Bayt Naqquba

Bayt Naqquba
Bayt Naqquba
Arabic بيت نقّوبة
Name meaning The house of the mountain pass[1]
Also spelled Beit Nakuba
Subdistrict Jerusalem
Coordinates 31°48′16″N 35°07′25″E / 31.80444°N 35.12361°E / 31.80444; 35.12361Coordinates: 31°48′16″N 35°07′25″E / 31.80444°N 35.12361°E / 31.80444; 35.12361
Palestine grid 161/134
Population 278 (1948[2])
Area 2,979 dunams
2.9 km²
Date of depopulation early April 1948[3]
Cause(s) of depopulation Military assault by Yishuv forces
Current localities Beit Nekofa[4]

Bayt Naqquba (Arabic: بيت نقّوبة‎, Hebrew: בית נקובא‎, also known as Bait Naqquba) was a Palestinian village in British Mandate Palestine, located 9.5 kilometers west of Jerusalem, near Abu Ghosh. Before Palmach and Haganah troops occupied the village during Operation Nachshon on April 11, 1948 approximately 300 Palestinian Arabs lived there.[5] After the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, a moshav named Beit Nekofa was founded close to the site by Jewish immigrants from Yugoslavia. In 1962, residents of Bayt Naqubba built a new village named Ein Naqquba, south of Beit Nekofa.[5]

History

In 1838 Beit Nikoba was noted as a Muslim village, located in the District of Beni Malik, west of Jerusalem.[6]

In 1863 Victor Guérin found the village located on cultivated slopes, with 200 inhabitants,[7] while an Ottoman village list from about 1870 found 23 houses and a population of 88, though that population count included men, only.[8][9]

In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine (SWP) described Bayt Naqquba as a village built on a slope with a spring to the south.[10]

Around 1896 the population of Bet Nakuba was estimated to be about 135 persons.[11]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, during the early British Mandate of Palestine period, there were 120 villagers, all Muslims,[12] increasing in the 1931 census to 177 Muslims, in 41 houses.[13]

The villagers planted olive trees and vineyards, which grew mainly west of the village and on the valley floors, and irrigated their crops with water drawn from the village springs. Olive trees covered 194 dunum of land.[14] In the 1944/5 statistics, the village had a population of 240 Muslims, and the total land area was 2,797 dunams.[15][16] 303 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards, 515 dunams were for cereals,[17] while 9 dunams were built-up (urban) Arab land.[18]

1948, and after

Like the people of Abu Ghosh, the inhabitants of Bayt Naqquba were known for their friendly relations with their Jewish neighbors in Kibbutz Kiryat Anavim.[19] Benny Morris writes: "It is possible that the inhabitants of Beit Naqquba had received both an order to evacuate from Arab military commanders in Ein Karim and "strong advice" to the same effect from Lisser and Navon. But it is likely that the "advice" given in the name of the Harel Brigade, which physically controlled the area, was more potent of the two factors in precipitating the evacuation."[19] The village was taken around the 11 April 1948 during Operation Nachshon.[20]

Between 1948 and 1964 the inhabitants of Bayt Naqquba lived at Sataf, "under trees, because the Arabs had not allowed them to come over their lines, out of distrust and revenge".[21] Afterwards they were allowed to stay temporarily in Abu Ghosh. In 1962, they established a new village, Ein Naqquba on some of their land south of the Jerusalem-Tel Aviv highway.

The village today

See also

References

  1. ↑ Palmer, 1881, p. 286
  2. ↑ Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
  3. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. xx, village #357. Also gives the cause for depopulation
  4. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. xxi, settlement #80. 1949
  5. 1 2 Welcome to Bayt Naqquba, Palestine Remembered, retrieved 2007-12-04
  6. ↑ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol 3, Appendix 2, p. 123
  7. ↑ Guérin, 1868, pp. 71, 279
  8. ↑ Socin, 1879, p. 146 Also noted to be in the Beni Malik district
  9. ↑ Hartmann, 1883, p. 118 also noted 23 houses
  10. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, III:16. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p.277
  11. ↑ Schick, 1896, p. 125
  12. ↑ Barron, 1923, p. 14
  13. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 38
  14. ↑ Khalidi, 1992, pp. 277-8
  15. ↑ Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 24
  16. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 56
  17. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 101
  18. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 151
  19. 1 2 Morris, 1994, pp. 257-289
  20. 1 2 Khalidi, 1992, p. 278.
  21. ↑ Morris, 1994, p. 264

Bibliography

  • Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H. H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
  • Guérin, V. (1868). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). 1: Judee, pt. 1. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre.
  • Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
  • Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Morris, B. (1994). "8". 1948 and after; Israel and the Palestinians. Oxford University Press. pp. 257–289: The Case of Abu Ghosh and Beit Naqquba, Al Fureidis and Jisr Zarka in 1948 -or Why Four Villages Remained. ISBN 0-19-827929-9.
  • Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
  • Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
  • Schick, C. (1896). "Zur Einwohnerzahl des Bezirks Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 19: 120–127.
  • Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.

See also

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