European Union free trade agreements

EU Free trade agreements
  European Union
  Agreement in force
  Agreement (in part) provisionally applied
  Agreement signed, but not applied
  Agreement initialed, not signed
  Agreement being negotiated

The European Union has concluded free trade agreements (FTAs)[1] and other agreements with a trade component with many countries worldwide and is negotiating with many others.[2]

Trade agreements in force

StateSignedProvisional
Application		In ForceNotesRelations
 Akrotiri and Dhekelia 2003 2004[3] Customs union
 Albania 2006 2006[lower-alpha 1] 2009[4] SAA Candidate for EU accession
 Algeria 2002 2005[5] Euro-mediterranean AA
 Andorra 1990 1991[6] Customs union Andorra–EU relations
 Bosnia and Herzegovina 2008 2008[lower-alpha 1] 2015[7] SAA Potential candidate for EU accession
 Chile 2002 2003 2005[8] AA[9]
 Egypt 2001 2004[10] Euro-mediterranean AA
 Faroe Islands 1996 1997[11] Autonomous entity of Denmark Faroe Islands-EU relations
 Georgia 2014 2014 2016[12] AA incl DCFTA Georgia–EU relations
Bailiwick of Guernsey 1972 1973[13] Customs union
 Iceland 1992 1994[14] EEA Negotiating for EU accession
 Isle of Man 1972 1973[13] Customs union
 Israel 1995 1996[lower-alpha 1][15] 2000[16] Euro-Mediterranean AA Israel–EU relations
Bailiwick of Jersey 1972 1973[13] Customs union
 Jordan 1997 2002[17] Euro-Mediterranean AA Jordan–EU relations
 Kosovo 2015 2016[18] SAA Kosovo–EU relations
 Lebanon 2002 2006[19] Euro-Mediterranean AA Lebanon–EU relations
 Liechtenstein 1992 1995[14] EEA Liechtenstein–EU relations
 Republic of Macedonia 2001 2001[lower-alpha 1] 2004[20] SAA Candidate for EU accession
 Mexico 1997 2000[21] FTA[22][23] Mexico–EU relations
 Moldova 2014 2014 2016[24] AA incl DCFTA Moldova–EU relations
 Monaco 1958 Franco-Monegasque Treaty (customs union)
 Montenegro 2007 2008[lower-alpha 1] 2010[25] SAA Negotiating for EU accession
 Morocco 1996 2000[26] Euro-Mediterranean AA Morocco–EU relations
 Norway 1992 1994[14] EEA Norway–EU relations
 EU's Overseas Countries and Territories 2001 2001[27][28] Association of the OCTs with the EU
 Palestinian Authority 1997 1997[29] Euro-Mediterranean AA Palestine–EU relations
 San Marino 1991 1992[lower-alpha 2] 2002[30] Customs union San Marino–EU relations
 Serbia 2008 2010[lower-alpha 1] 2013[31] SAA Negotiating for EU accession
 South Africa 1999 2000[32] 2004[33] ATDC[lower-alpha 3] South Africa–EU relations
 South Korea 2010 2011 2015[34] FTA[35] South Korea–EU relations
  Switzerland 1972
1999		 1973[36]
2002[37]		 Trade agreement
Bilateral I agreements		 Switzerland–EU relations
 Tunisia 1995 1998[38] Euro-Mediterranean AA
 Turkey 1995[lower-alpha 4] 1995[39] Customs union Negotiating for EU accession
 Ukraine 2014 2016 2017[40][41] AA incl DCFTA Ukraine–EU relations

Agreements provisionally applied

StateSignedProvisional
Application		RatificationNotesRelations
CARIFORUM States 2008 2008
33 / 44
[42]		 EPA - Croatia acceded to the agreement on 28 November 2017
Eastern and Southern Africa States
 Comoros
 Madagascar
 Mauritius
 Seychelles
 Zambia
 Zimbabwe		 2009 2012
3 / 34
[43]		 Interim Agreement for establishing a framework for an EPA
Central America
 Costa Rica
 Guatemala
 Honduras
 Nicaragua
 Panama
 El Salvador		 2012 2013
29 / 34
[44]		 AA
 Côte d'Ivoire 2009 2016
20 / 30
[45]		 Stepping Stone EPA
 Colombia
 Peru		 2012[46] 2013
27 / 30
[47]		 FTA[48]
 Cameroon 2009 2014
19 / 30
[49]		 Interim agreement with a view to an EPA
Pacific States
 Fiji
 Papua New Guinea		 2009 2009 and 2014
2 / 3
[50]		 Interim Partnership Agreement
South African Development Community members
 Botswana
 Lesotho
 Mozambique
 Namibia
 South Africa
 Swaziland		 2016 2016
14 / 35
[51]		 Economic Partnership Agreement
 Ghana 2016 2016[52]
4 / 30
[52]		 Stepping Stone EPA
 Ecuador 2016[53] 2017[54]
18 / 32
[55]		 Accession to EU-Peru-Colombia Free Trade Agreement[56]
 Canada 2014 2017[57]
9 / 30
[58]		 Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement[59]

Agreements signed but not (provisionally) applied

StateNegotiations ConcludedSignedProvisional
Application		RatificationNotes
 Japan 8 December 2017[60] 17 July 2018[61]
0 / 2
[62]		 Economic Partnership Agreement

Agreements finalised (negotiations concluded, but not signed)

StateNegotiations ConcludedSignedProvisional
Application		RatificationNotes
West Africa
 Benin
 Burkina Faso
 Cape Verde
 Ivory Coast
 Gambia
 Ghana
 Guinea
 Guinea-Bissau
 Liberia
 Mali
 Mauritania
 Niger
 Nigeria
 Senegal
 Sierra Leone
 Togo		 6 February 2014 Signed by 15 out of 16 West African partner countries and the EU[63] Economic Partnership Agreement[64][65]
Eastern African Community members
 Burundi
 Kenya
 Rwanda
 Tanzania
 Uganda		 16 October 2014 Signed by 2 out of 5 East African partner countries and the EU[66] Ratfied by  Rwanda and  Kenya Economic Partnership Agreement[67]
 Singapore 17 October 2014 No EU-Singapore Free Trade Agreement, a Comprehensive Free Trade Agreement,[68] subject to CJEU Opinion 2/15 (member states also have to sign when arbitration is planned by the treaty, due to national competency)
 Vietnam[69] 2 December 2015 No Free Trade Agreement[70]
 Samoa 23 April 2018 Not Required / Accession [71] Interim Partnership Agreement between the European Community and the Pacific States

Negotiating

  • Gulf Cooperation Council (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and United Arab Emirates) since 1990, negotiations are suspended since 2008
  • Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, and Venezuela) since 2000, relaunched in May 2010
  • India Negotiations initiated in 2007 on EU-India Bilateral Trade and Investment Agreement are stalled as of March 2015.[72][73][74]
  • ASEAN as a group since July 2007 and the following individual countries[75]:

However Cambodia has been removed from the free trade agreement.[76][77]

Competence

The European court of Justice has held that investor-state Arbitration provisions (including a dedicated tribunal planned by some free trade agreements) falls under  competency shared between European Union and its member states and that for this reason, their ratification should be approved by the EU as well as by each of the 28 states.[80]

Impact

One study found that the trade agreements that the EU implemented over the period 1993-2013 "lowered quality-adjusted prices by close to 7%."[81]

See also

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Entry into force of Interim Agreement
  2. ↑ Interim Agreement
  3. ↑ Agreement on Trade, Development and Cooperation
  4. ↑ Decision of the EC-Turkey Association Council

References

  1. ↑ "Free trade agreements". European Commission. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  2. ↑ "Agreements". European Commission. Retrieved 17 March 2016.
  3. ↑ Act concerning the conditions of accession of the Czech Republic, the Republic of Estonia, the Republic of Cyprus, the Republic of Latvia, the Republic of Lithuania, the Republic of Hungary, the Republic of Malta, the Republic of Poland, the Republic of Slovenia and the Slovak Republic and the adjustments to the Treaties on which the European Union is founded - Protocol No 3 on the sovereign base areas of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland on Cyprus
  4. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Albania, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  5. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement between the European Community and its Members States, of the one part, and the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  6. ↑ "Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the European Economic Community and the Principality of Andorra". Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  7. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and Bosnia and Herzegovina, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  8. ↑ "Agreement establishing an Association between the European Community and its Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Chile, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  9. ↑ "Chile - Trade - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  10. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Association Agreement between the European Communities and its Member States and the Arab Republic of Egypt". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  11. ↑ "Agreement between the European Community, of the one part, and the Government of Denmark and the Home Government of the Faroe Islands, of the other part". Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  12. ↑ "Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, of the one part, and Georgia, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  13. 1 2 3 Documents concerning the accession to the European Communities of the Kingdom of Denmark, Ireland, the Kingdom of Norway and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Protocol No 3 on the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man
  14. 1 2 3 "Agreement on the European Economic Area". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  15. ↑ "Interim Agreement on trade and trade-related matters between the European Community and the European Coal and Steel Community, of the one part, and the State of Israel, on the other part". Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  16. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the State of Israel, of the other part". Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  17. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Information relating to the entry into force of the Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community, of the one part, and Kosovo (*), of the other part". Europa.eu. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  19. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Community and its Members States, of the one part, and the Republic of Lebanon, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  20. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  21. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Mexico - Trade - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  23. ↑ "Economic Partnership, Political Coordination and Cooperation Agreement between the European Community and its Member States, of the one part, and the United Mexican States, of the other part". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  24. ↑ "Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, of the one part, and Moldova, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  25. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States of the one part, and the Republic of Montenegro, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  26. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 7 August 2013.
  27. ↑ "Council Decision 2013/755/EU of 25 November 2013 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Union". EUR-Lex. 19 December 2013.
  28. ↑ "Council Decision 2001/822/EC of 27 November 2001 on the association of the overseas countries and territories with the European Community". EUR-Lex. 27 November 2001.
  29. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Interim Association Agreement on Trade and Cooperation between the European Community, of the one part, and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) for the benefit of the Palestinian Authority of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  30. ↑ "Agreement on Cooperation and Customs Union between the European Economic Community and the Republic of San Marino". Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  31. ↑ "Stabilisation and Association Agreement between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Serbia, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  32. ↑ "Agreement in the form of an Exchange of Letters between the Community and South Africa, which provides for the provisional application of a portion of the Agreement on Trade, Development and Cooperation between the European Community and its Member States, on the one part, and the Republic of South Africa, on the other part". Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  33. ↑ "Agreement on Trade, Development and Cooperation between the European Community and its Member States, on the one part, and the Republic of South Africa, on the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  34. ↑ "Free Trade Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Korea, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
  35. ↑ "EUR-Lex - L:2011:127:TOC - EN - EUR-Lex". eur-lex.europa.eu. Retrieved 2015-06-15.
  36. ↑ "Trade agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
  37. ↑ "Agreement between the European Community and its Member States, of the one part, and the Swiss Confederation, of the other, on the Free Movement of Persons". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  38. ↑ "Euro-Mediterranean Agreement establishing an Association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Tunisia, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  39. ↑ Decision No 1/95 of the EC-Turkey Association Council of 22 December 1995 on implementing the final phase of the Customs Union
  40. ↑ "Association Agreement between the European Union and the European Atomic Energy Community and their Member States, of the one part, and Ukraine, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 29 October 2015.
  41. ↑ http://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/documents-publications/treaties-agreements/agreement/?id=2014045
  42. ↑ "Economic Partnership Agreement between the CARIFORUM States, of the one part, and the European Community and its Member States, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  43. ↑ "Interim Agreement establishing a framework for an Economic Partnership Agreement between the Eastern and Southern Africa States, on the one part, and the European Community and its Member States, on the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  44. ↑ "Agreement establishing an Association between the European Union and its Member States, on the one hand, and Central America on the other". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  45. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  46. ↑ EU signs FTA
  47. ↑ "Trade Agreement between the European Union and its Member States, of the one part, and Colombia and Peru, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  48. ↑ EU FTA agreements with Colombia and Central America became effective August first
  49. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  50. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  51. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  52. 1 2 "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  53. ↑ "Ecuador joins EU trade agreement with Colombia and Peru".
  54. ↑ "Notice concerning the provisional application". EUR-Lex. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  55. ↑ "Agreement details". Council of the European Union. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
  56. ↑ "EU Trade Policy with the Andean Community".
  57. ↑ "Canada, EU to provisionally apply CETA in September". CBC News. 8 July 2017. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  58. ↑ "Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) between Canada, of the one part, and the European Union and its Member States, of the other part". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union.
  59. ↑ "In Focus: EU-Canada Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement".
  60. ↑ "EU, Japan conclude world's largest free trade agreement". Reuters Business News. 2017-12-08.
  61. ↑ "EU and Japan sign Economic Partnership Agreement". Trade - European Commission. Retrieved 2018-07-17.
  62. ↑ "Economic Partnership Agreement between the European Union and Japan". Agreements Database, Council of the European Union.
  63. ↑ http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_MEX-18-5867_en.htm
  64. ↑ http://trade.ec.europa.eu/doclib/docs/2009/september/tradoc_144912.pdf
  65. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/west-africa/
  66. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/trade/itemdetail.cfm?item_id=34138&newsletter=230
  67. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/regions/eac/
  68. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/singapore/
  69. ↑ "European Union- Vietnam Free Trade Agreement Vietnam Tariff Tables". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates.
  70. ↑ http://ec.europa.eu/trade/policy/countries-and-regions/countries/vietnam/
  71. ↑ https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=COM:2018:0546:FIN
  72. ↑ European Union Seeks Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Intervention to Resume Trade Talks
  73. ↑ EU keen to restart FTA negotiations with India
  74. ↑ EU Keen to Resume Negotiations on Stalled BTIA With India
  75. ↑ "European Union- Vietnam Free Trade Agreement Chapter 1 to 7". Asiapedia. Dezan Shira and Associates.
  76. ↑ https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asia/eu-to-hit-cambodia-with-trade-sanctions--says-myanmar-may-follow-10795976
  77. ↑ https://money.usnews.com/investing/news/articles/2018-10-05/eu-sends-mission-to-myanmar-to-consider-trade-sanctions
  78. ↑ EU and Australia launch talks for a broad trade agreement, EC Press Release Database. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  79. ↑ "EU and New Zealand launch trade negotiations". Scoop New Zeeland. 21 June 2018. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  80. ↑ http://www.ouest-france.fr/economie/ue-pas-de-traite-commercial-sans-l-accord-des-parlements-nationaux-4994855
  81. ↑ Berlingieri, Giuseppe; Breinlich, Holger; Dhingra, Swati (2018-03-12). "The consumer benefits of trade agreements: Evidence from the EU trade policy". VoxEU.org. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
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