t-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "t"

English

Etymology

Abbreviation of tert-. (tertiary)

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /tiː/

Prefix

t-

  1. (organic chemistry) tertiary form

Synonyms

Coordinate terms
  • n- (normal form)
  • s- (secondary form)

Emilian

Pronunciation

Pronoun

t- (personal, nominative case)

  1. (before a vowel) Alternative form of et
Emilian personal pronouns (weak forms)
Number Person Gender Proclitic Enclitic Aphetic
NADR NADR NADR
SingularFirst— aj-m’ -ja-em -ja-m
Second— t-t’ -et -t
ThirdMasculine l-g’s’ -el-eg-es -l-g-s
Feminine l’-la-la
PluralFirst— aj-s’ -ja-es -ja-s
Second— aj-v’ -ev -v
ThirdMasculine j-g’s’ -i-eg-es -j-g-s
Feminine elj--li-li

Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /t̪ˠ/ (before a, á, o, ó, u, ú and where it replaces /sˠ/)
  • IPA(key): /tʲ/ (before e, é, i, í and where it replaces /ʃ/)

Prefix

t-

  1. Marker of t-prothesis
    an t-athair ― the father
    an tAthair ― the Father
  2. Marker of lenition of s after the definite article
    an tseachtain ― the week
    an tSín ― China

Usage notes

Written with a hyphen before lowercase vowel letters, without a hyphen before uppercase vowel letters and s.

Maquiritari

Prefix

t-

  1. Marks the third person reflexive
  2. Marks an unspecified person when used with the adverbalizers -e, -emje, and -ke
  3. Marks a third person object for a small group of transitive verbs

References
  • Cáceres, Natalia. Grammaire Fonctionelle-Typologique du Ye'kwana.

Old Irish

Prefix

t- (class A infixed pronoun, triggers lenition)

  1. you (singular object pronoun)
    ‎do·goa (“s/he chooses”) + ‎t- → ‎dot·goa (“s/he chooses you”)
    ‎ní·ben (“s/he does not strike”) + ‎t- → ‎nít·ben (“s/he does not strike you”)

Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Old_Irish_words_prefixed_with_t-' title='Category:Old Irish words prefixed with t-'>Old Irish words prefixed with t-</a>

See also
Old Irish affixed pronouns

See Appendix:Old Irish affixed pronouns for details on how these forms are used.
Note that the so-called “infixed” pronouns are technically prefixes, but they are never the first prefix in a verbal complex.

Person Infixed Suffixed
Class A Class B Class C
1 sing. m-L dom-L, dam-L -um
2 sing. t-L dot-L, dat-L, dut-L, dit-L -ut
3 sing. m. a-N d-N id-N, did-N, d-N -i, -it
3 sing. f. s-(N) da- -us
3 sing. n. a-L d-L id-L, did-L, d-L -i, -it
1 pl. n- don-, dun-, dan- -unn
2 pl. b- dob-, dub-, dab- -uib
3 pl. s-(N) da- -us
L means this form triggers lenition.
N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis)
(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.
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