-em
See also: Appendix:Variations of "em"
Bislama
Usage notes
The suffix to be used is determined by vowel harmony. If the last vowel in the stem is a, e, or o (or a diphthong ending in one of those), then the suffix is -em. Otherwise, use -im or -um.
Chuukese
Related terms
Chuukese possessive determiners
| Small objects, concepts | Large objects, living things | Suffix | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | First person | ai | nei | -ei |
| Second person | omw, om | noum | -om | |
| Third person | an | noun | -an | |
| Plural | First person | äm (exclusive) ach (inclusive) | nöu̇m (exclusive) nöüch (inclusive) | -em (exclusive) -ach (inclusive) |
| Second person | ämi, ami | noumi | -emi | |
| Third person | ar | nour | -er |
Hungarian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ɛm]
Suffix
-em
- (personal suffix, indefinite conjugation) Used to form the first-person singular present tense of -ik verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation).
- (personal suffix, definite conjugation) Used to form the first-person singular present tense of verbs (indicative mood, definite conjugation).
- (possessive suffix) my (first-person singular, single possession)
- (noun-forming suffix) Added to a noun or a verb to form a noun.
Usage notes
Present tense indefinite - personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -ok | -ek | -ök |
| -ik verbs (optional) | -om | -em | -öm | |
| te | 2nd person singular | -sz | ||
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -asz | -esz | ||
| after s, sz, z, dz | -ol | -el | -öl | |
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular | – | ||
| -ik verbs | -ik | |||
| mi | 1st person plural | -unk | -ünk | |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -tok | -tek | -tök |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -otok | -etek | -ötök | |
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural | -nak | -nek | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t | -anak | -enek | ||
- (personal suffix) Variants:
Present tense definite – personal endings
| Person | Back vowel | Front vowel | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| unrounded | rounded | |||
| én | 1st person singular | -om | -em | -öm |
| te | 2nd person singular | -od | -ed | -öd |
| ő maga ön |
3rd person singular or formal 2nd person singular |
-ja | -i | |
| mi | 1st person plural | -juk | -jük | |
| ti | 2nd person plural | -játok | -itek | |
| ők maguk önök |
3rd person plural or formal 2nd person plural |
-ják | -ik | |
| én | 1st person singular subject with 2nd person object |
-lak | -lek | |
| after two consonants or a long vowel + t |
-alak | -elek | ||
- (personal suffix, definite conjugation) Variants:
- (possessive suffix) Variants:
- -m is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
- -om is added to some back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -am is added to other back vowel words ending in a consonant
- -em is added to unrounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
- -öm is added to rounded front vowel words ending in a consonant
- (noun-forming suffix) A final single l may become long ll. Variants:
Declension
(possessive suffix):
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -em | — |
| accusative | -emet | — |
| dative | -emnek | — |
| instrumental | -emmel | — |
| causal-final | -emért | — |
| translative | -emmé | — |
| terminative | -emig | — |
| essive-formal | -emként | — |
| essive-modal | -emül | — |
| inessive | -emben | — |
| superessive | -emen | — |
| adessive | -emnél | — |
| illative | -embe | — |
| sublative | -emre | — |
| allative | -emhez | — |
| elative | -emből | — |
| delative | -emről | — |
| ablative | -emtől | — |
(noun suffix):
| Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | -em | -emek |
| accusative | -emet | -emeket |
| dative | -emnek | -emeknek |
| instrumental | -emmel | -emekkel |
| causal-final | -emért | -emekért |
| translative | -emmé | -emekké |
| terminative | -emig | -emekig |
| essive-formal | -emként | -emekként |
| essive-modal | -emül | -emekül |
| inessive | -emben | -emekben |
| superessive | -emen | -emeken |
| adessive | -emnél | -emeknél |
| illative | -embe | -emekbe |
| sublative | -emre | -emekre |
| allative | -emhez | -emekhez |
| elative | -emből | -emekből |
| delative | -emről | -emekről |
| ablative | -emtől | -emektől |
| Possessive forms of -em | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | -emem | -emeim |
| 2nd person sing. | -emed | -emeid |
| 3rd person sing. | -eme | -emei |
| 1st person plural | -emünk | -emeink |
| 2nd person plural | -emetek | -emeitek |
| 3rd person plural | -emük | -emeik |
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Hungarian_nouns_suffixed_with_-em' title='Category:Hungarian nouns suffixed with -em'>Hungarian nouns suffixed with -em</a>
See also
- Category:Hungarian verb forms
- Category:Hungarian noun forms
- Appendix:Hungarian suffixes
Latin
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /em/, [ẽ]
Etymology 1
See -ēs (suffix forming third-declension feminine abstract nouns).
Etymology 2
See -ō³ (suffix forming regular first-conjugation verbs).
Pijin
Usage notes
The suffix to be used is determined by vowel harmony. If the last vowel in the stem is a, e, or o (or a diphthong ending in one of those), then the suffix is -em. Otherwise, use -im or -um.
Volapük
Suffix
-em
- An inanimate collective morpheme for a group of things
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Volap%C3%BCk_words_suffixed_with_-em' title='Category:Volapük words suffixed with -em'>Volapük words suffixed with -em</a>
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