音

音 U+97F3, 音
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97F3
← 韲
[U+97F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 韴 →
[U+97F4]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

音 (radical 180, 音+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日 (YTA), four-corner 00601, composition ⿱立日 or ⿱亠𣅑)

  1. Kangxi radical #180, ⾳.

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 1396, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43265
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1912, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4495, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+97F3

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 音

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 音
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (音) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
諳 *qɯːm
腤 *qɯːm
嬜 *qɯːm, *qʰaːm, *qʰrɯm
喑 *qɯːm, *qrɯm, *qrɯms
揞 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯːms
隌 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯm
罯 *qɯːmʔ, *qɯːb
暗 *qɯːms
闇 *qɯːms
黯 *qrɯːm, *qrɯːmʔ
歆 *qʰrɯm
愔 *qɯm
韾 *qɯm
音 *qrɯm
瘖 *qrɯm
窨 *qrɯms
湆 *kʰrɯb

Ideogram (指事) : 言 (“word”) with something in 口 (“mouth”) – sound comes from the mouth.

Pronunciation
Note: ing1 - Chenghai.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 音
Mandarin Beijing /in⁵⁵/
Harbin /in⁴⁴/
Tianjin /in²¹/
Jinan /iẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /iə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /in²⁴/
Xi'an /iẽ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /in¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /im⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /im²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐm⁵³/
Nanning /jɐm⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐm⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /im⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /im³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /im²³/
Rime
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 於金切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ʔˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ʔᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ʔiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ʔjim/
Li
Rong		 /ʔjəm/
Wang
Li		 /ĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ʔi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yīn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yīn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ʔim ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[q](r)əm/
English sound, tone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
No. 15223
Phonetic
component		 音
Rime
group		 侵
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 音
Old
Chinese		 /*qrɯm/

Definitions

音

  1. sound; voice; tone
    ⇒ 聲
  2. news; tidings
  3. (music) pitch; note
  4. (phonetics) pronunciation; syllable
    京音  ―  jīngyīn  ―  Beijing pronunciation
    潮音  ―  cháoyīn  ―  Teochew pronunciation
    中古音  ―  zhōnggǔyīn  ―  Middle Chinese pronunciation
    方音  ―  fāngyīn  ―  dialectal pronunciation
    陽江音 / 阳江音  ―  Yángjiāng yīn  ―  Yangjiang pronunciation

Compounds
Derived terms from 音

Japanese

Kanji
音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. sound
  2. timbre
  3. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
  4. speech (phonetics)
  5. Short for 字音 (jion): Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  6. news, tidings

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
音
おん
Grade: 1
on’yomi

*/ʔiəm/ → /əmʉ/ → /omʉ/ → /oɴ/

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC ʔˠiɪm).

Pronunciation

Noun

音 (hiragana おん, rōmaji on)

  1. sound
  2. (linguistics) speech sound
  3. Short for 音読み (on'yomi): the Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  4. (by extension) reading of a Chinese character outside the Japanese language; rime
  5. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
音
おと
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨oto2⟩ → */otə/ → /oto/

From Old Japanese.

Ultimately from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation

Noun

音 (hiragana おと, rōmaji oto)

  1. a sound
    音 (おと)を漏 (も)らす
    oto o morasu
    to let out a sound
  2. when used with a "hear" verb, a rumor or fame (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  3. news, tidings
  4. a reply, response
Usage notes

Oto is used for loud sounds and voices, as opposed to ne (see below).

Derived terms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
音
と
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨to2⟩ → */tə/ → /to/

Shift from oto above, with the initial o being dropped.

The drop is likely due to haplology with the possessive particle の (no).

Noun

音 (hiragana と, rōmaji to)

  1. sound; echo; voice
    • c. 759, Man'yōshū (book 14, poem 3453), text here
      可 (か)是 (ぜ)能 (の)等 (と)能 (の)登 (と)抱 (ほ)吉 (き)和 (わ)伎 (ぎ)母 (も)賀 (が)吉 (き)西 (せ)斯 (し)伎 (き)奴 (ぬ)多 (た)母 (も)登 (と)乃 (の)久 (く)太 (だ)利 (り)麻 (ま)欲 (よ)比 (ひ)伎 (き)尓 (に)家 (け)利 (り) [Man'yōgana]
      風 (かぜ)の音 (と)の遠 (とほ)き我妹 (わぎも)が着 (き)せし衣 (きぬ)手 (た)本 (もと)のくだりまよひ来 (き)にけり [Modern spelling]
      kaze no to no tōki wagimo ga kiseshi-kinu tamoto no kudari, mayoi-ki ni keri
      My dear wife, far away (as the sound of the wind), some threads of the sleeves of the kimono you made me wear have come to be worn and chafed![4]
Derived terms
  • 風 (かぜ)の音 (と)の (kaze no to no, pillow word)

Etymology 4
Kanji in this term
音
ね
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

音 (hiragana ね, rōmaji ne)

  1. a sound, voice
  2. the cry of an animal
Usage notes

Ne is used for relatively soft sounds and voices that appeals to human emotions, as opposed to oto (see above).

Derived terms

Etymology 5
Kanji in this term
音
いん
Grade: 1
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC ʔˠiɪm).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

Affix

音 (hiragana いん, rōmaji in)

  1. (uncommon) Alternative form of 音 (on)
    1. sound
      • 子 (し)音 (いん)、母 (ぼ)音 (いん) ― shiin, boin ― (also shion, boon) consonant; vowel
    2. news; tidings; word
      • 音 (いん)信 (しん) ― inshin ― (also onshin) message, news

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 1974, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Second Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  4. Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1964) The Makura-Kotoba of the Manyôśû, Leiden: Brill Archive, page 54

Korean

Hanja

音 • (eum) (hangeul 음)

  1. (소리 음, sori-): sound
  2. (소식 음, sosig-): news
  3. (말 음, mal-): speech
  4. (음 음, eum-): pronunciation
    • 訓之對 文字讀聲 (훈지대 문자독성, hunjidae munjadokseong) the complement of the hun (hence) the sound reading a (Chinese) character.

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms

Kunigami

Kanji

音

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɸutˀuː/

Noun

音 (hiragana ふとﾟぅー, romaji futuu)

  1. sound

Okinawan

Kanji

音

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʔutu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, romaji utu)

  1. sound

Vietnamese

Han character

音 (âm, ậm, ơm)

  1. sound; noise

Compounds

Usage notes
  • Chữ Nôm. The modern Vietnamese equivalent is âm.

References

Yaeyama

Kanji

音

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ʔutu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, romaji utu)

  1. sound

Yonaguni

Kanji

音

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /utu/

Noun

音 (hiragana うとぅ, romaji utu)

  1. sound
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