Al-Hamidiyya

Al-Hamidiyya
Al-Hamidiyya
Arabic الحميديه
Also spelled Hamidiya, al-
Subdistrict Baysan
Coordinates 32°32′39″N 35°30′56″E / 32.54417°N 35.51556°E / 32.54417; 35.51556Coordinates: 32°32′39″N 35°30′56″E / 32.54417°N 35.51556°E / 32.54417; 35.51556
Palestine grid 198/216
Population 220[1][2] (1945)
Area 10,902[2] dunams
Date of depopulation 12 May 1948[3]
Cause(s) of depopulation Influence of nearby town's fall

Al-Hamidiyya (Arabic: الحميديه‎), was a Palestinian village in the District of Baysan. It was depopulated by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 12, 1948. It was located five kilometres north of Baysan. It was attacked as part of Operation Gideon. The population in 1922 was 193, expanding to 255 in 1948.

History

The village takes its name from the sultan of the Ottoman Empire, Abdul Hamid II (1876–1909).

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the Mandatory Palestine authorities, Hamidiyeh had a population of 193; 1 Roman Catholic Christian and 192 Muslims,[4][5] decreasing slightly in the 1931 census to 157, all Muslims, in 42 houses.[6]

In 1944/1945 the village was counted together with the Jewish kibbutz of Hermonim, with 220 Muslim Arab inhabitants in Al-Hamidiyya, and 100 Jewish inhabitants in Hermonim. Together they had a total area of 10,902 dunums, where Arabs owned 4,720 dunums of land as compared to 1,386 (about 13%) of the total land owned by the Jewish inhabitants.[1][2] Of this land, Arabs used 164 dunams for citrus and bananas, 8 for irrigation and plantation, 4,395 for cereals,[7] while 10 dunams were built–up, Arab land.[8]

1948 War and aftermath

According to Benny Morris, Kibbutzniks demanded -and often themselves carried out- the destruction of neighbouring villages for local (and selfish) reasons, as a means of blocking the return of the Arab villagers. For this reason a veteran local leader, Nahum Wurwitz of Kfar Gil'adi appealed in a letter in September 1948 for permission to destroy al-Bira, Kawkab al-Hawa, Jabbul, and al-Hamidiyya in the area for fear that they may be used by Arabs for military operations and to enable them to "take the village's lands, because the Arabs won't be able to return there".[9] Following the war the area was incorporated into the State of Israel.

The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, described the village remaining structures in 1992 as: "Aside from the ruins of the village's houses (which have been reduced to cement rubble), a cemetery, and a few wells, only thorns are found on the site. The lands in the vicinity are used by Israelis for agriculture and grazing."[10]

Chamadya, 2 km south, is close, but not on village land.[10]

References

  1. 1 2 Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 6
  2. 1 2 3 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 43
  3. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. xvii, village #119. Also gives cause of depopulation.
  4. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table IX, p. 31
  5. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table XV, p. 48
  6. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 78
  7. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 84
  8. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 134
  9. ↑ Morris, 2004, p. 357. Quotes from Peterzil to Erem, Bentov, Hazan and Cisling (August 10, 1948), quoting an extract from an undated letter from Faivel Cohen of Ma'ayan Barukh, to Peterzil, HHA-ACP 10.95.10(5) therein.
  10. 1 2 Khalidi, 1992, p. 50

Bibliography

  • Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
  • Hadawi, Sami (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
  • Khalidi, Walid (1992). All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Morris, Benny (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
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