底

See also: 厎
底 U+5E95, 底
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5E95
← 应
[U+5E94] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 庖 →
[U+5E96]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

底 (radical 53, 广+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 戈竹心一 (IHPM) or 戈竹女戈 (IHVI), four-corner 00242, composition ⿸广氐)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 344, character 6
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9262
  • Dae Jaweon: page 653, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 878, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+5E95

Chinese
trad. 底
simp. # 底

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (氐) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
低 *tiːl
氐 *tiːl, *til
袛 *tiːl
羝 *tiːl
眡 *tiːl, *djilʔ
岻 *tiːl, *dil
奃 *tiːl
趆 *tiːl, *tiːls
柢 *tiːl, *tiːlʔ, *tiːls
邸 *tiːlʔ
底 *tiːlʔ
詆 *tiːlʔ, *diːl
坻 *tiːlʔ, *tjelʔ, *dil
抵 *tiːlʔ
牴 *tiːlʔ
觝 *tiːlʔ
弤 *tiːlʔ
軧 *tiːlʔ
骶 *tiːls
砥 *tjelʔ, *tjil, *tjilʔ, *tjils
胝 *til
疷 *til
秪 *til
泜 *dil
蚳 *dil
彽 *dil
阺 *dil
貾 *dil
祗 *tjil
厎 *tjilʔ, *tjɯʔ
茋 *tjilʔ
鴟 *tʰjil
汦 *kjeʔ, *tjil

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *tiːlʔ) : semantic 广 (“building”) + phonetic 氐 (OC *tiːl, *til) – the bottom or base, foundation of a building. Note that 氐 is a figure bowing or stooping, hence connotation of “down”.

Pronunciation 1
Note:
  • tái - vernacular;
  • tí - literary.
Note:
  • dā̤ - vernacular;
  • dī - literary.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • té - literary;
    • tóe - vernacular;
    • tí - vernacular (limited, e.g. 到底).
  • Zhangzhou:
    • té - literary;
    • tí - vernacular (limited, e.g. 到底).
  • Taiwan:
    • té/tóe/tére - vernacular;
    • tí - literary.
Note:
  • doi2/doin2 - vernacular;
  • di2 - literary.
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 底
Mandarin Beijing /ti²¹⁴/
Harbin /ti²¹³/
Tianjin /ti¹³/
Jinan /ti⁵⁵/
Qingdao /ti⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ti⁵³/
Xi'an /ti⁵³/
Xining /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Yinchuan /ti⁵³/
Lanzhou /ti⁴⁴²/
Ürümqi /ti⁵¹/
Wuhan /ti⁴²/
Chengdu /ti⁵³/
Guiyang /ti⁴²/
Kunming /ti⁵³/
Nanjing /ti²¹²/
Hefei /t͡sz̩⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /ti⁵³/
Pingyao /ti⁵³/
Hohhot /ti⁵³/
Wu Shanghai /ti³⁵/
Suzhou /ti⁵¹/
Hangzhou /ti⁵³/
Wenzhou /tei³⁵/
Hui Shexian /ti³⁵/
Tunxi /te³¹/
Xiang Changsha /ti⁴¹/
Xiangtan /ti⁴²/
Gan Nanchang /ti²¹³/
Hakka Meixian /tai³¹/
Taoyuan /tɑi³¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /tɐi³⁵/
Nanning /tɐi²²/
Hong Kong /tɐi³⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /te⁵³/
/tue⁵³/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /tɛ³²/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /tai²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /toi⁵³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ʔdi²¹³/
/ʔdɔi²¹³/
Rime
Character 底
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 齊 (39)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 都禮切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /teiX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /teiX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /tɛiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /tɛjX/
Li
Rong		 /teiX/
Wang
Li		 /tieiX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tieiX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dǐ
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 底
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dǐ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tejX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˁijʔ/
English bottom; stop, obstruct

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 底
Reading # 1/1
No. 2244
Phonetic
component		 氐
Rime
group		 脂
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 邸
Old
Chinese		 /*tiːlʔ/

Definitions

底

  1. bottom; underneath; underside
  2. ground; background
  3. ins and outs; actual situation
  4. master copy
  5. end (of a year or month)
    ⇒ 年底, 月底
    六月底 [Cantonese]  ―  luk6 jyut6 dai2 [Jyutping]  ―  end of June
  6. remnants; remains; leftovers
  7. (Min Nan) inside
  8. (mathematics) base (of triangle, logarithm, etc.)

Compounds
Derived terms from 底

Pronunciation 2

Definitions

底

  1. † possessive particle, equivalent to modern Mandarin 的 (de)

Pronunciation 3

Definitions

底

  1. (Min) which; what

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 哪 (“which”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 何
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 哪
Mandarin Beijing 哪
Taiwan 哪
Cantonese Guangzhou 邊
Hong Kong 邊
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 選
Taishan 哪
Yangjiang 邊
Hakka Miaoli (N. Sixian) 哪
Liudui (S. Sixian) 哪
Hsinchu (Hailu) 哪
Dongshi (Dabu) 哪
Hsinchu (Raoping) 哪
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 哪
Hong Kong 哪
Min Nan Xiamen 佗
Quanzhou 佗
Zhangzhou 佗
Taipei 佗
Kaohsiung 佗
Chaozhou 底
Wu Wenzhou 若, 狃

Compounds
Derived terms from 底

Japanese

Kanji
底

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
底
そこ
Grade: 4
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

底 (hiragana そこ, rōmaji soko)

  1. the bottom
    底 (そこ)に沈 (しず)む
    soko ni shizumu
    sink to the bottom
Derived terms
Antonyms

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
底
てい
Grade: 4
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 底 (tejX).

Pronunciation

Noun

底 (hiragana てい, rōmaji tei)

  1. base of a logarithm

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3

Korean

Hanja

底 • (jeo, ji) (hangeul 저, 지, revised jeo, ji, McCune–Reischauer chŏ, chi)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

底: Hán Nôm readings: để, đáy, đé, đẽ, đây

  1. to place
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