Dayr 'Amr

Dayr 'Amr
Dayr 'Amr
Arabic دير عمرو
Name meaning Kh. Deir ’Amr, the ruin of the monastery of Amr[1]
Subdistrict Jerusalem
Coordinates 31°46′37″N 35°05′48″E / 31.77694°N 35.09667°E / 31.77694; 35.09667Coordinates: 31°46′37″N 35°05′48″E / 31.77694°N 35.09667°E / 31.77694; 35.09667
Palestine grid 159/131
Population 10[2][3] (1945)
Area 3,072 dunams
Date of depopulation July 17, 1948
Current localities Eitanim[4]

Dayr 'Amr was a Palestinian Arab village in the Jerusalem Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on July 17, 1948 by the Fourth Battalion of the Har'el Brigade, during the second stage of Operation Dan. It was located 12.5 km west of Jerusalem. Dayr 'Amr was named after a local sage known by al-Sa'i 'Amr and a shrine was in the village dedicated to him.

History

In 1863, Victor Guérin found here a wali, devoted to a Sheikh Amer, and this wali gave name to the neighbouring "ruin", which he described as "twenty small chambers, half of which have been collapsed and enclosed within the same enclosure: they were constructed with materials of all kinds and date from the Middle Ages." He also noted five cisterns had been excavated from the rock, and appeared to be older.[5]

In 1883, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine found "ruined walls" at Khurbet Deir 'Amr.[6]

British Mandate era

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Dair Amr had a population 5, all Muslims,[7] while in the 1931 census, it was counted with Suba, and together they had a population of 434 Muslims, in 110 houses.[8]

Freya Stark recalled how she met with Ahmad Samih Khalidi, the principal of Arab College (Jerusalem), and "his charming Syrian wife" and inspected the orphanage which was built at Dayr 'Amr. The first £ 1,000 was collected among fourteen Arabs of Jerusalem, who started it in 1940. They built a school, a farm, and a directors house in "strong stone" at the top of a stony hill. The student learned agriculture, which they could use when they returned to their villages.[9]

In the 1945 statistics only 10 Muslims were recorded,[2] with a total of 3,072 dunums of land.[3] Of this, 18 dunams were for irrigable land or plantations, 650 for cereals,[10] while 2,404 dunams were non-cultivable land.[11]

1948, aftermath

In 1952, the buildings of the boys' farm were transformed into the Israeli mental hospital Eitanim[4]

In 1992, the place was described in the following terms: "The site is surrounded with a fence and a guarded gate. All the houses still stand and new extensions have been added to some of them. Large cypress and carob trees grow among the houses. There is an olive grove on the southern edge of the village. The Bezek telephone and television company has established a large facility, with radar equipment, at the southern edge of the site. The psychiatric hospital of Eytanim is nearby."[12]

References

  1. ↑ Palmer, 1881, p. 303
  2. 1 2 Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 24
  3. 1 2 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 56
  4. 1 2 Khalidi, 1992, p. 284
  5. ↑ Guérin, 1869, p. 8
  6. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1883, p. 111
  7. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jerusalem, p. 14
  8. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 43
  9. ↑ Stark, 1945, pp.105–106
  10. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 102
  11. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 152
  12. ↑ Khalidi, 1992, p. 285

References

  • Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H. H. (1883). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 3. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
  • Guérin, V. (1869). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). 1: Judee, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
  • Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
  • Palmer, E. H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Stark, F. (1945). East is West. John Murray.
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