Brighton and Hove

Brighton and Hove City of Brighton and Hove
City and unitary authority
Brighton and Hove shown within East Sussex and England
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Coordinates: 50°49′40″N 0°09′10″W / 50.82778°N 0.15278°W / 50.82778; -0.15278Coordinates: 50°49′40″N 0°09′10″W / 50.82778°N 0.15278°W / 50.82778; -0.15278
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Constituent country	England
Region	South East England
Historic county	Sussex
Ceremonial county	East Sussex
Administrative seat	Hove
Established	1 April 1997
City status	31 January 2001
Government
• Type	Unitary authority
• Body	Brighton and Hove City Council
• Governance	Committee system
• Executive	NOC (Labour administration)
• Leader	Warren Morgan
• MPs	Peter Kyle (L) Caroline Lucas (G) Lloyd Russell-Moyle (L)
Area
• City and unitary authority	33.80 sq mi (82.79 km2)
• Urban	34.5 sq mi (89.4 km2)
Area rank	234th
Population (mid-2017 est.)
• City and unitary authority	288,200
• Rank	42nd
• Density	9,000/sq mi (3,480/km2)
• Urban	474,485 (15th)
• Urban density	13,740/sq mi (5,304/km2)
• Metro	769,000 (15th)
• Ethnicity (2011 Census)	80.5% White British 8.5% Other White 3.7% Mixed Race 3% Asian 1.5% Black 1.1% Chinese 0.8% Arab 2.1% Other
Time zone	UTC (Greenwich Mean Time)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+1 (British Summer Time)
Postcode areas	BN (1, 2, 3, 41)
ONS code	00ML (ONS) E06000043 (GSS)
ISO 3166-2	GB-BNH
Website	www.brighton-hove.gov.uk

Brighton and Hove (/ˈbraɪtən ... ˈhoʊv/) is a city in East Sussex, in South East England. The towns of Brighton and Hove formed a unitary authority in 1997 and in 2001 were granted city status by Queen Elizabeth II. "Brighton" is often referred to synonymously with the official "Brighton and Hove" although many locals still consider the two to be separate towns. At the 2011 census, the city was England's most populous seaside resort, with a population of 273,400.

History

Brighton Town Hall

Brighton and Hove is the result of a number of historic local government reorganisations:

• Brighton was incorporated as a municipal borough in 1854, later becoming a county borough under the Local Government Act 1888; it covered the parish of Brighton and part of Preston;
• Hove became a local board of health in the late 19th century, originally covering the parish of Hove;
• In 1893 the parish of Aldrington was added to Hove local board;
• Hove became incorporated as a municipal borough in 1898;
• Hangleton, Preston Rural and West Blatchington were added to Hove in 1928;
• Ovingdean, Patcham and Rottingdean were added to Brighton in 1928;
• Portslade-by-Sea was added to Hove in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972. Both Brighton and Hove became non-metropolitan districts of East Sussex.
• On 15 October 2004, Brighton and Hove was granted Fairtrade City status.

City Council

Census

The first census of Brighton was in 1801.

The resident population of Brighton and Hove at the 2011 census was 273,369 persons, 50% male and 50% female.^[7]

The 2011 census found the ethnic composition of Brighton and Hove to be 89.1% white (80.5% white British, 1.4% white Irish, 7.1% other white), 4.1% Asian (1.1% Chinese, 1.1% Indian, 0.5% Bangladeshi, 1.2% other Asian), 3.8% mixed race (1.5% mixed black/white, 1.2% mixed white/Asian, 1.0% other mix), 1.5% black and 0.8% Arab.^[8]

The 2011 census found the religious composition to be 42.90% Christian, 42.42% nonreligious, 2.23% Muslim, 1.00% Buddhist, 0.98% Jewish. 1.66% were adherents of some other religion, while 8.81% did not state their religion.^[8]

In the 2001 census, Brighton and Hove had the highest percentage of citizens indicating their religion as Jedi among all principal areas of England and Wales.^[9]

Wording of the Letters Patent

The Letters Patent of 2001 that confers City status is worded thus:

ELIZABETH the SECOND BY THE GRACE OF GOD OF THE UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND & OF OUR REALMS & TERRITORIES QUEEN HEAD OF THE COMMONWEALTH DEFENDER OF THE FAITH.

To all whom these Presents shall come Greeting. Whereas We for divers good causes and considerations Us thereunto moving are graciously pleased to confer on the Towns of Brighton and Hove the status of a city. Now Therefore Know Ye that We of Our especial grace and favour and mere motion do by these Presents ordain declare and direct that the TOWNS OF BRIGHTON AND HOVE shall henceforth have the status of a CITY and shall have all such rank liberties privileges and immunities as are incident to a City. In witness whereof We have caused Our Letters to be made Patent Witness Ourself at Westminster the thirty first day of January in the forty ninth year of our reign.

By Warrant under The Queens Sign Manual.^[10]

Economy and demography

The economy of the city is service-based with a strong emphasis on creative, digital and electronic technologies. Tourism and entertainment are important sectors for the City, which has many hotels and amusements, as well as Brighton Pier and Shoreham/Portslade Harbour.

The United Kingdom Census 2011 showed a substantial fall in the proportion of the population claiming Jobseeker's Allowance or Income Support, from 10.1% of the resident population in 2001, to 4.5% of the resident population in 2011.^[11]

See also

• Healthcare in Sussex

References

External links

• "Brighton & Hove City Council". Retrieved 20 August 2007.