Pike County, Illinois

Pike County is a county in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2010 United States Census, it had a population of 16,430.[1] Its county seat is Pittsfield.[2]

Pike County
County
Location within the U.S. state of Illinois
Illinois's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 39°37′N 90°53′W
Country United States
State Illinois
FoundedJanuary 31, 1821
Named forZebulon Pike
SeatPittsfield
Largest cityPittsfield
Area
 • Total849 sq mi (2,200 km2)
 • Land831 sq mi (2,150 km2)
 • Water18 sq mi (50 km2)  2.1%
Population
 (2010)
 • Total16,430
 • Estimate 
(2018)
15,611
 • Density19/sq mi (7.5/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district18th
Websitewww.pikecountyil.org

History

Pike County was formed in January 1821 out of Madison County. It was named in honor of Zebulon Pike, leader of the Pike Expedition in 1806 to map out the south and west portions of the Louisiana Purchase. Pike served at the Battle of Tippecanoe, and was killed in 1813 in the War of 1812.

Prior to the coming of the first European settler to the future Pike County, French traders, hunters, and travelers passed through the native forests and prairies. Originally Pike County began on the south junction of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers. The east boundary was the Illinois River north to the Kankakee River to the Indiana State line on north to Wisconsin territorial line and then west to the Mississippi River to the original point at the south end. The first county seat was Cole's Grove, a post town, in what later became Calhoun County. The Gazetteer of Illinois and Missouri, published in 1822, mentioned Chicago as "a village of Pike County" containing 12 or 15 houses and about 60 or 70 inhabitants.

The New Philadelphia Town Site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 2009. Founded by Frank McWorter, an early free black settler in Pike County, it was the first town founded by a black man in the United States. McWorter had invested in land there sight unseen after purchasing the first few members of his family out of slavery. In 1836 he founded the town of New Philadelphia, near Barry. He was elected mayor and lived there the rest of his life. With the sale of land, he made enough money to purchase the freedom of his children. After the railroad bypassed the town, its growth slowed and it was eventually abandoned in the 20th century. The town site is now an archaeological site.

In the early 21st century, Pike County acquired notability as a whitetail deer hunting center, especially for bowhunting.

  • Pike County from the time of its creation to 1823
  • Pike County between 1823 and 1825, including unorganized territory temporarily attached to it[3]
  • Pike County in 1825, reduced to its present borders

Geography

According to the US Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 849 square miles (2,200 km2), of which 831 square miles (2,150 km2) is land and 18 square miles (47 km2) (2.1%) is water.[4]

Pike County is located on the highlands between the Illinois River, which forms its eastern border, and the Mississippi River, which borders Missouri. It has two interstate highways, I-72, with bridges spanning both rivers to enter the county, and I-172 which extends about 300 feet (91 m) into the county to its intersection with I-72.

Climate and weather
Pittsfield, Illinois
Climate chart (explanation)
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
 
 
1.7
 
 
33
15
 
 
1.8
 
 
40
20
 
 
3.2
 
 
51
30
 
 
3.9
 
 
64
42
 
 
4.1
 
 
74
52
 
 
3.3
 
 
82
62
 
 
4.1
 
 
86
66
 
 
3
 
 
85
63
 
 
3.2
 
 
78
54
 
 
2.9
 
 
66
43
 
 
3.4
 
 
51
31
 
 
2.6
 
 
38
21
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: The Weather Channel[5]

In recent years, average temperatures in the county seat of Pittsfield have ranged from a low of 15 °F (−9 °C) in January to a high of 86 °F (30 °C) in July, although a record low of −25 °F (−32 °C) was recorded in February 1905 and a record high of 115 °F (46 °C) was recorded in July 1954. Average monthly precipitation ranged from 1.74 inches (44 mm) in January to 4.11 inches (104 mm) in May.[5]

Major highways

Adjacent counties

Pike County is one of the few US counties to border as many as nine counties. Illinois has two – Pike and LaSalle.

National protected area

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
18302,396—
184011,728389.5%
185018,81960.5%
186027,24944.8%
187030,76812.9%
188033,7519.7%
189031,000−8.2%
190031,5951.9%
191028,622−9.4%
192026,866−6.1%
193024,357−9.3%
194025,3404.0%
195022,155−12.6%
196020,552−7.2%
197019,185−6.7%
198018,896−1.5%
199017,577−7.0%
200017,384−1.1%
201016,430−5.5%
Est. 201815,611[6]−5.0%
US Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2013[1]

As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 16,430 people, 6,639 households, and 4,527 families residing in the county.[11] The population density was 19.8 inhabitants per square mile (7.6/km2). There were 7,951 housing units at an average density of 9.6 per square mile (3.7/km2).[4] The racial makeup of the county was 96.9% white, 1.7% black or African American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% American Indian, 0.2% from other races, and 0.7% from two or more races. Those of Hispanic or Latino origin made up 1.0% of the population.[11] In terms of ancestry, 26.3% were German, 16.8% were American, 15.1% were English, and 13.4% were Irish.[12]

Of the 6,639 households, 30.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.5% were married couples living together, 9.0% had a female householder with no husband present, 31.8% were non-families, and 27.8% of all households were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.38 and the average family size was 2.87. The median age was 42.5 years.[11]

The median income for a household in the county was $40,205 and the median income for a family was $50,426. Males had a median income of $39,071 versus $26,835 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,996. About 11.3% of families and 15.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.7% of those under age 18 and 11.2% of those age 65 or over.[13]

Politics

Pike County was reliably Democratic from 1892 through 1948; only 2 Republican Party nominees carried the county vote during that period. However, it was a national bellwether in every presidential election from 1912 to 2004 aside from 1924 & 1988. Since 2000, the county has become a Republican stronghold, with Donald Trump winning it in the 2016 presidential election by a margin of 57.6 points. The county is located in Illinois's 18th Congressional District and is currently represented by Republican Davin LaHood. For the Illinois House of Representatives, the county is located in the 100th district and is currently represented by Republican C.D. Davidsmeyer. The county is located in the 50th district of the Illinois Senate, and is currently represented by Republican William McCann.

Presidential election results
Presidential election results[14]
Year Republican Democratic Third parties
2016 76.4% 5,754 18.8% 1,413 4.8% 363
2012 66.6% 4,860 31.2% 2,278 2.3% 164
2008 58.3% 4,457 39.6% 3,024 2.1% 162
2004 63.1% 5,032 35.7% 2,849 1.2% 99
2000 58.0% 4,706 39.4% 3,198 2.6% 208
1996 40.6% 3,225 45.3% 3,604 14.1% 1,123
1992 37.0% 3,342 44.4% 4,016 18.6% 1,679
1988 46.1% 3,965 53.7% 4,614 0.2% 20
1984 57.0% 5,295 42.7% 3,965 0.3% 25
1980 56.6% 5,301 39.5% 3,695 3.9% 365
1976 49.2% 4,975 49.5% 5,006 1.3% 129
1972 60.2% 5,940 39.4% 3,883 0.4% 40
1968 50.7% 5,035 42.2% 4,191 7.2% 713
1964 38.5% 4,113 61.5% 6,576 0.0% 0
1960 52.2% 5,965 47.8% 5,461 0.1% 10
1956 52.3% 5,920 47.6% 5,382 0.1% 16
1952 55.0% 6,382 45.0% 5,219 0.1% 10
1948 45.0% 4,722 54.1% 5,674 0.9% 98
1944 48.9% 5,633 50.6% 5,833 0.6% 66
1940 45.8% 6,619 53.2% 7,676 1.0% 146
1936 40.0% 5,589 58.6% 8,187 1.4% 198
1932 33.6% 4,181 64.4% 8,013 2.1% 258
1928 61.9% 6,705 37.0% 4,008 1.1% 123
1924 45.6% 4,989 49.6% 5,424 4.9% 530
1920 54.1% 5,564 41.6% 4,279 4.3% 437
1916 41.4% 5,293 54.7% 7,005 3.9% 501
1912 17.7% 1,169 50.9% 3,371 31.5% 2,083
1908 40.4% 2,932 53.1% 3,859 6.5% 474
1904 44.4% 3,007 46.0% 3,112 9.6% 650
1900 38.0% 3,045 58.9% 4,715 3.2% 252
1896 36.3% 3,111 62.1% 5,329 1.6% 139
1892 36.6% 2,751 46.5% 3,494 16.9% 1,268

Communities

Cities

Villages

Town

Unincorporated communities

Ghost towns

Townships

See also

References
  1. "State & County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  2. "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on May 31, 2011. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. White, Jesse. Origin and Evolution of Illinois Counties. State of Illinois, March 2010. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on August 6, 2012. Retrieved September 26, 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  5. "Monthly Averages for Pittsfield IL". The Weather Channel. Archived from the original on October 23, 2012. Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  6. "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Archived from the original on May 29, 2017. Retrieved November 3, 2019.
  7. "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  8. "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Archived from the original on August 11, 2012. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  9. "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on April 24, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  10. "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 18, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2014.
  11. "Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  12. "Selected Social Characteristics in the United States – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  13. "Selected Economic Characteristics – 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates". US Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved July 12, 2015.
  14. Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018.
  15. "New Philadelphia, Illinois, Historical Landscapes". faculty.las.illinois.edu.

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