||
Taipei | 2,704,974 | 7,045,488[143] | |||
Chicago | 2,695,598[144] | 9,156,000 | 9,554,598[103] | ||
Osaka | 2,691,742[33] | 19,341,976[34] | 17,444,000 | ||
Quito | 2,671,191 | 4,700,000 | |||
Chaozhou | 2,669,844 | ||||
Fortaleza | 2,609,716 | 4,019,213 | |||
Chittagong | 2,581,643[145] | 4,009,423 | |||
Bandung | 2,575,478 | 6,965,655 | 8,495,928[138] | ||
Managua | 2,560,789 | 2,205,676 | |||
Brasília | 2,556,149[146] | 3,919,864[129] | |||
Belo Horizonte | 2,502,557[147] | 5,156,217 | |||
Daegu | 2,492,994[148] | ||||
Houston | 2,489,558[149] | 6,490,180 | 4,944,332 | ||
Douala | 2,446,945[150] | ||||
Medellin | 2,441,123[151] | 3,731,447 | 2,497,870 | ||
Yaoundé | 2,440,462[150] | ||||
Nagpur | 2,405,665[152] | 2,497,870 | |||
Cali | 2,400,653[153] | 3,400,000 | |||
Tashkent | 2,309,600 | ||||
Nagoya | 2,296,014[33] | 9,107,414[34] | 10,177,000 | ||
Isfahan | 2,101,220 | 3,989,070 | |||
Phnom Penh | 2,234,566 | ||||
Paris | 2,229,621 | 12,405,426 | 10,601,122 | ||
Ouagadougou | 2,200,000 | 2,500,000 | |||
Lanzhou | 2,177,130 | 3,616,163 | 2,177,130 | ||
Kano | 2,153,225 | 3,395,000 | 9,383,682 | ||
Dalian | 2,146,099 | 5,935,638 | 3,964,593 | ||
Guatemala City | 2,110,100[154] | 4,500,000[154] | |||
Havana | 2,106,146[155] | ||||
Rawalpindi | 2,098,231[41] | ||||
Medan | 2,097,610 | 4,103,696 | |||
Accra | 2,070,463[156] | 4,010,054[156] | |||
Visakhapatnam | 2,035,922 | 5,340,000[157] | |||
Gujranwala | 2,027,001[41] | ||||
Jinan | 2,009,273 | 5,853,196 | |||
Karaj | 1,973,470 | ||||
Peshawar | 1,970,042[41] | ||||
Minsk | 1,959,781[158] | ||||
Caracas | 1,943,901 | 2,923,959 | |||
Sana'a | 1,937,451[33] | 2,167,961 | |||
Sapporo | 1,918,096[33] | 2,584,880 | |||
Tainan | 1,885,252[159] | 1,170,000[160] | |||
Bucharest | 1,883,425 | 2,272,163[161] | 1,931,000[162] | ||
Curitiba | 1,879,355 | 3,400,000 | |||
Shiraz | 1,869,001 | ||||
Vienna | 1,863,881 | 2,600,000 | |||
Brazzaville | 1,827,000 | ||||
Bhopal | 1,798,218[163] | 1,864,389 | 1,745,333 | ||
Almaty | 1,792,549[164] | 2,460,400[165] | |||
Hamburg | 1,787,408[166] | 5,046,182 | |||
Manila | 1,780,148[124] | 12,877,253[124] | 24,123,000 | ||
Kuala Lumpur | 1,768,000[167] | 7,200,000[168] | |||
Maputo | 1,766,184 | 1,766,823 | |||
Budapest | 1,759,407[169] | 2,927,944[170] | 3,303,786 | ||
Warsaw | 1,753,977[171] | 3,100,844[170] | |||
Lusaka | 1,742,979 | 2,467,467 | |||
Kathmandu | 1,744,240 | 2,517,023 | 3,207,205 | ||
Tabriz | 1,733,033[172] | ||||
Hyderabad | 1,732,693[41] | ||||
Palembang | 1,708,413 | ||||
Tijuana | 1,696,923 | 1,895,797 | |||
Patna | 1,683,200 | 2,231,554 | 2,046,652[173] | ||
Montreal | 1,649,519 | 4,127,100 | 3,407,963 | ||
Davao City | 1,632,991[174] | 2,516,216[lower-alpha 11] | |||
Harare | 1,606,000 | 1,619,000[175] | |||
Barcelona | 1,604,555[176] | 5,375,774 | 4,740,000[177] | ||
Maracaibo | 1,599,940[178] | 3,897,655 | 2,658,355 | ||
Caloocan | 1,583,978[124][lower-alpha 12] | ||||
Philadelphia | 1,567,872[179] | 6,069,875[180] | 7,183,479[181] | ||
Novosibirsk | 1,567,087[182] | ||||
Phoenix | 1,563,025[183] | 4,574,531 | 3,629,114 | ||
Oran | 1,560,329[184] | 3,454,078 | |||
Semarang | 1,555,984 | 3,183,516 | |||
Recife | 1,555,039 | 3,743,854 | |||
Kobe | 1,536,499[33][lower-alpha 13] | ||||
Daejeon | 1,535,028 | ||||
Kampala | 1,507,080 | ||||
Kawasaki | 1,496,035[33][lower-alpha 14] | ||||
Guadalajara | 1,495,189 | 4,424,252 | |||
Auckland | 1,495,000[185] | 1,614,300[186] | |||
Vijayawada | 1,491,202[187] | 5,873,588 | |||
Fukuoka | 1,483,052[33] | 5,590,378 | |||
Gwangju | 1,477,780[148] | ||||
Porto Alegre | 1,476,867 | 4,405,769 | |||
Kyoto | 1,474,570[33][lower-alpha 15] | ||||
San Antonio | 1,469,845[188] | 2,454,061 | |||
Santa Cruz de la Sierra | 1,453,549 | 1,749,000 | |||
Munich | 1,450,381[189] | 2,606,021 | |||
Kharkiv | 1,449,414[190] | 1,650,000[191] | |||
Yekaterinburg | 1,428,042 | ||||
San Diego | 1,394,928[188] | 3,095,313 | 2,956,746 | ||
Barranquilla | 1,386,865[192] | 2,370,753[192] | |||
Milan | 1,359,905[193] | 3,206,465[lower-alpha 16] | |||
Ibadan | 1,338,659 | 2,837,000 | 3,375,000 | ||
Makassar | 1,338,633 | 1,976,168 | |||
Córdoba | 1,330,023[194] | 1,528,000 | |||
Prague | 1,324,000[195] | ||||
Mandalay | 1,319,452[196] | 1,726,889 | |||
Dallas | 1,317,929[197] | 7,233,323[198] | 5,121,892[199] | ||
Montevideo | 1,305,082[200] | 1,947,604 | 1,719,453 | ||
Qom | 1,201,158 | ||||
Ahvaz | 1,184,788 | 1,260,817 | |||
Sofia | 1,260,120 | 1,682,340 | 1,547,472 | ||
Nizhny Novgorod | 1,250,619[201] | ||||
Abuja | 1,235,880 | 6,000,000[202] | 2,440,000 | ||
Calgary | 1,235,171[203] | 1,214,839 | 1,095,404 | ||
Saitama | 1,226,656[33][lower-alpha 17] | ||||
Suwon | 1,202,310 | ||||
Hiroshima | 1,196,274 | ||||
Rosario | 1,193,605[204] | 1,276,000[205] | |||
Brisbane | 1,180,285[206] | 2,360,241[207][208] | |||
Allahabad | 1,117,094 | ||||
Belgrade | 1,166,763[209] | 1,233,796[209] | 1,659,440[209] | ||
Campinas | 1,164,098[210] | 3,094,181[210] | |||
Ulsan | 1,163,690[45] | ||||
Omsk | 1,154,116[201] | ||||
Dakar | 1,146,053[211] | 2,452,656[211] | |||
Abu Dhabi | 1,145,000 | ||||
Monterrey | 1,130,960 | 4,520,329 | |||
Tripoli | 1,126,000 | 2,267,000 | 2,325,000 | ||
Rostov-on-Don | 1,119,900[212] | ||||
T'bilisi | 1,118,035[213] | 1,485,293 | |||
Fez | 1,112,072[214] | ||||
Birmingham | 1,111,300 | 3,683,000 | 2,440,986 | ||
Yerevan | 1,060,138[215] | ||||
Cologne | 1,057,327[216] | 3,573,500 | |||
Tunis | 1,056,247 | 2,643,695 | 2,294,547 | ||
Bulawayo | 1,050,000 | 1,200,000[217] | |||
Astana | 1,029,556[218] | 1,200,000[219] | |||
Islamabad | 1,014,825[39] | 1,829,180 | |||
Cartagena | 1,013,389[220] | 1,013,389 | 1,013,389 | ||
See also
Notes
- ↑ Sum of the 2014 population estimates for the "urban-function core district" and "urban-function extended district" of Chongqing, which were 3,677,600 and 4,512,200 respectively.[9] See also the next note.
- ↑ Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Ningbo, Changzhou, Shaoxing, and urban area of Zhangjiaggang-Jiangyin within the prefecture-level cities of Suzhou and Wuxi are treated as separate urban areas which constitute the Yangtze River Delta economic zone. Huai'an (1,856,000; 148 km2), Xuzhou (1,246,000; 233 km2), Nantong (1,036,000; 233 km2), Lianyungang (985,000; 155 km2), Zhenjiang (983,000; 168 km2), Yancheng (797,000; 207 km2), Huzhou (690,000; 111 km2), Taizhou (in Jiangsu Province; 300,000; 117 km2) and Suqian (220,000; 36 km2), as well as urban areas of Yangzhou (1,593,000; 233 km2) and Gaoyou (180,000; 39 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Yangzhou, urban areas of Kunshan (1,596,000; 492 km2), Changshu (1,139,000; 285 km2) and Taicang (523,000; 117 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Suzhou, urban areas of Cixi (1,200,000; 298 km2) and Yuyao (650,000; 122 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Ningbo, urban areas of Jiaxing (1,044,000; 259 km2) and Tongxiang (510,000; 52 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jiaxing, urban areas of Wenling (510,000; 52 km2), Jiaojiang (375,000; 41 km2) and Huangyan (200,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Taizhou (in Zhejiang Province), urban areas of Zhuji (500,000; 117 km2) and Shangyu (400,000; 158 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Shaoxing, urban areas of Yiwu-Dongyang (925,000; 233 km2), Jinhua (520,000; 186 km2), Yongkang (500,000; 223 km2), Dongyang (260,000; 104 km2) and Lanxi (220,000; 34 km2) within the prefecture-level city of Jinhua, and urban area of Fuyang (450,000; 49 km2) within the sub-provincial city of Hangzhou are also excluded.
- ↑ Lagos consists 16 out of Lagos State's 20 LGA, which excludes: Badagry, Epe, Ibeju-Lekki and Ikorodu.[21][22]
- ↑ Preliminary and disputed by all the major political parties in Sindh.[26][27][28]
- ↑ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
- ↑ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
- ↑ Shenzhen, Dongguan and Foshan are all part of the Pearl River Delta, centered on Guangzhou.
- ↑ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area
- ↑ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
- ↑ Rome and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Rome Capital
- ↑ Davao City and its neighbouring cities and towns are all under part of Metropolitan Davao
- ↑ Quezon City and Caloocan City are both under the administration of Metropolitan Manila
- ↑ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
- ↑ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area
- ↑ Kyoto and Kobe are both part of the Keihanshin, centered on Osaka.
- ↑ Milan and its neighbouring comunes are all under the administration of Metropolitan City of Milan
- ↑ The cities of Yokohama, Kawasaki and Saitama are all part of the Greater Tokyo Area
References
- 1 2 3 4 5 "SOWC-2012-DEFINITIONS". UNICEF. Archived from the original on 8 December 2013. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
- ↑ "World Urbanization Prospects: The 2007 Revision Population Database". United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 August 2010. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
- ↑ "United Nations Statistics Division – Demographic and Social Statistics". United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 June 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2010.
- ↑ Demographic Yearbook 2005, Volume 57. United Nations. 2008. p. 241. ISBN 92-1-051099-2. Archived from the original on 2 May 2016.
- 1 2 World Urbanization Prospects: The 2003 Revision. United Nations. 2Remove "career" merge tag. I could not find a discussion on a merge.004. ISBN 92-1-151396-0. Archived from the original on 14 May 2016. Check date values in:
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(help) - ↑ Alexander, Ruth (29 January 2012). "The world's biggest cities: How do you measure them?". BBC News. Archived from the original on 2 March 2015. Retrieved 16 March 2015.
- 1 2 Demographia (January 2015). Demographia World Urban Areas (PDF) (11 ed.). Archived (PDF) from the original on 26 December 2016. Retrieved 2 March 2015.
- 1 2 "2017年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Chinese). 凤凰网. 28 January 2016. Retrieved 13 February 2016.
- ↑ 2014年重庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 [Chongqing Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014] (in Chinese). Chongqing Bureau of Statistics. 16 March 2015. Archived from the original on 23 May 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2015.
- ↑ 2014年上海市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 [Shanghai Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletin 2014] (in Chinese). Shanghai Bureau of Statistics. 28 February 2015. Archived from the original on 9 March 2015. Retrieved 1 May 2015.
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|title=
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|accessdate=
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- ↑ http://www.dane.gov.co/files/investigaciones/poblacion/proyepobla06_20/Municipal_area_1985-2020.xls