Al-Muzayri'a

al-Muzayri'a
Roman mausoleum, converted into a mosque, dedicated to the prophet al-Nabi Yahya ("the Prophet John").
al-Muzayri'a
Arabic المُزيرعة
Name meaning El Mezeirảh, The sown lands[1]
Also spelled al-Muzeiri'a
Subdistrict Ramle
Coordinates 32°02′57″N 34°56′58″E / 32.04917°N 34.94944°E / 32.04917; 34.94944Coordinates: 32°02′57″N 34°56′58″E / 32.04917°N 34.94944°E / 32.04917; 34.94944
Palestine grid 145/161
Population 1,160[2][3] (1945)
Area 10,822[2] dunams
Date of depopulation 12 July 1948[4]
Cause(s) of depopulation Military assault by Yishuv forces
Current localities Mazor[5][6] Nechalim[6] El'ad[7]

Al-Muzayri'a (Arabic: المُزيرعة‎) was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict. It was depopulated in 1948.

Location

Al-Muzayri'a was located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) north-northeast of al-Ramla, on limestone hill, overlooking the coastal plain. A wadi ran along its southern part, and separated it from the village of Qula. The village was about 1 km east of the al-Ramla-Haifa railway line. It was also located to the east of the al-Ramla-Jaffa highway.[6]

History

The location has a long history of habitation. A Roman mausoleum, still standing, (about 1 km south of the village site) was converted into a mosque dedicated to a prophet, al-Nabi Yahya ("the Prophet John"). About 1 km northeast of the village was Khirbat Zikhrin, a Roman-Byzantine site that was inhabited during Mamluk and Ottoman periods. The place has been excavated since 1982.[6]

Ottoman era

In 1596, Al-Muzayri'a was part of the Ottoman Empire, nahiya (subdistrict) of Jabel Qubal under the liwa' (district) of Nablus with a population of 7 Muslim households; an estimated population of thirty-nine. The villagers paid a fixed tax rate of 33,3% on a number of crops, including wheat, barley, and olives, as well as goats, and beehives; a total of 1,300 akçe.[8]

The village was possibly abandoned during the 17th century, only to be reoccupied in the 18th century by a family from Dayr Ghassana, named al-Rumayh.[6]

In 1838 el Muzeiri’ah was among the villages Edward Robinson noted from the top of the White Mosque, Ramla,[9] while A. Mansell mentioned passing the village in the early 1860s.[10]

In 1870 Victor Guérin described the village as sitting on a stony hill, he noted that its houses appeared small.[11] An Ottoman village list of about the same year showed that “Mezari” had 68 houses and a population of 234, though the population count included men, only. It also noted “a very old temple”.[12][13]

In 1882, the Palestine Exploration Fund's Survey of Western Palestine described it as "an adobe village on the edge of the hills, near Qula."[14]

British Mandate era

Mihrab, pointing towards Mecca, in the Roman Mausoleum

In the 1922 census of Palestine, conducted by the British Mandate authorities, Muzaira'a had a population of 578, all Muslims,[15] increasing in the 1931 census to 780, still all Muslims, in a total of 186 houses.[16]

In 1919, a school for boys was founded in the village. By 1945, it had become a full-fledged elementary school, with 207 students, including children of the neighboring villages. 35 dunums of land was attached to the school. A school for girls was founded in 1945, and had an initial enrollment of 78 students.[6]

In the 1945 statistics, the village had a population of 1,160, all Muslim,[3] and the total land area was 10,822 dunams.[2] A total of 953 dunums of village land was used for citrus and bananas, 5,895 dunums were used for cereals, 35 dunums were irrigated or used for orchards,[6][17] while 25 dunams were classified as built-up urban areas.[18]

1948 and aftermath

Al-Muzayri'a was located in the territory allotted to the Arab state under the 1947 UN Partition Plan.[19] Al-Muzayri was depopulated on 12 July 1948, after Military assault by Israeli forces.[4]

The Israeli moshav of Nehalim was founded in 1949 on the northwestern part of former village land. The moshav of Mazor was founded the same year on the western part of former village land.[6]

The Palestinian historian Walid Khalidi, described the place in 1992: "The site is largely forested. While a few houses remain, most have been reduced to rubble. Cacti and stone terraces are visible on the site."[6]

See also

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Palmer, 1881, p. 239
  2. 1 2 3 Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 67
  3. 1 2 Department of Statistics, p. 30
  4. 1 2 Morris, 2004, p. xviii, village 210
  5. ↑ Morris, 2004, p xxii, settlement # 98
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Khalidi, 1992, p. 399
  7. ↑ Jakoel, 2017, Elʽad
  8. ↑ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p. 136. Quoted in Khalidi, 1992, p. 399
  9. ↑ Robinson and Smith, 1841, vol. 3, p. 30
  10. ↑ Mansell, 1863, p.39. Cited in Khalidi, 1992, p.399
  11. ↑ Guérin, 1875, p. 390
  12. ↑ Socin, 1879, p. 157
  13. ↑ Hartmann, 1883, p. 138, noted 67 houses
  14. ↑ Conder and Kitchener, 1882, SWP II, p. 297
  15. ↑ Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Ramleh, p. 22
  16. ↑ Mills, 1932, p. 22.
  17. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 116
  18. ↑ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 166
  19. ↑ "Map of UN Partition Plan". United Nations. Archived from the original on 7 August 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-06.

Bibliography

  • ‘Ad, Uzi (2008-10-05). "El'ad (Mazor) Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
  • Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1882). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. 2. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Dagan, Yehuda (2006-08-02). "Mazor (East) Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
  • Guérin, V. (1875). Description Géographique Historique et Archéologique de la Palestine (in French). 2: Samarie, pt. 2. Paris: L'Imprimerie Nationale.
  • Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Center.
  • Hillel, Gili (2008-12-04). "Mazor (El'ad) Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Hartmann, M. (1883). "Die Ortschaftenliste des Liwa Jerusalem in dem türkischen Staatskalender für Syrien auf das Jahr 1288 der Flucht (1871)". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 6: 102–149.
  • Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter; Abdulfattah, Kamal (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
  • Jakoel, Eriola (2017-05-09). "Elʽad" (129). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Kanias, Tzach (2008-04-02). "Mazor, East Final Report" (120). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
  • Mansell, A. L. (1863): "A Surveying Trip through the Holy Land." The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle. January Issue:36-40. Cited in Khalidi, 1992.
  • Milevski, Ianir (2007-08-16). "Mazor Final Report" (119). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. (“c. 180 m west of the mausoleum and east of the hill where a Muslim cemetery is located”)
  • Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
  • Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
  • Nagorsky, Alla (2006-08-02). "Mazor Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.
  • Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
  • Robinson, E.; Smith, E. (1841). Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the year 1838. 3. Boston: Crocker & Brewster.
  • Socin, A. (1879). "Alphabetisches Verzeichniss von Ortschaften des Paschalik Jerusalem". Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins. 2: 135–163.
  • Taxel, Itamar (2006-11-15). "Mazor Final Report" (118). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel.

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