Cleveland, Tennessee

Cleveland, Tennessee
City
Craigmiles Hall in downtown Cleveland

Seal
Nickname(s): The City with Spirit

Location of Cleveland in Bradley County, Tennessee.
Cleveland, Tennessee
Location in Tennessee in the United States
Cleveland, Tennessee
Cleveland, Tennessee (the US)
Coordinates: 35°10′17″N 84°52′16″W / 35.17139°N 84.87111°W / 35.17139; -84.87111Coordinates: 35°10′17″N 84°52′16″W / 35.17139°N 84.87111°W / 35.17139; -84.87111
Country United States
State Tennessee
County Bradley
Founded 1837[1]
Incorporated 1842[2]
Named for Benjamin Cleveland
Government
 • Type City Council
 • Mayor Kevin Brooks[3]
 • City Manager Joe Fivas[4]
 • Assistant City Manager Melinda B. Carroll
Area
 • Total 29.68 sq mi (76.87 km2)
 • Land 29.68 sq mi (76.87 km2)
 • Water 0.0 sq mi (0.0 km2)
Elevation 869 ft (265 m)
Population (2010)
 • Total 41,285
 • Estimate (2017)[5] 44,483
 • Density 1,535.3/sq mi (592.8/km2)
Time zone UTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST) UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP codes 37311, 37312, 37320, 37323, 37364[6]
Area code(s) 423
FIPS code 47-15400[7]
GNIS feature ID 1280705[8]
Website www.clevelandtn.gov

Cleveland is a city in Bradley County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 41,285 at the 2010 census.[9] It is the county seat and largest city in Bradley County,[10] and the principal city of the Cleveland, Tennessee metropolitan area (consisting of Bradley County and neighboring Polk County), which is included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton, TN–GA–AL Combined Statistical Area. Cleveland is the fourteenth largest city in Tennessee and the fifth-largest industrially with thirteen Fortune 500 manufacturers.[11][12]

History

Don Troiani's depiction of Col. Benjamin Cleveland
Child workers from Cleveland's Hosiery Mills, 1910. Photo by Lewis Hine.

In 1819, the Cherokee Agency— the official liaison between the U.S. government and the Cherokee Nation— was moved to the Hiwassee area, a few miles north of what is now Cleveland. The Indian agent was Colonel Return J. Meigs. Charleston and Blythe Ferry (about 15 miles, or 24 kilometers, northwest of Cleveland) would both figure prominently in the Cherokee Removal in the late 1830s.[1]

The legislative act that created Bradley County in 1836 authorized the establishment of a county seat, which was to be named "Cleveland" after Colonel Benjamin Cleveland, a commander at the Battle of Kings Mountain during the American Revolution.[1] The commissioners chose "Taylor's Place," the home of Andrew Taylor, as the location for the county seat, due largely to the site's excellent water sources. By 1838, Cleveland already had a population of 400, and was home to two churches (one Presbyterian, the other Methodist), and a school, the Oak Grove Academy. The city was incorporated on February 4, 1842, and elections for mayor and aldermen were held shortly afterward.[13]

Cleveland grew rapidly following the arrival of the railroad in the 1850s. While bitterly divided over the issue of secession on the eve of the Civil War, Cleveland, like Bradley County and most of East Tennessee, voted against Tennessee's Ordinance of Secession in June 1861.[14] The railroad bridge over the Hiwassee River to the north was among those destroyed by the East Tennessee bridge-burning conspiracy in November 1861. Cleveland was occupied by the Confederate Army from 1861 to 1863.[15]

During the 1870s, Cleveland experienced a growth spurt. The city's most iconic building, Craigmiles Hall, was constructed in 1878 as an opera house and meeting hall. Numerous factories were also established, including the Hardwick Stove Company in 1879, the Cleveland Woolen Mills in 1880, and the Cleveland Chair Company in 1884. By 1890, the city was home to nine physicians, twelve attorneys, eleven general stores, fourteen grocery stores, three drug stores, three hardware stores, six butcher shops, two hatmakers, two hotels, a shoe store, and seven saloons. A mule-drawn trolley system was established in 1886, and the city had electricity by 1895. During this period, Cleveland's population more than doubled from 1,812 in 1880 to 3,643 in 1900.[13]

Many of the buildings currently standing in the downtown area, including those in the Centenary Avenue Historic District, were constructed between 1880 and 1915. In 1918, the Church of God, a Christian denomination headquartered in Cleveland, established a Bible school that would eventually become Lee University. Cleveland's Chamber of Commerce was established in 1925. The city experienced further growth when several major factories were constructed in the area following World War II.[13] As a result, the city has expanded much to the north and northwest, and the business district is now located in the southern portion of town.[16][17]

Geography

Cleveland is located in southeast Tennessee in the center of Bradley County situated among a series of low hills and ridges roughly 15 miles (24 km) west of the Blue Ridge Mountains and 15 miles (24 km) east of the Chickamauga Lake impoundment of the Tennessee River. The Hiwassee River, which flows down out of the mountains and forms the northern boundary of Bradley County, empties into the Tennessee a few miles northwest of Cleveland. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city had a total land area of 26.9 square miles (69.7 km2) in 2010.[9]

Much of the city's terrain is made up of paralleling ridges, including Candies Creek Ridge (also called Clingan Ridge), Mouse Creek/Lead Mine Ridge, and Blue Springs Ridge which are extensions of the Appalachian Mountains (specifically part of the Ridge-and-Valley Appalachians) that run approximately north-northeast through the city.[18][19] Several streams run in the valleys between the ridges including Candies Creek, located west of Clingan ridge, and South Mouse Creek, between Mouse Creek and Lead Mine Ridge.[20][21]

Cleveland is divided into five major regions: Central Cleveland (also called Downtown Cleveland), Northern Cleveland (also called North Cleveland), Western Cleveland, East Cleveland, and South Cleveland.[18][19] East and South Cleveland are census-designated places within the city limits. There are no official borders between the other divisions. Central Cleveland encompasses the business district and surrounding residential area including the Stuart Heights, Centenary Avenue, and Annadale neighborhoods.[17] Northern Cleveland has come to be the location for most of the city's retail shops and private interests.[16] In addition, it is a major residential division, made up of Burlington Heights, Fairview, and Sequoia Grove neighborhoods.[18] Western Cleveland is entirely residential. Much of it is an extension of the city limits westward to encompass populous neighborhoods including Hopewell Estates and Rolling Hills.[17] East and South Cleveland are both residential and industrial divisions.[18][19] People living in East Cleveland tend to be less privileged. South Cleveland is the densest populated part of town.[16] People who live in these regions are sometimes referred to as being "isolated" from the rest of the city, as they work in that part of town and most of their economy comes from retail and businesses in the southern part of the city.

Neighborhoods

Several neighborhoods and communities are located within the city.[18][19] These include:

Climate

Since 1908, 28 tornadoes have been documented in the Cleveland area, seven of which struck on April 27, 2011.[22]

Climate data for Cleveland, Tennessee
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °F (°C) 50
(10)		 54
(12)		 63
(17)		 73
(23)		 80
(27)		 86
(30)		 90
(32)		 89
(32)		 83
(28)		 72
(22)		 62
(17)		 52
(11)		 71
(22)
Average low °F (°C) 28
(−2)		 31
(−1)		 38
(3)		 46
(8)		 56
(13)		 65
(18)		 69
(21)		 67
(19)		 60
(16)		 48
(9)		 38
(3)		 30
(−1)		 48
(9)
Average precipitation inches (cm) 5
(13)		 4.8
(12.2)		 5.1
(13)		 4.3
(10.9)		 4.4
(11.2)		 4.5
(11.4)		 4
(10)		 3.5
(8.9)		 4.1
(10.4)		 3.3
(8.4)		 5
(13)		 5
(13)		 53
(135.4)
Source #1: weather.com http://www.weather.com

[23]

Source #2: weatherbase.com

[24]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1860806—
18701,658105.7%
18801,87413.0%
18902,86352.8%
19003,85834.8%
19105,54943.8%
19206,52217.5%
19309,13640.1%
194011,35124.2%
195012,60511.0%
196016,19628.5%
197021,44632.4%
198026,41523.2%
199030,35414.9%
200037,19222.5%
201041,28511.0%
Est. 201744,483[5]7.7%
U.S. Decennial Census
Location of the Cleveland Metropolitan Statistical Area in Tennessee

Cleveland is the principal city of the Cleveland Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan area that covers Bradley and Polk counties[25] and had a combined population of 115,788 at the 2000 census.[26]

2000 census

As of the census[7] of 2000, there were 37,192 people, 15,037 households, and 9,518 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,490.9 people per square mile (575.5/km2). There were 16,431 housing units at an average density of 658.7 per square mile (254.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 89.00% White, 7.01% African American, 0.23% Native American, 0.97% Asian, 0.03% Pacific Islander, 1.29% from other races, and 1.46% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.87% of the population.

There were 15,037 households out of which 28.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.6% were married couples living together, 13.0% had a female householder with no husband present, and 36.7% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 10.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.90.

In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% under the age of 18, 15.4% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 13.9% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 89.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.0 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $30,098, and the median income for a family was $40,150. Males had a median income of $30,763 versus $21,480 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,316. About 11.3% of families and 16.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 19.5% of those under age 18 and 14.3% of those age 65 or over.

2010 census

As of the census of 2010,[27] there were 41,285 people, 16,107 households, and 10,063 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,535.3 people per square mile (575.5/km2). There were 17,841 housing units at an average density of 663.5 per square mile (254.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 83.90% White, 7.40% African American, 0.40% Native American, 1.50% Asian, 0.10% Pacific Islander, 4.30% from other races, and 2.40% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.50% of the population.

There were 16,107 households out of which 27.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.0% were married couples living together, 14.3% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 30.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 26.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.40 and the average family size was 2.97.

In the city, the population was spread out with 6.5% under the age of 5, 6.2% aged 5 to 9, 5.7% aged 10 to 14, 7.9% aged 15 to 19, 10.7% aged 20 to 24, 7.1% aged 25 to 29, 6.1% aged 30 to 34, 6.0% aged 35 to 39, 6.0% aged 40 to 44, 6.3% aged 45 to 49, 6.1% aged 50 to 54, 5.5% aged 55 to 59, 5.0% aged 60 to 64, 4.2% aged 65 to 69, 3.3% aged 70 to 74, 2.8% aged 75 to 79, 2.3% aged 80 to 84, and 2.2% aged 85 and older. The median age was 34.8 years. The gender makeup was 52.4% female and 47.6% male. The median female age was 36.5 and the median male age was 32.9

The median income for a household in the city was $36,270, and the median income for a family was $47,104. The per capita income for the city was $21,576. About 15.0% of families and 21.1% of the population were below the poverty line, including 25.5% of those under age 18 and 10.3% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

Broad Street United Methodist Church

Cleveland is located in a region of the Southern United States known as the Bible Belt.[28] Numerous Christian denominations are represented in the city, including several for which Cleveland serves as the international headquarters. Denominations based in Cleveland include:

There are approximately 200 Protestant Churches and one Catholic Church in Bradley County. An estimated 39.6 percent of residents have no religious affiliation.[29]

Several churches in Downtown Cleveland are of notable architecture, including the Romanesque Revival Broad Street United Methodist Church, the First Presbyterian Church on Ocoee Street, and St. Luke's Episcopal Church, which was built in the Gothic Revival style by architect Peter Williamson. All three are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

The mysterious red stains that appear on the marble of the Craigmiles Mausoleum.

Cleveland is home to the famous Craigmiles Mausoleum, located at 320 Broad Street NW, behind St. Luke's Episcopal Church. The mausoleum contains the body of Nina Craigmiles, a seven-year-old who died tragically on October 18, 1871, when a horse buggy in which she was riding was struck by a train. Her father, John Craigmiles, constructed the church and mausoleum in Nina's memory and called the church St. Luke's because the girl died on St. Luke's Day.[30] The mausoleum became the subject of fascination when red stains appeared on the white marble shortly after Nina's body was placed inside. Over the years the stained marble has been replaced, but the stains inevitably reappear. Also noteworthy is the fact that the church was to feature a statue of Nina Craigmiles, but as it was being shipped from Europe, the statue sank aboard the RMS Titanic.[31]

Economy

Old Hardwick Woolen Mills factory building in Cleveland, Tennessee.
Hardwick Clothes is America’s oldest tailor-made clothing manufacturer. Employees are seen here at the company’s birthday celebration in 2014 at its current facility on Old Tasso Road.

Manufacturing is responsible for the majority of the city's income. Cleveland's industrial economy is the fifth largest in Tennessee.[11] Cleveland is home to several manufacturers, including those of household cooking equipment, foodstuff, textiles, furniture, storage batteries, pharmaceuticals, industrial cleaning products, photographic processing, industrial and domestic chemicals, and automotive parts.[32] Top employers include Whirlpool, Johnston Coca-Cola, Mars, Inc., Procter & Gamble, Duracell, Peyton's Southeastern, Arch Chemicals, Advanced Photographic Solutions, Cleveland Chair Company, Renfro Foods, Flowers Bakery, Olin Corporation, Georgia Pacific, Rubbermaid, Exel, Inc., Jackson Furniture, Cleveland Chair Company, Eaton Corporation, Olin Corporation, Bayer, Schering-Plough, Lonza, Wacker, Mueller Company, and Polartec.[29] In total, Cleveland contains more than 150 manufacturing firms and thirteen Fortune 500 Companies.[29] Tourism also plays a major part, with many nearby attractions and yearly events.

Cleveland is the location for the corporate headquarters of Life Care Centers of America, the largest privately held nursing facility company in the US, founded and owned by Forrest Preston. Check Into Cash Inc., the largest privately held payday loan company in the US, was founded in Cleveland in 1993 by businessman Allan Jones.[33] Hardwick Clothes, the oldest tailor-made clothing maker in America, was founded in 1880 and has been headquartered in Cleveland for its entire history.[34] In addition to corporate businesses, Cleveland has a thriving retail climate, mostly located in the northern part of the city. The Bradley Square Mall is a shopping mall with over 50 tenants.[35]

Tourism

Tourism is a major part of Cleveland's income. Several attractions in and around Cleveland attract visitors from all over the country. Perhaps the Cherokee National Forest in Polk County is responsible for the majority of the income. The forest yields many outdoor activities. Two rivers, the Ocoee and Hiwassee, flow through the forest. Thousands of people travel to the area every year to raft these rivers. The Ocoee River was the sight of the canoe slalom events for the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. Red Clay State Park is a historical site just above the Georgia state line. The Cherokee Indians took council here upon being driven out of Georgia. The Museum Center at Five Points is a history museum and cultural center which features exhibits on the Ocoee Region and surrounding areas.[36] The Ocoee Regional Nature Center is a state-certified arboretum. It houses over 100 types of trees, plants, flowers, and shrubs.

Arts and culture

Events

Photo of Tall Betsy in Fort Hill Cemetery, 1993.

The MainStreet Cleveland Halloween Block Party draws more than 20,000 people to the city every year. The event began in 1988 as a candy handout at the Cleveland Police Department and Centenary Avenue, and has grown to one of the largest events in Cleveland, featuring live music, food stands and a costume contest.[37] Cleveland’s mayor, Tom Rowland, has dubbed the city the “Halloween capital of the world.”[38]

Cleveland is also famous for Tall Betsy, the official Halloween goblin of Bradley County. For years, Tall Betsy’s Halloween night appearance drew large crowds to Cleveland’s Centenary Avenue. The growing crowds inspired MainStreet Cleveland to organize the Halloween Block Party around the event. Local businessman Allan Jones created the modern legend from tales of the Tall Betsy goblin that his grandmother told him as a child. The original legend dates back to the 19th century, with print references in the Cleveland Daily Herald dating as far back as 1892. In 1998, Tall Betsy retired after drawing a crowd of over 25,000 people, but came back in 2005 to celebrate her 25th anniversary.[39][40]

The Cleveland Apple Festival, begun in 2002, is an annual family event held on the third weekend of October.[41] This festival offers a juried art and craft show, live bluegrass music, food booths, pony and a hayride, entertainment, contests and children's activities. Unlike many festivals of its kind in the U.S., The Cleveland Apple Festival does not charge for children to participate in the various children's activities provided in the children's area. The festival is a 501(c)(3) public charity.

The city song is "The Diplomat", composed by John Philip Sousa, and debuted by Sousa to the city in 1906 at the Craigmiles Opera House.[42] In November 2017, the city celebrated its 175th anniversary.[43]

Nicknames

The city's official nickname is "The City with Spirit," adopted in 2012. In the 1970s and 1980s, 40 people in Bradley County were sent to prison for the crime of odometer fraud, and Cleveland was the subject of a 1983 60 Minutes documentary about this crime.[44][45] This led to the city becoming known as the "Odometer Rollback Capital of the World."[46] The city is sometimes sarcastically known as "Clevegas" because of the lack of entertainment industry.

Parks and recreation

Several public recreational parks are located within or near Cleveland.[47] They are all maintained by the Cleveland Parks and Recreation department. They allow a variety of activities, and some organized sports teams compete at them. The Cleveland/Bradley County Greenway is an approximately 4.4 mile long greenway path which follows South Mouse Creek from downtown to neighborhoods in the northern part of the city.[48] Other facilities include the Bradley County Park, Kenneth L. Tinsley Park, Greenway Park, Mosby Park, Deer Park, College Hill Recreation Center, Northeast Recreation Center, Johnston Park, Leonard Fletcher Park, Cleveland Family YMCA, and the South Cleveland Community Center.

Government and politics

The city of Cleveland operates under a council/manager form of government with a mayor, city manager and seven council members. The mayor is Kevin Brooks.[3] The city manager is Joe Fivas, who has held that position since 2016.[49] Elections take place every even year. The city is divided into five districts which are served each by a councilman along with two who serve at-large.[50]

District[50]Councilman[50]
District 1Charlie McKenzie
District 2Bill Estes
District 3Tom Cassada
District 4David May, Jr.
District 5Dale R. Hughes
At-large 1Avery L. Johnson
At-large 2Richard L. Banks

Most of Cleveland is in the 4th congressional district of Tennessee for the U.S. House of Representatives, represented by Republican Scott DesJarlais.[51] A small amount of the city, including East Cleveland and northeast Cleveland, are in the 3rd congressional district, represented by Republican Chuck Fleischmann.[52] Most of Cleveland is part of District 24 of the Tennessee House of Representatives.[53] Kevin Brooks was the representative until September 2018, when he resigned to became mayor of Cleveland.[3] A small part of the city is in District 22, represented by Republican Dan Howell.[54] Most of Cleveland is part of District 9 for the Tennessee Senate, represented by Republican Mike Bell.[55] A small portion of the city is in District 10, represented by Republican Todd Gardenhire.[56]

Cleveland and Bradley County have always been majority-Republican, as has most of East Tennessee, even when Tennessee was part of the Solid South. Since the Republican Party's founding, only two Democratic Presidential Candidates have won Bradley County; Woodrow Wilson in 1912 and Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1932.[57]

Education

Cleveland High School, Bradley Central High School and Walker Valley High School are the three public high schools in Bradley County. Cleveland Middle, Ocoee Middle and Lake Forest are the three middle schools. Cleveland City Schools is a school system for students living within the city limits. Several elementary schools serve students within different sub district divisions. Some schools maintained by Bradley County Schools are also in the city. Tennessee Christian Preparatory School is a Christian college preparatory school located in Cleveland. The city is also home to Cleveland State Community College, a unit of the Tennessee Board of Regents, as well as Lee University, the second largest private four-year university in the state.

Public schools

High Schools

Achievements
Jones Wrestling Center

Cleveland High School has one of the most successful football programs in Tennessee. It has the second longest winning streak in Tennessee high school football history, with 54 consecutive wins between 1993 and 1996.[58] The Blue Raiders have also won state championships in 1968, 1993, 1994 and 1995.[59]

The Cleveland High School and Bradley Central wrestling teams traditionally dominate the state wrestling championships. Since 1994, the Bradley Central Bears have won 22 state championships in the Dual and Traditional categories.[60] The Cleveland Blue Raiders, based at the state-of-the-art Jones Wrestling Center, have won Traditional Championships in 2011, 2013, 2014 and 2015, and placed second in 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2012.[61][62]

In 2013, the Cleveland City Council presented a resolution honoring the Cleveland High School wrestling team, and declared Feb. 25 as “Blue Raider Wrestling Day.” The Blue Raiders were state champions for the second time in three years after winning the 2013 TSSAA Division I Traditional State Championships and the State Duals Finals. The team was runner-up in both the Duals and State Tournaments in 2012, after claiming the Traditional title in 2011.[63]

Private schools

  • Tennessee Christian Preparatory School
  • Cleveland Christian School
  • Candies Creek Academy
  • Bowman Hills Adventist School
  • Shenandoah Baptist Academy
  • United Christian Academy
  • Vanguard Christian Academy
  • La Petite Academy

Higher education

Media

Newspapers

The Cleveland Daily Banner is the town's newspaper. The paper was first published in 1854.[64] Additionally, the Chattanooga Times Free Press, a paper based in Chattanooga, also serves as a primary source of news for Bradley County residents.

Radio

Several radio stations located within Chattanooga and neighboring cities serve Cleveland, along with others licensed to Cleveland, which are listed below:[65]

Call signFrequencyFormat
W207C1 (WAYW)89.3 FMWAY-FM, Contemporary Christian
WSAA93.1 FMAir 1, Contemporary Christian
WOOP-LP99.9 FMBluegrass
WUSY100.7 FMCountry
W267BI101.3 FMTalk
WCLE-FM104.1 FMAdult contemporary
W290CA (WTSE)105.9 FMContemporary Christian
WBAC1340 AMNews/Talk
WCLE-AM1570 AMTalk

Television

Cleveland is served by several TV stations licensed both in the city and neighboring cities. Stations licensed in Cleveland include:

Call sign[66]ChannelNetwork
WPDP-LP25Fox, My Network TV
WTNB-TV27.1Heartland
WFLI-TV42, 53The CW, Me-TV

Infrastructure

Transportation

Historic Southern Railway Depot.

Air

Hardwick Field, also known as Cleveland Municipal Airport, was the principal airport from 1955 to 2013.[67][68] Cleveland Regional Jetport, located approximately two miles east of Hardwick Field opened on January 25, 2013, replacing Hardwick Field.[69] It consists of a 6,200-by-100-foot (1,890 by 30 m) runway.[70]

Rail

Cleveland is served by the Norfolk Southern Railway, which forks in the city and provides logistics for industries.[71]

Roads

The center of Cleveland is at the intersection of U.S. Route 11 and U.S. Route 64. U.S. 11 connects the area with Chattanooga to the south and Athens to the north. The U.S. 11 Bypass (Keith Street) serves as a bypass route for US 11 around downtown, passing approximately 0.5 miles (0.80 km) west of the central business district. U.S. Route 64 connects Cleveland with Murphy, North Carolina, to the east and the Chattanooga area to the southwest. State Route 60 (25th Street) connects Cleveland with Dayton to the northwest and Dalton, Georgia, to the southeast, where the road becomes State Route 71. State Route 74 connects the city to Chatsworth, Georgia to the south. APD-40, made up of the U.S. 64 Bypass and a section of S.R. 60, is part of the Appalachian Development Highway System from where it takes its name, and serves as a beltway around the business district. Parts of this beltway are controlled access. Paul Huff Parkway serves as a major thoroughfare on the northern end of the city. Interstate 75 passes through western Cleveland, connecting the area with Knoxville to the north and Chattanooga to the south. I-75 has three exits in the city.[72]

Principal highways
Aerial view of the cloverleaf interchange with APD-40 (US 64 Byp./SR 60) and US 64 (Inman Street, Waterlevel Highway)
Paul Huff Parkway crossing Candies Creek Ridge.
Other major roadways
  • Mouse Creek Road
  • Stuart Road
  • Peerless Road
  • Georgetown Road
  • SR 312 (Harrison Pike)
  • Freewill Road
  • 20th Street NE
  • 17th Street NW
  • Michigan Avenue Road
  • Benton Pike
  • Blue Springs Road
  • McGrady Drive

Public transportation

The Cleveland Urban Area Transit System (CUATS) is a bus service operated by the Southeast Tennessee Human Resource Agency (SETHRA) that operates within the city limits of Cleveland and select parts of Bradley County.[73] The city operates on five fixed routes.[29] A Greyhound bus station is located on Paul Huff Parkway just off of I-75 exit 27.

Public safety

The Cleveland Fire Department is an all-paid professional department. It currently consists of more than 90 highly trained personnel and 5 stations, and serves an estimated 67,000 people. The current chief is Ron Harrison.[74] The Cleveland Police department currently has more than 90 Certified Police Officers, two Codes Enforcement Officers and 11 full-time civilian employees, along with one part-time civilian employee, 13 School Crossing Guards and eight Animal Control employees. They also maintain a Volunteer Program consisting of a 15-member Public Service Unit and a nine-member Chaplain Unit. The Chief of Police is Mark Gibson.[75]

Healthcare

Cleveland's two hospitals are Bradley Memorial Hospital and Cleveland Community Hospital.[76] Since 2015, both have been operated by Tennova Healthcare.[77] Bradley Healthcare & Rehabilitation Center is a nursing home that serves the county. Bradley County Emergency Medical Services is an emergency medical service (EMS) agency of the county government established in 1972 and consists of three stations, eleven ambulances, and six ancillary vehicles, along with more than 60 full-time employees and more than 25 part-time employees.[78]

Utilities

Cleveland Utilities is the major department which provides services to Cleveland residents. They provide electric, water, and sewage services. Other providers include Ocoee Utility District and Volunteer Energy Cooperative.[29]

Public works

The Public Works Department performs the most varied actions of all the city departments. It has more than employees. The department is responsible for the city’s fleet operation, sign maintenance and design, and street markings. The current director is Tommy Myers.[79]

Notable people


Sister Cities

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 " Goodspeed's History of Bradley County, Tennessee," originally published in 1887. Transcribed for web content and maintained by TNGenWeb - Bradley County. Retrieved: 30 December 2007.
  2. ↑ Tennessee Blue Book, 2005–2006, pp. 618-625.
  3. 1 2 3 Siniard, Tim (September 11, 2018). "Kevin Brooks Sworn in as New Cleveland Mayor". Cleveland Daily Banner.
  4. ↑ "Cleveland, TN - Official Website - Office of the City Manager". www.clevelandtn.gov.
  5. 1 2 "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  6. ↑ "Cleveland, Tennessee (TN) Zip Code Map - Locations, Demographics - list of zip codes". www.city-data.com.
  7. 1 2 "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2013-09-11. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  8. ↑ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
  9. 1 2 "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Cleveland city, Tennessee". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved April 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  11. 1 2 "Welcome to Cleveland, Tennessee!". clevelandtn.gov. 2 November 2012. Archived from the original on 5 August 2013. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  12. ↑ "Cleveland, Tennessee". citiesofpromise.com. 21 September 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2017.
  13. 1 2 3 William Snell, "Cleveland," An Encyclopedia of East Tennessee (Children's Museum of Oak Ridge, 1981), pp. 108-111.
  14. ↑ Temple, Article Perry (1899). East Tennessee and the Civil War. R. Clarke Company. pp. 370–406.
  15. ↑ "Tennessee Civil War Trails Program," 9 June 2011, pp. 1-2. Accessed: 12 March 2015.
  16. 1 2 3 Google (7 November 2017). "Overview of Cleveland, Tennessee" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
  17. 1 2 3 Cleveland Chamber of Commerce (2013). City Limits Map (Map). Scale not given. Cleveland, TN: Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved July 7, 2014.
  18. 1 2 3 4 5 East Cleveland, Tennessee (Map). US Geological Survey. 1976. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
  19. 1 2 3 4 South Cleveland, Tennessee (Map). US Geological Survey. 1965. Retrieved November 12, 2017.
  20. ↑ "US Geological Survey" (Map). Chattanooga. 1:250,000. United States Geological Survey. 1972. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
  21. ↑ USGS Waterdata - 1954
  22. ↑ Service, US Department of Commerce, NOAA, National Weather. "Morristown, TN". www.srh.noaa.gov.
  23. ↑ "Cleveland, TN (37323) Monthly Weather Forecast - weather.com".
  24. ↑ "Cleveland, Tennessee Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)". Weatherbase.
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  28. ↑ Murray, William H. Jeynes ; foreword by William J. (2009). A call for character education and prayer in the schools. Santa Barbara, Calif.: Praeger. pp. 122–123. ISBN 031335104X. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 "Our Hometown 2017". Cleveland Daily Banner. September 9, 2017. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  30. ↑ Kazek, Kelly (2011). Forgotten Tales of Tennessee. Stroud UK: The History Press. ISBN 978.1.60949.156.7.
  31. ↑ Moran, Mark and Sceurman, Mark (2005). Weird U.S.: Your Travel Guide to America’s Local Legends and Best Kept Secrets. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. ISBN 978.0.7607.5043.8.
  32. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2006-03-23. Retrieved 2005-12-29. Cleveland Chamber of Commerce
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  34. ↑ Hill, Fletcher (14 June 2011). "Hardwick Clothes: The History". Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  35. ↑ Graves, Brian (February 10, 2016). "Bradley Square Mall turns 25". Cleveland Daily Banner. November 3, 2017.
  36. ↑ "Museum Center At 5ive Points". Americanheritage.com. American Heritage. Retrieved March 31, 2014.
  37. ↑ Goad, Richard (3 October 2014). "27th Block Party nears". Cleveland Daily Banner. Cleveland, TN. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  38. ↑ Rowland, Tom (December 2015). "The Mayor's Thoughts". Clevelandtn.gov. Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
  39. ↑ "'Tall Betsy' returning to life in documentary". Cleveland Daily Banner. Cleveland, TN. 30 September 2011. Archived from the original on 18 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  40. ↑ Bell, Caleb; Bentley, Brianna (16 October 2013). "The Spooky Southeast: Tall tales of Cleveland and Chattanooga". Lee Clarion. Cleveland, TN. Archived from the original on 13 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2014.
  41. ↑ "Cleveland Apple Festival". clevelandapplefestival.org. Cleveland Apple Festival. 2014. Retrieved 10 January 2014.
  42. ↑ "History of Cleveland". clevelandtn.gov. Cleveland Chamber of Commerce. 2017. Retrieved November 19, 2017. John Phillip Sousa first introduced the song “The Diplomat” at the Craigmiles Opera House in Cleveland, TN in 1906. Since that time it has been the City song.
  43. ↑ Bowers, Larry C. (August 19, 2017). "City's 175th birthday celebration set Nov. 5". Cleveland Daily Banner. Retrieved November 2, 2017.
  44. ↑ Vartabedian, Ralph (February 16, 2000). "Odometer Fraud Is Alive and Well in Digital Age". Retrieved October 16, 2017.
  45. ↑ "Tennessee Mayor Hits "60 Minutes"". The Tennessean. Nashville, Tennessee. December 3, 1983.
  46. ↑ Greenfield, Steven (August 1, 2017). "Investigative Reporting in Cleveland". Chattanoogan. Chattanooga, TN. Retrieved October 16, 2017.
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  52. ↑ "Congressman Chuck Fleischmann". United States House of Representatives. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
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  54. ↑ Tennessee General Assembly (2017). State House District 22 (PDF) (Map). Nashville: Tennessee General Assembly. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
  55. ↑ Tennessee General Assembly (2017). State Senate District 9 (PDF) (Map). Nashville: Tennessee General Assembly. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
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  58. ↑ Cleveland high school's winning streak starters enjoy 20th anniversary Stephen Hargis Chattanooga Times Free Press Sept. 6, 2013
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  61. ↑ "Wrestling center gets funding for addition". Cleveland Daily Banner. 17 March 2014. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  62. ↑ "Cleveland three-peats again in state wrestling". Chattanooga Times Free Press. 15 February 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  63. ↑ City Council Honors CHS as State Wrestling Champions Archived 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine., Cleveland Daily Banner, Feb. 27, 2013.
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  82. ↑ "Athens Area Council for the Arts Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine.." Retrieved: 23 April 2008.
  83. ↑ Stewart Lillard, "Introduction," Down the Tennessee: The Mexican War Reminisciences of an East Tennessee Volunteer (Loftin and Company, 1997), pp. vii-viii.
  84. ↑ "American Bandmasters - David Holsinger Archived 2008-09-25 at the Wayback Machine.." Retrieved: 23 April 2008.
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  92. ↑ Randall Higgins, "Cleveland, Tenn., Is Now Sister City To... Phnom Penh?" Chattanooga Times Free Press, 24 July 2012.
  • City of Cleveland official website
  • Cleveland/Bradley Chamber of Commerce official website
  •  "Cleveland, a city of Tennessee". Collier's New Encyclopedia. 1921.
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