-i

From the Arabic nisba suffix ـِيّ‎ (-iyy). In English productive from the 19th century.

-i

1. Used to form adjectives and nouns describing people of a particular city, region, or country, and the language spoken by these people.

   Iraq → Iraqi, Israel → Israeli, Pakistan → Pakistani, Bengal → Bengali, Nepal → Nepali, Desh → Desi, Hyderabad → Hyderabadi

• -stan

• OED, s.v. "-i, suffix²".

From Latin -ī, the plural ending of the Latin second declension, whence the plural of Italian nouns in -o and -e.

-i

1. used to indicate a plural form of some words of Latin or Italian origin, such as fungi, virtuosi or concerti

• OED, s.v. "-i, suffix¹".

-i

1. added to intransitive verbs to make them transitive
2. (added to transitive verbs) him, her, it (third person singular indirect object)

• In Chuukese, transitive verbs in their base form already have the third person singular indirect object implied on them, although the suffix -i can be added for emphasis.

Perhaps from Latin deponent verbs such as loquī (“to speak”).

-i

1. verbal inflection marking the infinitive

Common to English e (pronounced [i]) in me, she, he, we and the Italian accusative pronouns mi, ti, vi, li, si.

-i

1. common vowel of personal pronouns: mi, ni, ci, vi, li, ŝi, ĝi, oni, ili, si.

From Proto-Finnic *-in.

-i

1. Forms nouns from verbs, indicating instruments (tools) are used to perform that verb's action.

Or less commonly:

From the fusion of Proto-Uralic *-j with a stem vowel. Originally allomorphic with -o.

-i

1. A nominal suffix used in eg. syle- (“fathom”) → syli (“bosom”), ukko (“man”) → ukki (“grandfather”).
2. (archaic) Used to mark the first part of a compound word, e.g. lehmä (“cow”) → lehmi-.

• -kki
• -ri

-i

1. Derives a number of adverbs of generally lative or locative meaning, e.g. aukea- (“to open”) → auki (“open”), ylä- (“upper, high”) → yli (“over”).

• -lti
• -sti
• -ti

• IPA^(key): [i]

-i

1. suffix sometimes used to create a diminutive form

   ‎Hans + ‎-i → ‎Hansi

2. suffix sometimes used to create a short form

   ‎Spastiker + ‎-i → ‎Spasti

• -lein, -chen, -erl

-i (v-v^?, truncative^?)

1. Intransitivizes.

Sometimes additive after r stems.

Many verbs are intransitivized simply by changing the inflectional ending, without changing the stem; of those that do use an affix, it is not predictable which of -i, -nnig, -ller and -si are used. Also, verbs may use more than one of these, with similarly unpredictable results (e.g. errorsivoq (“wash clothes”) vs. erruivoq (“do dishes”), both from errorpaa). If a verb uses one of these affixes, the unaffixed intransitive form may be passive, reciprocal or reflexive w.r.t. the transitive form.

• -nnig, -ller, -si

• Bjørnum, S.: Grønlandsk grammatik, pp. 67-68. Atuagkat 2003.
• Vestgrønlandsk grammatik, p. 106-107, F.A.J. Nielsen, 2014

• IPA^(key): [i]

Adjective suffix.

-i

1. (adjective suffix) Added to a proper noun or a noun to form an adjective.

   Amerika (“America”) → amerikai (“American”)

   város (“city”) → városi (“urban”)

   Freud (“Freud”) → freudi (“Freudian”)

• -beli

Possessive plural.

-i

1. (possessive suffix) his/her/its ...-s (third-person singular, multiple possessions)

   kapu (“gate”) → a kapui (“his/her/its gates”)

   palota (“palace”) → a palotái (“his/her/its palaces”)

   érme (“coin”) → az érméi (“his/her/its coins”)

2. (possessive suffix) your ... -s (second-person singular and plural formal, multiple possessions)

   a maga kapui, az ön kapui ― your (singular, formal) gates

   a maguk kapui, az önök kapui ― your (plural, formal) gates

• (possessive suffix) Variants:

  -i is added to words ending in a vowel except -i. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.

  -ai is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant

  -ei is added to some front vowel words ending in a consonant

  -jai is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

  -jei is added to some front vowel words ending in a consonant or the vowel -i

Personal suffix.

-i

1. (personal suffix) Used to form the third-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, definite conjugation).

   kér (“to request”) → kéri (“he/she asks something, he/she is asking something”)

• (personal suffix) See harmonic variants in the table below.

Diminutive suffix.

-i

1. (diminutive suffix) Added to nouns, mostly used by the younger generation or in informal conversations.

   fagylalt → fagyi (“ice cream”)

• Category:Hungarian noun forms
• Category:Hungarian verb forms
• Appendix:Hungarian possessive suffixes
• Appendix:Hungarian suffixes

-i

1. A nominal suffix.

Borrowed from Italian -i, Russian -и (-i). Also from English -i, used with Latin and Italian borrowings.

-i

1. -s (Marks the plural form of nouns, by replacing the -o ending.)

   ‎libro (“book”) + ‎-i → ‎libri (“books”)

-i

1. Used with a stem to form the second-person singular present of regular -are, -ere verbs and those -ire verbs that do not take "isc"
2. Used with a stem to form the second-person imperative of -ere verbs
3. Used with a stem to form the first-, second- and third-person singular present subjunctive of -are verbs
4. Used with a stem to form the third-person singular imperative of -are verbs

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /iː/

-ī

1. nominative and vocative masculine plural of -us
2. genitive masculine and neuter singular of -us
3. Used for the first person present perfect active singular indicative form of any regular verb.

-ī

1. dative and ablative singular of -ēs

-i • (-i)

1. Romanization of -𐌉

• -y (after “hard” consonants)

From Proto-Slavic *-jь.

-i

1. suffix creating an adjective from a noun, denoting ‘of or pertaining to’

• IPA^(key): /i/
• Rhymes: -i

-i

1. locative, repetitive, or exhaustive

   Sayangi Kuala Lumpur.

   Love Kuala Lumpur.

   Renangi kolam itu.

   Swim that pool.

• IPA^(key): /ɪ/

From Arabic ي‎ (-iyy).

-i (feminine -ija, plural -in)

1. a derivational suffix, chiefly creating adjectives from nouns

• Note that Romance adjectives in -i are treated differently and do not inflect.

• -ijiet

From Sicilian -i.

-i

1. a common plural suffix
   1. used in Romance nouns in -u as well as Romance adjectives in -u or consonants

      numru (“number”) → numri (“numbers”)

      illużorju (“illusory”) → illużorji

      frisk (“fresh”) → friski

   2. used in some nouns in -a, chiefly (though not exclusively) ones of Romance origin

      frawla (“strawberry”) → frawli (“strawberries”)

      qawsalla (“rainbow”) → qawsalli (“rainbows”)

• Adjectives in -iku change to -iċi: demokratiku (“democratic”) → demokratiċi.

• -ejn
• -iet
• -ijiet
• -in

-i

1. Alternative form of -y.

• “-i, (suf.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.
• “-i(e, (suf.2)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.

-i

1. Alternative form of -yf

• “-i(e, (suf.5)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.
• “-if, -ive (suf.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 20 June 2018.

From Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of fourth conjugation verbs.

-i

1. (Jersey) A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs.

From Proto-Samic *-jē. Cognate with Finnish -ja.

-i (with odd-syllable stems -eaddji)

1. Forms agent nouns from verbs.

This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

When attached to verbs in -ut, the suffix becomes -u.

From Proto-Samic *-ŋë. Cognate with Finnish -va.

-i

1. Forms adjectives indicating an abundance of something.

   ‎geađgi (“stone”) + ‎-i → ‎geađgái (“stony”)

   ‎vuodja (“fat”) + ‎-i → ‎vuddjii (“rich in fat”)

This suffix triggers the strongest grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

Phonologically, the suffix is actually the consonant j, and so it forms a diphthong with the final vowel of the base word's stem rather than replacing that vowel. Thus, the resulting word is essentially identical to the illative singular form. The noun declines as a contracted stem, with the inflectional stem lacking the -i.

-i

1. The ending of the illative singular case.

This suffix triggers the strong grade on a preceding stressed syllable.

When possessive suffixes are attached, the suffix changes to the form -s- (for even-syllable stems) or -sa- (for odd-syllable stems).

-i

1. (non-standard since 2012) Used to form past participle of strong verbs.
2. (non-standard since 2012) Used to form singular definite form for strong feminine nouns.
3. (non-standard since 2012) Used to form plural definite form for neuter nouns.
4. (non-standard since 2012) Used to form feminine singular indefinite form for many adjectives.
5. (non-standard since 2012) Used to form neuter singular indefinite form for many adjectives.

From Proto-Germanic *-į̄.

-ī

1. productive suffix used to form abstract nouns from adjectives

   menigī, managī (“crowd, amount”) from manag (“many”)

   tiufī (“depth”) from tiuf (“deep”)

   finstrī, finstarī (“darkness”) from finstar (“dark”)

   hōhī (“height”) from hōh (“high”)

   lengī (“length”) from lang (“long”)

   breitī (“breadth”) from breit (“broad”)

Female n-declension

• Middle High German: -e
  • German: -e

From Proto-Germanic *-īniz. Cognate to Gothic -𐌴𐌹𐌽𐍃 (-eins).

-ī

1. non-productive suffix used to form action nouns from weak verbs

   toufī (“baptism”) from toufen (“to baptise”)

   welī (“choice”) from wellen (“to choose”)

In Old High German, this suffix is neither frequent nor productive. Many weak verbs have action nouns with -unga instead.

Female n-declension

• IPA^(key): /i/

-i (suffixed pronoun)

1. him
2. it (object pronoun)

This suffix is used only after third-person singular forms. After 1st person singular forms in -(e)a, 1st person plural forms in -mi, and 3rd person plural forms in -(a)it, the suffix -it is sometimes used.

-i

1. forms the 2^nd-person plural affirmative imperative of 3^rd conjugation verbs; appended to the stem

   Parti em paz.

   Go in peace.

Like every other 2nd-person plural conjugation, its use is archaic.

• -ei (affirmative imperative for 2nd-conjugation verbs)
• -ai (affirmative imperative for 1st-conjugation verbs and negative imperative for 3rd-conjugation verbs)

From Latin -ī (“second-declension plural ending”)

• IPA^(key): /ʲ/, /j/, /i/

-i

1. (plural) -s

• This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for masculine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases, regardless of singular form. The suffix may cause phonetic changes or vowel deletion (or both):
• ‎lup + ‎-i → ‎lupi
• ‎tată + ‎-i → ‎tați
• ‎fiu + ‎-i → ‎fii
• ‎frate + ‎-i → ‎frăți

From Latin illī, nominative masculine plural of ille.

• IPA^(key): /j/, /i/

-i m

1. (definite article) the (masculine plural, nominative and accusative)

This form of the definite article is used for masculine plural nouns in the nominative and accusative cases (as attached to the indefinite plural, which always ends in a vowel):

• ‎lupi + ‎-i → ‎lupii
• ‎tați + ‎-i → ‎tații
• ‎fii + ‎-i → ‎fiii
• ‎frăți + ‎-i → ‎frății
• ‎copii + ‎-i → ‎copiii

The suffix is also used with masculine and neuter singular plural adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases to make the articulated definite form, often for emphasis, and it is used before the noun it modifies.

From Latin -īre, the ending of the present active infinitive form of [[Append==Portuguese== ===Suffix=== -i # forms the 2^nd-person plural affirmative imperative of 1^st conjugation verbs; appended to the stem #:

• IPA^(key): /i/

-i

1. A suffix forming infinitives of many verbs.

• Most verbs with infinitives in -i are marked by the once-inchoative infix -esc- in many parts of their conjugation, as well as in various derived words; two such verbs are vorbi (“to say”) and to love.
• A sizable group of verbs have infinitives in -i but do not use the infix -esc-, and are otherwise fairly regular; these include, among others, the common verb dormi (“sleep”), simți (“feel”), auzi (“hear”).
• There is a variant form, -î, derived from the same Latin source.

• -ea
• -î
• -e
• -a

From Proto-Samic *-jē.

-i

1. Forms agent nouns from verbs.

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

From Proto-Samic *-ŋë.

-i

1. Forms adjectives indicating an abundance of something.

This adjective needs an inflection-table template.

Phonologically, the suffix is actually the consonant j, and so it forms a diphthong with the final vowel of the base word's stem rather than replacing that vowel.

-i

1. -y; when added to one noun, creates a new one that indicates the use or activity of the first. See also -eri.

-i

1. (Batangas) Imperative suffix, usually equals to "-in/-an mo" in Standard Tagalog and other dialects

   Buksi yung pinto!

   Open the door!

-i

1. Third-person singular possessive suffix denoting singular possession.

   ‎ev (“house”) + ‎-i → ‎evi (“his/her/its house”)

   ‎ofis (“office”) + ‎-i → ‎ofisi (“his/her/its office”)

2. Accusative suffix.

   ‎gelin + ‎-i → ‎gelini

• It's used only when the word's last vowel is "e" or "i". It may change into "-ı", "-u" and "-ü" according to the last vowel of the word. (possession suffix)

  ‎kız + ‎-i → ‎kızı (the last vowel is "a" or "ı")

  ‎yol + ‎-i → ‎yolu (the last vowel is "o" or "u")

  ‎yüz + ‎-i → ‎yüzü (the last vowel is "ö" or "ü")

• If the word ends in "p", "ç", "t" or "k", it may change them into "b", "c", "d" and "ğ".

  ‎sebep + ‎-i → ‎sebebi

  ‎çekiç + ‎-i → ‎çekici

  ‎senet + ‎-i → ‎senedi

  ‎çiçek + ‎-i → ‎çiçeği

• If the word ends in a vowel, it's used with an auxiliary consonant; "y" for the accusative case suffix and "s" for the possessive suffix

  ‎kedi + ‎-i → ‎kediyi

  ‎kedi + ‎-i → ‎kedisi

• It must be used with an apostrophe if it is appended to a proper noun.

  ‎Zafer + ‎-i → ‎Zafer'i

  ‎Ali + ‎-i → ‎Ali'yi / Ali'si

-i

1. Third-person singular possessive suffix. Used after a noun ending in a consonant. It has the same meaning as uning (“its”) placed before a noun.

   Bu kitobi.

   This is its book.

From Proto-Finnic *-ja.

-i

1. -er; forms agent nouns from verbs.

When attached to a verb with a stem in -e-, this becomes -ii.

Adjectival/participal use of the agent noun suffix above.

-i

1. -ing; forms the present active participle of verbs.

When attached to a verb with a stem in -e-, this becomes -ii.

-i

1. A morpheme used to mark the accusative singular of a word (such as a noun or pronoun).

   Dog beiton mani. / Mani beiton dog

   The dog bites the man.

   Mot löfof omi. / Omi löfof mot. (a.s., hicili, soni, u higaaporn).

   The mother loves him. (e.g. the (male) child, son, or (male) lovebird).

• (North Wales) IPA^(key): /ɪ/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /i/

Cognate with Irish -í.

-i

1. Pluralisation suffix

   toiled (“toilet”) → toiledi (“toilets”)

• -au
• -ion
• -od
• -oedd

From Old Welsh -im, from Proto-Brythonic *-iμ.

-i

1. Forms verbal nouns.

• -o
• -u

From Proto-Nguni *-i, from Proto-Bantu *-ì.

-i

1. Forms agent nouns from verbs.

The suffix replaces the -a inherent in the verb stem.