酒
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Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
酒 (radical 164, 酉+3, 10 strokes, cangjie input 水一金田 (EMCW), four-corner 31160, composition ⿰氵酉)
References
- KangXi: page 1281, character 3
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39776
- Dae Jaweon: page 1779, character 10
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3574, character 2
- Unihan data for U+9152
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
酒 | |
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variant forms | 氿 second round simplified |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (酉) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
楢 | *kʰjuʔ, *lu |
逎 | *ʔslu |
遒 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
蝤 | *sklu, *sɡlu |
揂 | *sklu |
酒 | *ʔsluʔ |
媨 | *sklus |
鞧 | *skʰlu |
緧 | *skʰlu |
趥 | *skʰlu, *skʰluŋs |
酋 | *sɡlu |
崷 | *sɡlu |
鰌 | *sɡlu |
煪 | *sɡlu |
醜 | *l̥ʰjuʔ |
猶 | *klus, *lu, *lus |
猷 | *lu |
輶 | *lu, *luʔ, *lus |
偤 | *lu |
莤 | *lu, *sruɡ |
蕕 | *lu |
庮 | *lu, *luʔ |
槱 | *luʔ, *lus |
梄 | *luʔ |
丣 | *luʔ |
酉 | *luʔ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsluʔ) : semantic 氵 (“water, liquid”) + phonetic 酉 (OC *luʔ, “an alcoholic drink vessel”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
酒
Compounds
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Further reading
- “Entry #6811”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
- 梅酒 (umesake): plum wine
- 赤葡萄酒 (akabudōshu): red wine, alternative form of 赤ワイン (akawain)
- 悪酒 (akushu), 悪酒 (waruzake)
- 朝酒 (asazake): drinking in the morning
- 甘酒 (amazake)
- 居酒屋 (izakaya)
- 飲酒 (inshu)
- 飲酒運転 (inshu unten): drunk driving
- 飲酒家 (inshuka): a person have a habit to drink
- 飲酒癖 (inshuheki): drinking habit(the person cannot stop it easily)
- 笑酒 (egushi)
- 梅酒 (umeshu)
- 大酒 (ōzake): much of alcohol
- 大酒飲み (ōzakenomi): heavy drinker
- お神酒, 御神酒 (omiki): sacred sake
- 卸酒販 (oroshishuhan): sake trader for the liquor shop
- 佳酒 (kashu)
- 火酒 (kashu)
- 燗酒 (kanzake): hot sake
- 願酒 (ganshu)
- 生酒 (kizake)
- 禁酒 (kinshu): drinking prohibition
- 禁酒法 (kinshuhō): alcohol prohibition law
- 黒酒 (kuroki)
- 葷酒 (kunshu)
- 古酒 (koshu): aged alcohol
- 酒蔵 (sakagura)
- 酒代 (sakadai): charge for liquors
- 酒断ち (sakadachi)
- 酒店 (sakadana)
- 酒樽 (sakadaru)
- 酒造り (sakazukuri)
- 酒手 (sakate)
- 酒場 (sakaba)
- 酒浸り (sakabitari)
- 酒店 (sakamise)
- 酒盛り (sakamori)
- 酒屋 (sakaya)
- 酒焼け (sakayake)
- 酒糟 (sakekasu)
- 酒粕 (sakekasu)
- 酒臭い (sakekusai)
- 酒癖 (sakeguse)
- 酒肴 (sakesakana)
- 酒好き (sakezuki)
- 酒造り (sakezukuri)
- 酒店 (saketen): liquor store
- 酒処 (sakedokoro)
- 酒飲み (sakenomi): drinker
- 酒呑 (sakenomi): drinker
- 酒呑み (sakenomi)
- 酒浸り (sakebitari)
- 酒太り (sakebutori): beer gut
- 酒宴 (shuen): alcoholic party
- 酒家 (shuka)
- 酒客 (shukaku)
- 酒器 (shuki)
- 酒気 (shuki)
- 酒興 (shukyō)
- 酒肴 (shukō)
- 酒豪 (shugō)
- 酒色 (shushoku)
- 酒精 (shusei): spiritus
- 酒席 (shuseki)
- 酒石酸 (shusekisan)
- 酒仙 (shusen)
- 酒税 (shuzei): alcohol tax
- 酒造 (shuzou): sake brewing
- 酒造家 (shuzōka): distiller, sake brewer
- 酒造業 (shuzōgyō): brewing industry
- 酒造場 (shuzōjō): sake winery
- 酒池肉林 (shuchinikurin)
- 酒店 (shuten): liquor shop
- 酒徒 (shuto)
- 酒毒 (shudoku)
- 酒杯 (shuhai)
- 酒販 (shuhan): liquor retailing
- 酒癖 (shuheki): drinking habit
- 酒保 (shuho)
- 酒名 (shumei)
- 酒乱 (shuran)
- 酒量 (shuryō): amount of sake
- 酒類 (shurui): alcoholic beverages
- 果実酒 (kajitsushu)
- 聞き酒, 利き酒 (kikizake): sake tasting
- 旨酒 (shishu)
- 混合酒 (kongōshu): mixed drink
- 混成酒 (konseishu): mixed liqueur
- 合成酒 (gōseishu)
- 食前酒 (shokuzenshu): appetizer
- 白葡萄酒 (shirobudōshu), 白酒 (shirozake): white wine
- 新酒 (shinshu): green wine
- 神酒 (shinshu): libation
- 地酒 (jizake): locally-brewed sake, microbrew
- 純米酒 (junmaishu)
- 上酒 (jōshu)
- 醸造酒 (jōzōshu): brewed beverage, fermented liquor
- 蒸留酒 (jōryūshu): distilled liquor, spirit
- 清酒 (seishu): refined sake
- 節酒 (sesshu)
- 粗酒 (soshu)
- 造酒 (zōshu)
- 卵酒 (tamagozake)
- 濁酒 (dakushu)
- 茶屋酒 (chayazake)
- 作り酒屋 (tsukurizakaya)
- 造り酒屋 (tsukurizakaya)
- 斗酒 (toshu)
- 毒酒 (dokushu): poisoned alcohol
- 濁酒 (doburoku)
- 寝酒 (nezake): nightcap
- 冷酒 (hiyazake): chilled alcohol
- 美酒 (bishu): tasteful liours
- 深酒 (fukazake): heavy drinking
- 御酒, 神酒 (miki): sacred sake
- 銘酒 (meishu): choice sake
- 銘酒屋 (meishuya)
- 麦酒 (bīru), 麦酒 (bakushu)
- 特級酒 (tokkyūshu)
- 濁り酒 (nigorizake): Japanese sake
- 日本酒 (nihonshu)
- 梯子酒 (hashigozake)
- 冷や酒 (hiyazake)
- 振舞い酒 (furumaizake)
- 葡萄酒, ぶどう酒 (budōshu): wine
- 密造酒 (mitsuzōshu): moonshine, illegal alcohol
- 迎え酒 (mukaezake): hair of the dog
- 薬酒 (yakushu)
- 薬用酒 (yakuyōshu): medicated alcohol
- 自棄酒 (yakezake): drinking to forget
- 安酒場 (yasusakaba): barrelhouse
- 安酒 (yasuzake): cheap alcohol
- 雪見酒 (yukimizake): drinking sake viewing snow-falling
- 洋酒 (yōshu): European liquors
- ラム酒 (ramushu): rum
- 乱酒 (ranshu)
- 緑酒 (ryokushu)
- 林檎酒 (ringoshu): cider
- 冷酒 (reishu): chilled liquor
- ロ酒 (roshu): vodka
- 老酒 (rōshu): Chinese fermented liquor
- シェリー酒 (sherīshu)
- 三鞭酒 (shanpan): champagne
- 発泡酒 (happōshu): low-malt beer
- 雑酒 (zasshu)
Etymology 1
Originally /ki1/. Likely realized as [ki] (see Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai).
Noun
- sake
- 720: Nihon Shoki, volume 32 (Kodai Kayōshū, page 61)
- 許能美岐波和賀美岐那良受久志能加美登許余迩伊麻須伊波多多須須久那美迦微能加牟菩岐本岐玖流本斯登余本岐本岐母登本斯麻都理許斯美岐叙阿佐受袁勢佐佐
- 720: Nihon Shoki, volume 32 (Kodai Kayōshū, page 61)
Etymology 2
Cognate with obsolete 奇し (kushi, “strange, wondrous, miraculous”), which is also the root for 薬 (kusuri, “medicine”).[1][2]
Noun
- sake, rice wine
- 720: Nihon Shoki, volume 32 (Kodai Kayōshū, page 61)
- 許能美岐波和賀美岐那良受久志能加美登許余迩伊麻須伊波多多須須久那美迦微能加牟菩岐本岐玖流本斯登余本岐本岐母登本斯麻都理許斯美岐叙阿佐受袁勢佐佐
- 720: Nihon Shoki, volume 32 (Kodai Kayōshū, page 61)
Derived terms
- 笑酒, 咲酒 (egushi): rice wine or other alcohol that makes one smile and become happy
Etymology 3
/sake2/}} → [sakəj] → [sake]
Various theories exist. Possible connection with 栄え (sakae), the stem of verb 栄える (sakaeru, “to thrive, to flourish”).[2][3]
Noun
Derived terms
- お酒 (osake): Japanese rice wine
Etymology 4
Bound form of /sake/ above, only used as a prefix before other nouns. In older forms of Japanese, could also be used to prefix verbs.[1][6]
Etymology 5
Originally a 女房詞 (nyōbō kotoba, “women's word”). Possibly derived from reduplication of the first syllable sa from sake. Alternately, may be derived by metaphor from the Chinese-derived euphemism for sake, 竹葉 (chikuyō, literally, "bamboo leaves"), as 笹 (sasa) refers to a type of short, leafy bamboo.[7]
See also
References
- Kokugo Dai Jiten Dictionary (in Japanese), Revised edition edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 1988: “(「奇(く)し」で、霊妙なものの意からか)酒の異称”
- “酒”, in (Please provide the title of the work) (in Japanese), Lookvise, Inc., 2003, retrieved 2012-06-07
- Sugama, Seinosuke (1988) Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, "酒" article (in Japanese), Tokyo: Heibonsha
- 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
- 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- Akira Matsumura, editor (1998) Digital Daijirin (in Japanese), Tokyo: Shogakukan, ISBN 4095012129
- Akira Matsumura, editor (2006) Daijirin (in Japanese), 3rd edition edition, Tokyo: Sanseido, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
- Tsuchihashi, Yutaka; Jin'ichi Konishi, Ichinosuke Takagi (1957) Kodai Kayōshū, Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, ISBN 4-00-060003-6
Korean
Hanja
酒 • (ju) (hangeul 주)
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Vietnamese
Han character
酒 (tửu)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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