Patron saints of places

The idea of assigning a patron saint to a certain locality harks back to the ancient tutelary deities. This is a list of patron saints of places by nation, region, and town/city. If a place is not listed here, it may be listed in "Patronage of the Blessed Virgin Mary".

Continents

Patron saints by regions
ContinentPatron saintNotes
Asia The Blessed Virgin Mary (Our Lady of All Nations), Joseph, Francis Xavier
Africa Moses the Black
The Americas The Virgin Mary, mother of Jesus (as Our Lady of Guadalupe)[1][2]

Saint Rosa (Santa Rosa)[3]

Europe Benedict of Nursia[4][5]
Saints Cyril and Methodius[6][7]
Bridget of Sweden[4]
Catherine of Siena[4]
Edith Stein (Teresa Benedicta of the Cross)[4]
Benedict of Nursia is the main patron saint,[8] the others are considered co-patrons.[9]

Beorhthelm of Stafford, formally Bethnei, c. early 6th century

Oceania Peter Chanel[10]

Regions

RegionPatron saint
Anatolia John the Apostle
Alsace Odile of Alsace
Australasia The Virgin Mary (as Mary Help of Christians[11])
Central Africa The Immaculate Heart of Mary[12]
North Africa (Libya, Tunisia) Cyprian[12]
Scandinavia Ansgar[4]
South America Rose of Lima[4]
West Indies Gertrude the Great
Pope Gregory I

Countries

CountryPatron saint
 Albania The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Good Counsel[4])
 Algeria Cyprian of Carthage[13]
 Andorra The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Meritxell)
 Angola The Immaculate Heart of Mary[4][13]
 Argentina The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Luján[4])
Francis Solanus
Blessed Laura Vicuña
Martin of Tours
 Armenia Gregory the Illuminator[4]
Bartholomew the Apostle
Jude the Apostle
Mesrop Mashtots
 Azerbaijan Elisæus of Albania
 Australia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady Help of Christians)[14]

Mary of the Cross MacKillop[15]

 Austria Joseph[13]
Colman of Stockerau[16]
Florian[13]
Koloman
Leopold the Good
Maurice[13]
Severinus of Noricum
Vergilius of Salzburg
 Barbados Andrew[17]
 Belarus Cyril of Turov
Euphrosyne of Polotsk[18]
 Belgium Joseph[4]
 Bolivia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Candelaria,[4] Our Lady of Copacabana,[4] and Our Lady of Mount Carmel[19])
 Brazil The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Aparecida[4][19] and Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[4])
Peter of Alcantara[4]
Anthony of Padua
 BrittanyAnne
Ivo of Kermartin

Herve of Gwimilio
Seven Founder Saints (Corentin of Cornwall, Tudwal of Landreger, Pol-Aorelian of Leon, Padarn of Gwened, Samson of Dol, Brioc, and Malo[20]

 Bulgaria Cyril and Methodius
John of Rila
 Canada Anne[4]
Jean de Brébeuf
Joseph
the North American Martyrs[1]
 Chile The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Mount Carmel)[4]
James the Greater[4]
Teresa of Los Andes
 China The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Sheshan)
Joseph[4]
Francis Xavier
 Colombia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Rosary of Chiquinquirá)
Louis Bertrand[4]
Peter Claver[4]
Laura of Saint Catherine of Siena[4]
 Costa Rica The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Angels)
 Croatia Jerome
Cyril and Methodius
Joseph
 Cuba The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Charity[4])
 Cyprus Barnabas[21]
Lazarus
Marina the Martyr
 Czech Republic Adalbert of Prague
Agnes of Bohemia
John of Nepomuk
Ludmila
Cyril and Methodius
Procopius
Sigismund
Wenceslas
Vitus
 Democratic Republic of Congo The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[22])
 Denmark Ansgar[4]
Canute IV[4]
 Dominican Republic The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Altagracia and Our Lady of Mercy[23][24][25])
Dominic[4]
 Ecuador The Sacred Heart of Jesus[4]
The Immaculate Heart of Mary[26]
Mary Anne de Paredes (Spanish: Mariana de Paredes y Flores)
Our Lady of El Cisne[27]
 England George

(previously Edward, Edmund the Martyr and Gregory the Great until replaced around 1348 when the Order of the Garter was founded by King Edward III with George as its patron)

 Egypt Mark the Evangelist[26]
 El Salvador The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Peace[4])
 Equatorial Guinea The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[4])

The Transfiguration of Jesus (as the Divine Savior of the World)

 Ethiopia Frumentius
George[4]
 Fiji Saint Peter (The second half of 1 Peter 2:17 was translated to Fijian and then made it into the ribbon of the country's coat of arms.)
 Finland Henry of Uppsala[4]
 France The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[4])
The Archangel Michael
Denis
Martin of Tours
Louis IX
Joan of Arc[4]
Remi
Thérèse de Lisieux[4]
Petronilla
Radegund
 Georgia George[4]
Nino
 Germany Adalbert of Magdeburg
Ansgar[28]
Boniface[4]
Bruno of Cologne
Peter Canisius
Kilian of Würzburg
The Archangel Michael He is the patron saint of the German People, Germany itself has no patron saint[4]
Swithbert
George
Maurice
 Greece The Virgin Mary (as the Panagia)
George
Andrew
Nicholas of Myra
Paul the Apostle[29]
 Guam The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Camarin)
 Guatemala James the Greater[29]
 Haiti The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Perpetual Succor[29])
 Honduras The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Suyapa[29])
 Hong Kong The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)[30]
 Hungary The Virgin Mary
Adalbert of Prague
Astricus
Emeric of Hungary (Hungarian: Imre)
Cyril[31]
Gerard Sagredo
Stephen of Hungary[4]
Elizabeth of Hungary
 Iceland Ansgar[32]
Thorlac Thorhallsson[4]
 India Francis Xavier[32]
Thomas[4])
The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Assumption)
Joseph
 Indonesia The Blessed Virgin Mary (Our Lady of Perpetual Help), Joseph, Thomas, Thérèse de Lisieux, Francis Xavier
 Iran Maruthas
 Ireland Patrick
Columba[4]
Brigid of Kildare[33]
 Israel The Archangel Michael[34]
 Italy Catherine of Siena[4]
Francis of Assisi[4]
 Japan Peter Baptist[4]
Joseph
Francis Xavier
 Jordan John the Baptist[32]
Kenya Kenya The Virgin Mary (as Mary, Queen of Love)[35]
 Korea, South The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)
Joseph[4]
 Lebanon The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Lebanon)
Barbara
Charbel Makhlouf
 Lesotho The Immaculate Heart of Mary[4][26]
 Lithuania Casimir[36]
Cunigunde of Luxemburg[4]
John of Dukla
John of Kanty
George
Kinga of Poland
 Luxembourg Cunigunde of Luxemburg[2][4]
Willibrord[4]
 Macau The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)
John the Baptist
Francis Xavier
Catherine of Siena
 Macedonia Clement of Ohrid
Cyril and Methodius
 Madagascar Vincent de Paul
 Malta The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption and Our Lady of Victories)[4]
Paul the Apostle[4]
Agatha of Sicily
Publius
George (patron saint of Gozo, one of the Maltese islands)
 Mexico The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Guadalupe[4])
Philip of Jesus
Joseph[37]
 Moldova George
 Monaco Devota[38]
 Netherlands Plechelm
Willibrord[4]
 New Caledonia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[10])
 New Zealand The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Assumption[4])
Joseph
 Nicaragua James the Greater[10]
 Nigeria Patrick[10]
 Norway Olaf II (known as Rex Perpetuus Norvegiae)[4]
Magnus of Orkney[10]
 Pakistan Francis Xavier[39]
 State of Palestine The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady, Queen of Palestine)
George
 Papua New Guinea The Archangel Michael
 Paraguay The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Caacupé[39])
Martin of Tours[4]
 Peru Rose of Lima
Turibius of Mogroveio
Joseph[4]
 Philippines The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception, Our Lady of Guadalupe, Mary, Help of Christians, Our Lady of Perpetual Help[4][39] and her Immaculate Heart[4])
Lorenzo Ruíz
Pedro Calungsod
Pudentiana
Rose of Lima
 Poland The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Częstochowa)[4]
Casimir[36]
Hyacinth
Kinga of Poland[4]
Adalbert of Prague[40]
John of Kanty
Stanislaus of Cracow[4]
John Paul II
 Portugal The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Fátima and as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)[4]
Anthony of Padua[4]
The Archangel Gabriel
John de Brito
George[4]
James the Greater
 Puerto Rico The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Providence)
John the Baptist
 Romania John of Suceava
Andrew
Nicetas of Remesiana
 Russia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady Derzhavnaya)[41]
Alexander Nevsky
Andrew[42]
Basil the Great[43]
Casimir[43]
George
Joseph[43]
Thérèse de Lisieux[4]
Vladimir I of Kiev
 Rwanda Christ the King
 San Marino Marinus
Nicholas of Myra[4][43]
Agatha
 Scotland Andrew
Margaret of Scotland
Columba
 Serbia Sava[44][45]
 Slovakia The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Sorrows)[4]
Cyril and Methodius
 Slovenia Joseph
Cyril and Methodius
 Solomon Islands The Archangel Michael[46]
 South Africa Martin of Tours[4]
 Spain The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception)[46]
James the Greater (Spanish: Santiago)
Teresa of Ávila[4]
 Sri Lanka Lawrence[4]
Joseph Vaz
Thomas the Apostle
The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Lanka and Our Lady of Madhu)
 Sudan Josephine Bakhita
 Sweden Brigit[47]
Eric IX[4]
Sigfrid of Sweden
  Switzerland Gall
Nicholas of Flue[48]
 Syria Barbara
 Tanzania The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[47])
 Turkey John the Apostle[49]
George
Uganda Uganda Uganda Martyrs [50]

The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Africa)[51]

 Ukraine Josaphat[52]
Andrew
Vladimir I of Kiev
 Uruguay The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Thirty-Three[53])
James the Less
Philip the Apostle[54]
 United States The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception[47])
 Venezuela The Virgin Mary (as Our Lady of Coromoto[47])
 Vietnam Joseph
 Wales David

Former states

Provinces

CountryProvincePatron saint
 Argentina  Buenos Aires Martin of Tours
 Buenos Aires Province Our Lady of the Rosary, Gervasius and Protasius, Mary Help of Christians, Rita of Cascia, Isidore the Laborer, Virgin of Mercy, Ignatius of Loyola, Pope Pontian, Black Virgin of Oropa,

Mary Magdalene, Joseph, Our Lady of Lourdes, Gabriel, Isidore the Laborer, Our Lady of the Pillar, Peter, Cecilia

 Córdoba Jerome
 Corrientes Our Lady of Itatí
 Misiones Joseph
 San Luis Louis IX of France
 Santa Fe Lawrence, Virgin of Mercy, Saint George, Saint Roch, John the Baptist, Our Lady of Itatí, Sacred Heart, Our Lady of the Rosary, Jerome
 Tucumán Isidore the Laborer
 Santa Cruz Mary (as Virgin of the Valley), Our Lady of the Rosary, Mary Help of Christians
 Chubut Our Lady of Guadalupe
La Rioja Province, Argentina La Rioja Patron Saint Nicholas of Bari, Our Lord of Good Health
 Austria
 Upper AustriaFlorian
 StyriaJoseph
 CarinthiaJoseph
 Belgium  HainautWaltrude[59]
 Bosnia and Herzegovina  Republic of SrpskaStephen
 Brazil
 AcreMary (as Our Lady of Immaculate Conception)
 AlagoasMary (as Our Lady of Joy)
 AmapáJoseph
 AmazonasMary (as Our Lady of Immaculate Conception)
 BahiaMary (as Our Lady of Immaculate Conception)
 CearáJoseph
 Distrito FederalJohn Bosco
 Espírito SantoHoly Spirit
 GoiásMary ( as Our Lady of Abadia)
 MaranhãoSaint Joseph (as Saint Joseph of Ribamar)
 Mato GrossoJesus Christ (as Our Lord, the Good Jesus)
 Mato Grosso do SulMary, as Our Lady of the Abbey
 Minas GeraisMary (as Our Lady of Piety)
 ParáMary (as Our Lady of Nazareth)
 ParaíbaMary (as Our Lady of Snows)
 ParanáMary (as Our Lady of Rocio)
 PernambucoMary (as Our Lady of Mount Carmel)
 PiauíMary (as Our Lady of Victory)
 Rio de JaneiroSebastian
 Rio Grande do NorteSaint Martyrs of Cunhaú and Uruaçu
 Rio Grande do SulPeter
 RondôniaMary (as Our Lady of Nazareth)
 RoraimaMary (as Our Lady of Mount Carmel)
 Santa CatarinaCatherine of Alexandria
 São PauloPaul
 SergipeMary (as Our Lady of Immaculate Conception)
 TocantinsMary (as Our Lady of Nativity)
 Canada  Newfoundland and LabradorJohn the Baptist
 Nova ScotiaNinian
 QuebecAnne
John the Baptist
 Croatia DalmatiaBlaise
 Czech Republic  BohemiaWenceslas, Ludmila, Vitus, Adalbert of Prague, Agnes of Bohemia,

Procopius, Sigismund of Burgundy, Norbert of Xanten, Joseph,[4] John of Nepomuk

 MoraviaCyril and Methodius,[4] Wenceslas, Jan Sarkander
 France  AlsaceOdile of Alsace
 AuvergneGerald Aurillac
 BrittanyDedicated: Anna, Ivo of Kermartin; Seven Founders: Corentin of Cornwall, Tudwal of Landreger, Pol-Aorelian of Leon, Padarn of Gwened, Samson of Dol, Brioc, Malo.[20]
 CorsicaJulia of Corsica, Devota, Alexander Sauli
 Île-de-France (Paris)Denis, Genevieve
 LorraineSaint Nicholas, Joan of Arc
 Germany  BavariaSt. Mary Patroness of Bavaria (feast on May 1), St. Rupert and St. Emmeram (Bavaria proper), St. Kilian and St. Sebaldus (Franconia) and St. Hedwig of Andechs
 SaxonyWillehad of Bremen
 Greece ChiosMarkella
CreteSaint Titus
CorfuSpyridon
EuboeaParaskevi of Rome
LaconiaNikon the Metanoeite
RhodesPhanourios
TinosPelagia
ZakynthosDionysios of Zakynthos
 Indonesia BorneoFrancis Xavier
 Italy CremonaHomobonus
SicilyAndrew Avellino, Nicholas of Myra, Rosalia
Kenya Kenya Malindi Francis Xavier
Nyeri Irene Stefani
 Lebanon North LebanonAwtel
South LebanonChristina of Bolsena
 Mexico ChihuahuaOur Lady of La Soledad de Parral
VeracruzRafael Guizar y Valencia
 Philippines BicolMary (as Our Lady of Peñafrancia)
CagayanMary (as Our Lady of Piat)
Western VisayasMary (as Our Lady of Candelaria)
 Portugal LisbonSaint Vincent, Saint Anthony, Mary (as Saint Mary Major)
OportoMary (as Nossa Senhora de Vandoma, Our Lady of Assumption), Saint John
CoimbraSaint Augustine, Saint Elizabeth, Thomas of Villanova
BragaSaint Martin of Braga, Saint Gerald, Mary (as Our Lady of Assumption), Saint John
 Russia Kaliningrad OblastAdalbert of Prague
 Serbia VojvodinaCyril and Methodius
 Spain  AndalusiaJohn of Avila
 AragonAgathoclia, Braulio, George
 AsturiasOur Lady of Covadonga
CastileEmilian of Cogolla
 Canary IslandsMary (as Our Lady of Candelaria)
 CantabriaVirgen de la Bien Aparecida,
 CataloniaGeorge, Virgin of Montserrat
 CeutaOur Lady of Africa
 EuskadiSaint Ignatius of Loyola, Saint Prudence
 ExtremaduraVirgen of Guadalupe, John the Baptist
 GaliciaJames the Greater,[4]
La Rioja (Spain) La RiojaVirgen of Valvanera
 LeónMarcellus of Tangier, Saint Froilan, Madonna of the Way (Virgen del Camino)
 MadridSaint Isidore the Laborer, Virgin of Almudena
 NavarreFermin, Francis Xavier, Saturnin, Santa María the Royal of Pamplona
 ValenciaVincent Ferrer, Our Lady of the Forsaken
 United Kingdom  EnglandGeorge,[4] Edmund the Martyr, Edward the Confessor, Michael the Archangel[26]
BerkshireBirinus
CornwallPiran, Michael the Archangel, Petroc
DevonPetroc, Nechtan
DorsetWite
East AngliaEdmund the Martyr; Suffolk
EssexCedd
The English FensGuthlac
HerefordshireDubricius
KentAugustine of Canterbury
LondonSaint Paul
MerciaChad of Mercia, Bertelin,[60] Alban
NorthumbriaCuthbert of Lindisfarne, Oswald
SussexRichard of Chichester, Wilfrid
WessexAldhelm, Swithun
West Riding of YorkshireWilfrid
WiltshireOsmund
 ScotlandAndrew the Apostle,[42] Margaret of Scotland, Columba,[4][32] Palladius
BarraFinbarr
EiggDonnán
GallowayNinian
LennoxKessog
Orkney IslandsMagnus
 WalesDavid of Wales[47] (Welsh: Dewi Sant)
 Gibraltar (territory)Bernard of Clairvaux,[61] Mary (as Our Lady of Europe)
 Guernsey
(sovereign dependency)
Samson of Dol
 Isle of Man
(sovereign dependency)
Maughold
 Jersey
(sovereign dependency)
Helier

Cities and towns

Catherine of Siena writing

Australia

Austria

Belgium

Brazil

Canada

Colombia

Croatia

Cuba

Czech Republic

Denmark

Ecuador

Egypt

France

Germany

Greece

Haiti

Hungary

India

Ireland

Italy

Lebanon

Lithuania

Malta

Mexico

Montenegro

The Netherlands

Norway

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Romania

Russia

Serbia

Slovakia

Slovenia

Spain

Sri Lanka

Sweden

Turkey

Ukraine

United Kingdom

United States

Archdioceses and dioceses

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Walsh, p. 6.
  2. 1 2 Walsh, p. 13.
  3. "CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: St. Rose of Lima". www.newadvent.org. Retrieved 2016-09-30.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 Bunson, p. 214.
  5. "St. Benedict and the key to European unity". CatholicCulture.org. 9 April 2008. Retrieved 2014-07-07.
  6. Jones, Terry. "Methodius". Patron Saints Index. Archived from the original on 19 February 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  7. "Egregiae Virtutis". Retrieved 26 April 2009. Apostolic letter of Pope John Paul II, 31 December 1980 (in Latin)
  8. http://montecassinoabbey.org/?p=4039
  9. http://www.isidor.se/ccreurope/en-gb/patrons.aspx
  10. 1 2 3 4 5 Walsh, p. 15.
  11. https://www.sydneycatholic.org/news/latest_news/2013/2013124_1465.shtml
  12. 1 2 Walsh, p. 3.
  13. 1 2 3 4 5 Walsh, p. 4.
  14. "Patroness of Australia". www.theworkofgod.org. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
  15. "Saint Mary of the Cross MacKillop named second patron of Australia - ACBC Media Blog". ACBC Media Blog. 2013-01-23. Retrieved 2017-06-01.
  16. Holweck, p. 225.
  17. Who was St. Andrew?, Scotland.org
  18. http://www.belarus.by/en/about-belarus/famous-belarusians/euphrosyne-of-polotsk
  19. 1 2 Walsh, p. 5.
  20. 1 2 List of religious figures of Brittany#The Seven Founder Saints of Brittany
  21. Holweck, p. 133.
  22. 1 2 Walsh, p. 22.
  23. "Feast of Our Lady of Mercy". CatholicSaints.Info. 2010-08-04. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
  24. "Hoy es Día de las Mercedes, Patrona de la República Dominicana". El Día (in Spanish). 2015-09-24. Retrieved 2017-10-30.
  25. "Santo Cerro | La Vega, República Dominicana". www.conectate.com.do (in Spanish). Retrieved 2017-10-30.
  26. 1 2 3 4 Walsh, p. 9.
  27. "Official website of the National Shrine of Our Lady of El Cisne".
  28. 1 2 3 Walsh, p. 8.
  29. 1 2 3 4 Walsh, p. 11.
  30. http://www.gcatholic.org/dioceses/diocese/hong0.htm
  31. Holweck, p. 256.
  32. 1 2 3 4 Walsh, p. 12.
  33. Holweck, p. 171.
  34. "Jewish Encyclopedia - Michael". Jewish Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2018-02-26.
  35. "Catholic Church in Kenya". www.gcatholic.org. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
  36. 1 2 Holweck, p. 182.
  37. Walsh, p. 14.
  38. Holweck, p. 273.
  39. 1 2 3 4 Walsh, p. 16.
  40. Walsh, p. 17.
  41. ru:Икона Божией Матери «Державная»
  42. 1 2 3 Holweck, p. 72.>
  43. 1 2 3 4 Walsh, p. 18.
  44. A History of the Balkan Peoples. Ardent Media. 1971. p. 33. GGKEY:69RCKY1X0FZ.
  45. Jennifer Lawler (2004). Encyclopedia of the Byzantine Empire. McFarland. p. 260. ISBN 978-1-4766-0929-4.
  46. 1 2 Walsh, p. 19.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 Bunson, p. 215.
  48. Walsh, p. 20.
  49. Catholic Saints
  50. "Saint of the Day - June 3 - Martyrs of Uganda". Catholic Saint of the Day. 2018-06-01. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
  51. "Catholic Church in Uganda". www.gcatholic.org. Retrieved 2018-08-28.
  52. Saint Josaphat Kuncevyc
  53. Virgin of the Thirty-Three, proclaimed patron saint of Uruguay by Pope John XXIII (in Spanish)
  54. 1 2 Walsh, p. 21.
  55. John Van Antwerp Fine (January 2007). The Bosnian Church: Its Place in State and Society from the Thirteenth to the Fifteenth Century. Saqi. ISBN 978-0-86356-503-8. This would also explain how St Gregory came to be the patron saint of Bosnia in 1461 (AB, p. 244). Thus we conclude that at least some Bosnians celebrated a family saint, the slava, and also some, like the Sankovici, honored the saints, ...
  56. Georgiana Muir Mackenzie (1877). Travels in the Slavonic Province of Turkey-in-Europe. Daldy, Isbister & Company. St. Peter was in his lifetime Vladika Peter I. ; now he is the patron saint of Montenegro,
  57. The Fortnightly. 93-99. Chapman and Hall. 1913. From one and all their offers met with savage refusal, the answer given by Peter Petrovic, ancestor of King Nikolas, and to-day- Patron Saint of Montenegro, is typical of the spirit of the Crnagora : to the offer of a gift of territory and a Turkish title ...
  58. Dennis Cove; Ian Westwell (January 2002). History of World War I. Marshall Cavendish. p. 72. ISBN 978-0-7614-7231-5. ... was scheduled for June 28. This was a significant date for both Princip the archduke. It was the day of St. Vitus, the patron saint of Serbia,
  59. 1 2 Saint Waltrude at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26 March 2013
  60. Patron saint of Stafford, formerly Bethnei, circa early 6th century, Prince of Mercia, Anglo Saxon follower of Christ, Holy man. See earlier notes Church of Saint Bertelin Stafford
  61. Holweck, p. 154.
  62. Guy of Anderlecht at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2013.
  63. Andrew the Apostle at saints.sqpn.com. Retrieved 26.March 2013
  64. Holweck, p. 35.
  65. St. Berach at sqpn.com Retrieved 05.April 2013
  66. 1 2 Alexander of Bergamo at sqpn.com Retrieved 05.April 2013
  67. Holweck, p. 29.
  68. 1 2 3 4 5 Holweck, p. 52.
  69. 1 2 3 Holweck, p. 20.
  70. 1 2 Holweck, p. 3.
  71. Holweck, p. 40
  72. Michael Schuman (14 May 2014). Serbia and Montenegro. Infobase Publishing. pp. 83–. ISBN 978-1-4381-2252-6.
  73. Thomas J. Craughwell (12 July 2011). Saints Preserved. Crown Publishing Group. pp. 73–. ISBN 978-0-307-59074-9.
  74. Hellēnikē Hetaireia Slavikōn Meletōn (1999). Thessaloniki, Magna Moravia: proceedings of the International conference, Thessaloniki, 16-19 october 1997. Hellenic Association for Slavic Studies.
  75. "ST. PROCOPIUS". Retrieved 2 March 2017.
  76. Holweck, p. 11.
  77. Holweck, p. 53.
  78. Saint Joseph
  79. Mary MacKillop at sqpn.com Retrieved 06.April 2013
  • Holweck, Frederick G. (1924). A Biographical Dictionary of the Saints. B. Herder.
  • Bunson, Matthew, ed. (2012). Our Sunday Visitor's 2012 Catholic Almanac. Our Sunday Visitor. ISBN 9781592760770.
  • Walsh, Michael, ed. (1987). Butler's Lives of Patron Saints. Harper & Row. ISBN 0060692626.
  • www.usccb.org/bible/readings/120814.cfm
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