Rochdale (UK Parliament constituency)

Rochdale
County constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Rochdale in Greater Manchester.
Outline map
Location of Greater Manchester within England.
County Greater Manchester
Electorate 77,699 (December 2010)[1]
Current constituency
Created 1950
Member of parliament Tony Lloyd (Labour)
Number of members One
1832–1950
Number of members One
Type of constituency Borough constituency
Created from Lancashire
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency North West England

Rochdale is a seat represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. It has elected one Member of Parliament (MP) since its 1832 creation.[n 1][n 2]

The constituency is represented by Tony Lloyd of the Labour Party. He was first elected MP for this seat in 2017; previously, he had been the MP for Stretford and then Manchester Central from 1983 until his resignation from Parliament in 2012.

Boundaries

1918-1950: The County Borough of Rochdale.

1950-1983: As prior but with redrawn boundaries.

1983-1997: The Borough of Rochdale wards of Balderstone, Brimrod and Deeplish, Castleton, Central and Falinge, Healey, Newbold, Norden and Bamford, Smallbridge and Wardleworth, and Spotland.

1997-2010: The Borough of Rochdale wards of Balderstone, Brimrod and Deeplish, Central and Falinge, Healey, Littleborough, Newbold, Smallbridge and Wardleworth, Spotland, and Wardle.

2010-present: The Borough of Rochdale wards of Balderstone and Kirkholt, Central Rochdale, Healey, Kingsway, Littleborough Lakeside, Milkstone and Deeplish, Milnrow and Newhey, Smallbridge and Firgrove, Spotland and Falinge, and Wardle and West Littleborough.

The constituency is one of two covering the Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale. It contains most of the town of Rochdale itself as well as Littleborough, Wardle and some of the surrounding rural area.

For the 2010 general election, the seat gained the villages of Milnrow and Newhey from Oldham East and Saddleworth and lost the areas of Sudden, Marland, and part of Norden to Heywood and Middleton, a 19.16% boundary change. Those changes made the seat a notional Labour victory in the Rallings and Thrasher figures[2] which were used by the Press Association for determining gains, losses and swings. However, other predictions by political commentator Martin Baxter[3] showed the seat maintaining a narrow Lib Dem majority.

History

Rochdale was one of the constituencies created by the Reform Act of 1832, and has been a Labour/Liberal Democrat marginal for many years, although it was held by the Conservatives for part of the 1950s, until a 1958 by-election.

It was held for two decades by Cyril Smith, first of the Liberal Party and then of the Liberal Democrats. He won a by-election in 1972, taking the seat from Labour, and held it until his retirement in 1992. A native Rochdalian and a former Labour Party member himself, he had a substantial personal vote which helped him retain his seat. It has since emerged that Smith was a serial child abuser.[4]

After his retirement, contests have been tighter. The Liberal Democrats held the seat at first, with Liz Lynne winning at the 1992 general election, only to lose to Labour's Lorna Fitzsimons at the 1997 election. However, they regained the seat at the 2005 election, with Paul Rowen defeating Fitzsimons. In 2010, the town was brought to national attention when then-Prime Minister Gordon Brown was caught on a tape recording describing a local woman, Gillian Duffy, as a "bigot" after having a conversation with her while campaigning (later described as Bigotgate by the UK media), but despite the unfavourable publicity, Labour still managed to narrowly win the seat from the Liberal Democrats, and in 2015 achieved their highest majority in the seat's history, with the Liberal Democrats falling to fourth place.

Members of Parliament

ElectionMember[5]Party
1832John FentonLiberal
1835John EntwistleConservative
1837John FentonLiberal
1841William Sharman CrawfordRadical[6][7][8]
1852Edward MiallRadical[9][10][11][12]
1857Alexander RamsayConservative[13][14][15]
1859Richard CobdenLiberal
1865Thomas PotterLiberal
1895Clement RoydsConservative
1906Gordon HarveyLiberal
1918Alfred LawUnionist
1922Stanley BurgessLabour
1923Ramsay MuirLiberal
1924William KellyLabour
1931Thomas JessonConservative
1935William KellyLabour
1940Hyacinth MorganLabour
1950Joseph HaleLabour
1951Wentworth SchofieldConservative
1958Jack McCannLabour
1972Cyril SmithLiberal
1988 Liberal Democrats
1992Liz LynneLiberal Democrats
1997Lorna FitzsimonsLabour
2005Paul RowenLiberal Democrats
2010 Simon Danczuk Labour
2015 Independent[16]
2017Tony LloydLabour

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2017: Rochdale[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Tony Lloyd 29,035 58.0 +11.9
Conservative Jane Howard 14,216 28.4 +11.4
Liberal Democrat Andy Kelly 4,027 8.0 -2.2
UKIP Christopher Baksa 1,641 3.3 -15.5
Independent Simon Danczuk 883 1.8 N/A
Greater Manchester Homeless Voice Andy Littlewood 242 0.5 N/A
Majority 14,819 29.6 +2.2
Turnout 50,044 64.1 +6.0
Labour hold Swing
General Election 2015: Rochdale[18][19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Simon Danczuk 20,961 46.1 +9.8
UKIP Mohammed Masud 8,519 18.8 +14.4
Conservative Azi Ahmed 7,742 17.0 -1.0
Liberal Democrat Andy Kelly 4,667 10.3 -24.2
Rochdale First Farooq Ahmed 1,535 3.4 New
Green Mark Hollinrake 1,382 3.0 New
National Front Kevin Bryan 433 1.0 -3.9
Islam Zinda Baad Platform Mohammed Salim 191 0.4 -0.8
Majority 12,442 27.4 +25.5
Turnout 45,430 57.4 -0.7
Labour hold Swing -2.3
General Election 2010: Rochdale[20][21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Simon Danczuk 16,699 36.4 −4.5
Liberal Democrat Paul Rowen 15,810 34.4 −6.1
Conservative Mudasir Dean 8,305 18.1 +7.6
National Front Chris Jackson 2,236 4.9 New
UKIP Colin Denby 1,999 4.4 +3.0
Islam Zinda Baad Platform Mohammed Salim 545 1.2 +0.3
Independent John Whitehead 313 0.7 New
Majority 889 1.9 +1.6
Turnout 45,907 58.1 +0.9
Labour hold Swing

Note: boundary changes prior to the 2010 election made Rochdale a notionally Labour MP-held seat.

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: Rochdale[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Democrat Paul Rowen 16,787 41.1 +6.2
Labour Lorna Fitzsimons 16,345 40.0 −9.2
Conservative Khalid Hussain 4,270 10.5 −2.9
BNP Derek Adams 1,773 4.3 +2.9
UKIP John Whittaker 499 1.2
Green Samir Chatterjee 448 1.1 −0.7
Islam Zinda Baad Platform Mohammed Salim 361 0.9
Veritas Carl Faulkner 353 0.9
Majority 444 1.1
Turnout 40,834 58.4 +1.7
Liberal Democrat gain from Labour Swing +7.7
General Election 2001: Rochdale[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Lorna Fitzsimons 19,406 49.2 −0.2
Liberal Democrat Paul Rowen 13,751 34.9 −5.1
Conservative Elaina Cohen 5,274 13.4 +4.6
Green Nick Harvey 728 1.8 N/A
Independent Mohammed Salim 253 0.6 +0.2
Majority 5,655 14.3
Turnout 39,412 56.7 −13.3
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1990s

General Election 1997: Rochdale[24][25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Lorna Fitzsimons 23,758 49.4
Liberal Democrat Liz Lynne 19,213 40.0
Conservative Mervyn Turnberg 4,237 8.8
BNP Gary Bergin 653 1.4 +0.2
Islam Zinda Baad Platform Mohammed Salim 221 0.5
Majority 4,545 9.4
Turnout 48,082 70.0
Labour gain from Liberal Democrat Swing +4.8
General Election 1992: Rochdale[26][27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Democrat Liz Lynne 22,776 42.8 −0.6
Labour David Williams 20,937 39.4 +1.4
Conservative Duncan Goldie-Scott 8,626 16.2 −2.4
BNP Ken Henderson 620 1.2 N/A
Natural Law Vincent J. Lucker 221 0.4 N/A
Majority 1,839 3.5 −1.9
Turnout 53,170 76.5 +1.9
Liberal Democrat hold Swing −1.0

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1987: Rochdale[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 22,245 43.4 −2.7
Labour Arthur Williams 19,466 38.0 +7.9
Conservative Clive Condie 9,561 18.6 −3.7
Majority 2,779 5.4 −10.6
Turnout 51,272 74.6 +3.8
Liberal hold Swing −5.3
General Election 1983: Rochdale[29]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 21,858 46.1 +1.1
Labour Valerie E. Broon 14,271 30.1 −4.2
Conservative Alan D'A. Fearn 10,616 22.4 +3.1
National Front Peter Barker 463 1.0 -0.4
Unemployed Party Peter B. Courtney 204 0.4 N/A
Majority 7,587 16.0 +5.3
Turnout 47,412 70.8 -2.9
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1979: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 22,172 45.0
Labour John Connell 16,878 34.3
Conservative Iain Picton 9,494 19.3
National Front James Merrick 690 1.4
Majority 5,294 10.8
Turnout 73.66
Liberal hold Swing
General Election October 1974: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 20,092 42.66
Labour John Connell 17,339 36.81
Conservative Rochfort Young 7,740 16.43
National Front Michael W. Sellors 1,927 4.09
Majority 2,753 5.85
Turnout 70.27
Liberal hold Swing
General Election February 1974: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 25,266 49.11
Labour Lawrence Cunliffe 16,367 31.81
Conservative Lillian Green 7,933 15.42
National Front Michael W. Sellors 1,885 3.66
Majority 8,899 17.30
Turnout 77.38
Liberal hold Swing
Rochdale by-election, 1972
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Cyril Smith 19,296 42.29 +11.89
Labour Lawrence Cunliffe 14,203 31.12 -10.45
Conservative David Trippier 8,060 17.66 -10.37
Independent James Merrick 4,074 8.93 N/A
Majority 5,093 11.16 N/A
Turnout 69.1 -3.7
Registered electors 66,081
Liberal gain from Labour Swing
General Election 1970: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Jack McCann 19,247 41.57 -10.82
Liberal Cyril Smith 14,076 30.40 +11.13
Conservative Mark Andrew 12,978 28.03 -0.30
Majority 5,171 11.17 -12.89
Turnout 72.86
Labour hold Swing n/a

Elections in the 1960s

General Election 1966: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Jack McCann 24,481 52.39
Conservative Edward G.L. Collins 13,239 28.33
Liberal Beatrice Seear 9,004 19.27
Majority 11,242 24.06
Turnout 78.96
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1964: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Jack McCann 22,927 46.69
Liberal Thomas Lyrian Hobday 14,212 28.94
Conservative Tom Normanton 11,968 24.37
Majority 8,715 17.75
Turnout 82.26
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1959: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Jack McCann 21,689 41.47 -6.98
Liberal Ludovic Kennedy 18,949 36.23 N/A
Conservative Tom Normanton 11,665 22.30 -29.25
Majority 2,740 5.24
Turnout 85.47
Labour hold Swing
Rochdale by-election, 1958
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Jack McCann 22,133 44.66 −3.79
Liberal Ludovic Kennedy 17,603 35.52 N/A
Conservative John E. Parkinson 9,827 19.83 −31.72
Majority 4,530 9.14
Turnout 49,563
Labour gain from Conservative Swing +14.0
General Election 1955: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Wentworth Schofield 26,518 51.55 +1.14
Labour Jack McCann 24,928 48.45 −1.14
Majority 1,590 3.10 +2.28
Turnout 51,446 82.8 −2.8
Conservative hold Swing +1.1
General Election 1951: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Wentworth Schofield 27,797 50.41
Labour Joseph Hale 27,343 49.59
Majority 454 0.82
Turnout 85.66
Conservative gain from Labour Swing
General Election 1950: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Joseph Hale 25,484 44.92
Conservative Wentworth Schofield 21,208 37.38
Liberal Roger Fulford 10,042 17.70
Majority 4,276 7.54
Turnout 87.90
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Hyacinth Morgan 22,047 44.89
Conservative Edward May Nicol 16,852 34.31
Liberal Charles Gordon Cummins Harvey 10,211 20.79
Majority 5,195 10.58
Turnout 80.68
Labour hold Swing
Rochdale by-election, 1940
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Hyacinth Morgan Unopposed
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1935: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Kelly 22,281 41.20
Conservative W. Gordon Murray 20,486 37.88
Liberal Elliott Dodds 11,311 20.92
Majority 1,795 3.32
Turnout 84.69
Labour gain from Conservative Swing
General Election 1931: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Thomas Jesson 25,346 45.06
Labour William Kelly 18,329 32.59
Liberal Elliott Dodds 12,572 22.35
Majority 7,017 12.48
Turnout 88.79
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1929: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Kelly 22,060 40.2 +6.4
Liberal Ramsay Muir 16,957 30.8 -2.7
Unionist John Haslam 15,962 29.0 -3.7
Majority 5,103 9.4 +9.1
Turnout 54,979 87.6 -2.7
Labour hold Swing +4.5
General Election 1924: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Kelly 14,609 33.8 +1.2
Liberal Ramsay Muir 14,492 33.5 -2.9
Unionist Thomas Jesson 14,112 32.7 +1.7
Majority 117 0.3
Turnout 43,213 90.3 +2.5
Labour gain from Liberal Swing
General Election 1923: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Ramsay Muir 15,087 36.4 +7.2
Labour Stanley Burgess 13,525 32.6 -6.2
Unionist Nicholas Cockshutt 12,845 31.0 -1.0
Majority 1,562 3.8 10.6
Turnout 41,457 87.8 +0.7
Liberal gain from Labour Swing
General Election 1922: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Stanley Burgess 15,774 38.8 +22.3
Unionist Alfred Law 13,006 32.0 -15.6
Liberal Ramsay Muir 11,894 29.2 +7.7
Majority 2,768 6.8
Turnout 40,674 87.1 +22.6
Labour gain from Unionist Swing

Elections in the 1910s

Phillipps
General Election 1918: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
C Unionist Alfred Law 14,299 47.6 +6.7
Liberal Vivian Phillipps 6,452 21.5 -23.1
Labour R. H. Tawney 4,956 16.5
National Democratic John Joseph Terrett 2,358 7.8
National John Fitzgerald Jones 1,992 6.6
Majority 7,847 26.1
Turnout 30,057 64.5 -28.5
Unionist gain from Liberal Swing
C indicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.
General Election December 1910: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Gordon Harvey 5,373 44.6 -4.2
Conservative Nicholas Cockshutt 4,850 40.9 +2.3
Social Democratic Federation Dan Irving 1,901 14.5 +1.9
Majority 477 3.7 -6.5
Turnout 11,124 88.0 -5.5
Liberal hold Swing
General Election January 1910: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Gordon Harvey 6,809 48.8 +2.9
Conservative William Boyd Boyd-Carpenter 5,581 38.6 +2.0
Social Democratic Federation Dan Irving 1,755 12.6
Majority 1,428 10.2 -1.1
Turnout 13,945 93.5 +0.5
Liberal hold Swing

Elections in the 1900s

General Election 1906: Rochdale[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Gordon Harvey 5,912 45.9 +0.0
Conservative Clement Royds 4,449 34.6 −11.5
Independent Labour S. G. Hobson 2,506 19.5 N/A
Majority 1,463 11.3 N/A
Turnout 12,867 93.0 +5.9
Registered electors 13,831
Liberal gain from Conservative Swing +5.8
General Election 1900: Rochdale[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Clement Royds 5,204 46.1 +0.0
Liberal Gordon Harvey 5,185 45.9 +4.0
Labour Repr. Cmte. C. Allen Clarke 901 8.0 N/A
Majority 19 0.2 -4.0
Turnout 11,290 87.1 -1.1
Registered electors 12,968
Conservative hold Swing −2.0

Elections in the 1890s

General Election 1895: Rochdale[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Clement Royds 4,781 46.1 +1.0
Liberal William Leatham Bright 4,359 41.9 -13.0
Ind. Labour Party George Barnes 1,251 12.0 N/A
Majority 422 4.2 N/A
Turnout 10,391 88.2 +2.4
Registered electors 11,782
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing +7.0
General Election 1892: Rochdale[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 5,460 54.9 -2.7
Conservative Clement Royds 4,480 45.1 +2.7
Majority 980 9.8 -5.4
Turnout 9,940 85.8 +9.8
Registered electors 11,584
Liberal hold Swing −2.7

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1886: Rochdale
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 4,738 57.6 +1.9
Conservative John Marriott 3,481 42.4 -1.9
Majority 1,257 15.2 +3.8
Turnout 9,969 76.0 -16.2
Registered electors 10,808
Liberal hold Swing +1.9
General Election 1885: Rochdale[30]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 5,552 55.7 −4.5
Conservative Elliot Lees 4,417 44.3 +4.5
Majority 1,135 11.4 −8.9
Turnout 9,969 92.2 +8.7
Registered electors 10,808
Liberal hold Swing −4.5
General Election 1880: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 5,614 60.2 +7.3
Conservative Richard Wilson Gamble[32] 3,716 39.8 −7.3
Majority 1,898 20.3 +14.4
Turnout 9,330 83.5 +1.4
Registered electors 11,172
Liberal hold Swing +7.3

Elections in the 1870s

General Election 1874: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 4,498 52.9 −4.8
Conservative Richard Wilson Gamble[32] 3,998 47.1 +4.8
Majority 500 5.9 −9.4
Turnout 8,496 82.1 −1.2
Registered electors 10,352
Liberal hold Swing −4.8

Elections in the 1860s

General Election 1868: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 4,455 57.7 N/A
Conservative William Whitworth Schofield[33] 3,270 42.3 N/A
Majority 1,185 15.3 N/A
Turnout 7,725 83.2 N/A
Registered electors 9,280
Liberal hold Swing N/A
General Election 1865: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter Unopposed
Registered electors 1,358
Liberal hold
By-election, 15 April 1865: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Thomas Potter 646 56.6 N/A
Conservative William Brett 496 43.4 N/A
Majority 150 13.1 N/A
Turnout 1,142 84.1 N/A
Registered electors 1,358
Liberal hold Swing N/A
  • Caused by Cobden's death.

Elections in the 1850s

General Election 1859: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Richard Cobden Unopposed
Registered electors 1,340
Liberal gain from Conservative
General Election 1857: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Alexander Ramsay 532 52.2 +10.7
Radical Edward Miall 488 47.8 −10.7
Majority 44 4.3 N/A
Turnout 1,020 81.3 +3.4
Registered electors 1,255
Conservative gain from Radical Swing +10.7
General Election 1852: Rochdale[31]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Radical Edward Miall 529 58.5 N/A
Conservative Alexander Ramsay 375 41.5 N/A
Majority 154 17.0 N/A
Turnout 904 77.9 N/A
Registered electors 1,160
Radical hold Swing N/A

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. ↑ A county constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
References
  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ Press Association Notional 2005 election results
  3. ↑ Martin Baxter's Electoral Calculus
  4. ↑ "Sir Cyril Smith: Former MP sexually abused boys, police say". BBC News. 27 November 2012.
  5. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "R" (part 1)
  6. ↑ "William Sharman Crawford (1781–1861; Irish politician)". Manuscripts and Special Collections. University of Nottingham. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  7. ↑  Lee, Sidney (1888). "Crawford, William Sharman". In Stephen, Leslie. Dictionary of National Biography. 13. London: Smith, Elder & Co. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  8. ↑ Navickas, Katrina (2016). Protest and the Politics of Space and Place, 1789–1848. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 172. ISBN 978-0-7190-9705-8. Retrieved 1 July 2018 – via Google Books.
  9. ↑ Newton, J. S. (1975). The political career of Edward Miall, editor of the nonconformist and founder of the liberation society (PDF) (PhD). Durham University. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  10. ↑ Brennan, Michael Joseph (2013). Civic and municipal leadership: a study of three northern towns between 1832 and 1867 (PDF) (PhD). University of Leeds. p. 60. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  11. ↑ "Edward Miall: Obituary". Bradford Observer. 30 April 1881. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  12. ↑  Hamilton, John Andrew (1894). "Miall, Edward". In Lee, Sidney. Dictionary of National Biography. 37. London: Smith, Elder & Co. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  13. ↑ Fisher, David R. (2009). "RAMSAY, Sir Alexander, 2nd bt. (1785–1852), of Balmain, Fasque, Kincardine". The History of Parliament. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  14. ↑ "General Election". Saunders's News-Letter. 28 March 1857. p. 1. Retrieved 1 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  15. ↑ "Election News". Stroud Journal. 14 March 1857. p. 6. Retrieved 1 July 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  16. ↑ "Labour's Simon Danczuk suspended". BBC News. Retrieved 3 January 2016.
  17. ↑ Rochdale Borough Council (PDF) http://www.rochdale.gov.uk/pdf/2017-05-11-persons-nominated-roch-v1.pdf. Retrieved 12 May 2017. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  18. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  19. ↑ "Rochdale". BBC News. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
  20. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  21. ↑ BBC - Election 2010 - Rochdale
  22. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  24. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  25. ↑ "Rochdale". ElectionWeb Project. Cognitive Computing Limited. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
  26. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  27. ↑ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
  28. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  29. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  30. 1 2 3 4 5 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  31. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book)|format= requires |url= (help) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  32. 1 2 "Polling To-Day". Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer. 31 March 1880. p. 6. Retrieved 10 December 2017 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).
  33. ↑ "Rochdale Observer". 4 November 1868. p. 4. Retrieved 17 March 2018 – via British Newspaper Archive. (Subscription required (help)).

Sources

Coordinates: 53°37′N 2°10′W / 53.61°N 2.16°W / 53.61; -2.16

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