Manchester Gorton (UK Parliament constituency)

Manchester, Gorton
Borough constituency
for the House of Commons
Outline map
Boundary of Manchester Gorton in Greater Manchester in 2010.
Outline map
Location of Greater Manchester within England.
County Greater Manchester
Electorate 74,681 (December 2010)[1]
Current constituency
Created 1918
Member of parliament Afzal Khan (Labour)
Number of members One
Overlaps
European Parliament constituency North West England
South East Lancashire Gorton
Former County constituency
for the House of Commons
1885–1918
Number of members one
Created from South East Lancashire

Manchester Gorton is a constituency[n 1] represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Labour's Afzal Khan, who was elected at the 2017 general election.

History

The Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 divided the existing seat of South East Lancashire into eight single-member constituencies, an Act which significantly increased representation across Britain.

Manchester Gorton has returned MPs from the Labour Party since 1935, with majorities exceeding 17% since 1979. The 2015 general election result made the seat the eighth-safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.[2]

From 1983-2017, Sir Gerald Kaufman, Father of the House of Commons, represented the constituency. His death in February 2017 triggered a by-election which was due to be held on 4 May 2017, but this was subsequently countermanded (that is, cancelled) after the House of Commons voted for a snap general election to be held on 8 June 2017.[3][n 2] At that election, the Conservatives returned their lowest vote share for any seat in Great Britain, at 7.3%.[4]

Historic boundaries

1885–1918

South-East Lancashire, Gorton Division consisted of the area of the Gorton Local Board and the townships or parishes of Denton, Haughton, and Openshaw. The constituency comprised an area bounded on the west by the city of Manchester and to the east and south by the county boundary with Cheshire.[5] In 1890, Manchester's municipal boundaries were extended to include Gorton and Openshaw, although constituency boundaries remained unchanged until 1918.[6]

1918–1950

The Representation of the People Act 1918 reorganised parliamentary seats throughout Great Britain. The redistribution reflected the boundary changes of 1890, with Gorton becoming a division of the parliamentary borough of Manchester. The Manchester, Gorton Division comprised three wards of the county borough of Manchester: Gorton North, Gorton South and Openshaw. Denton and Haughton, which together had formed Denton Urban District in 1894, were transferred to the Mossley Division of Lancashire.[6][7]

1950–1955

The next redrawing of English constituencies was effected by the Representation of the People Act 1948. The Act introduced the term "borough constituency", with Manchester Gorton Borough Constituency now consisting of four wards of the city: Gorton North, Gorton South, Levenshulme and Openshaw.[8] Levenshulme was transferred from the abolished Manchester Rusholme seat.[6] The revised boundaries were first used at the 1950 general election.

1955–1983

In 1955 boundary changes were made based on the recommendations of the Boundary Commission appointed under the House of Commons (Redistribution of Seats) Act 1949. The constituency was redefined as consisting of the Gorton North and Gorton South wards of the county borough and the two neighbouring urban districts of Audenshaw and Denton in the administrative county of Lancashire. Levenshulme passed to Manchester Withington while Openshaw formed the core of a new Manchester Openshaw seat.[9]

1983–2010

The 1983 redistribution of seats reflected local government reforms made in 1974. Manchester Gorton became a borough constituency in the parliamentary county of Greater Manchester. The constituency was redefined as comprising six wards of the Metropolitan district and City of Manchester, namely: Fallowfield, Gorton North, Gorton South, Levenshulme, Longsight and Rusholme.[10] The constituency was unaltered at the next redistribution prior to the 1997 general election.[11]

2010–2018

From the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies the seat had wards (since the 2010 general election) of: Fallowfield, Gorton North, Gorton South, Levenshulme, Longsight, Rusholme and Whalley Range.[12]

Boundaries

Manchester Gorton's wards

From the boundary review by the Local Government Boundary Commission for England (LGBCE) the previous electoral wards of Gorton North and Gorton South were merged to create a new ward, Gorton and Abbey Hey.[13]

The list of wards for the local elections 2018 onwards are: Fallowfield, Gorton and Abbey Hey, Levenshulme, Longsight, Rusholme and Whalley Range.[13]

Members of Parliament

YearMember[14]PartyNotes
1885 Richard Peacock Liberal
1889 by-election William Mather Liberal
1895 Ernest Hatch Conservative
1905–Mr Hatch crossed floor[15] Liberal
1906 John Hodge Labour
1923 Joseph Compton Labour
1931 Eric Bailey Conservative
1935 Joseph Compton Labour
1937 by-election William Wedgewood Benn Labour
1942 by-election William Oldfield Labour
1955 Konni Zilliacus Labour
1967 by-election Kenneth Marks Labour
1983 Sir Gerald Kaufman Labour Died February 2017; by-election was called, but countermanded due to snap general election.
2017 Afzal Khan Labour Shadow Immigration Minister

Elections

Elections in the 2010s

General Election 2017: Manchester Gorton[16]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Afzal Khan 35,085 76.3 Increase9.3
Conservative Shaden Jaradat 3,355 7.3 Decrease2.4
Independent George Galloway 2,615 5.7 N/A
Liberal Democrat Jackie Pearcey 2,597 5.7 Increase1.4
Green Jess Mayo 1,038 2.3 Decrease7.5
UKIP Phil Eckersley 952 2.1 Decrease6.1
Christian Peoples Kemi Abidogun 233 0.5 N/A
Independent David Hopkins 51 0.1 N/A
Communist League Peter Clifford 27 0.1 N/A
Majority 31,730 69.0 Increase11.7
Turnout 45,953 61.0 Increase3.4
Labour hold Swing Increase5.9

These are the same as the candidates who were to stand at the cancelled 2017 by-election, except for an Official Monster Raving Loony Party candidate and another independent, who did not stand at the general election.

General Election 2015: Manchester Gorton[17][18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 28,187 67.1 +17.0
Green Laura Bannister 4,108 9.8 +7.0
Conservative Mohammed Afzal 4,063 9.7 -1.4
UKIP Phil Eckersley 3,434 8.2 N/A
Liberal Democrat Dave Page 1,782 4.2 -28.4
TUSC Simon Hickman 264 0.6 -0.3
Pirate Cris Chesha 181 0.4 -0.2
Majority 24,079 57.3 +39.8
Turnout 42,019 57.6 +7.1
Labour hold Swing +5.0
General Election 2010: Manchester Gorton[19][20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 19,211 50.1 −3.0
Liberal Democrat Qassim Afzal 12,508 32.6 −0.9
Conservative Caroline Healy 4,224 11.0 +1.2
Green Justine Hall 1,048 2.7 N/A
Respect Mohammed Zulfikar 507 1.3 N/A
TUSC Karen Reissman 337 0.9 N/A
Christian Peter Harrison 254 0.7 N/A
Pirate Tim Dobson 236 0.6 N/A
Majority 6,703 17.5 −2.1
Turnout 38,325 50.5 +4.7
Labour hold Swing −1.1

Elections in the 2000s

General Election 2005: Manchester Gorton[21]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 15,480 53.2 −9.6
Liberal Democrat Qassim Afzal 9,672 33.2 +11.9
Conservative Amanda Byrne 2,848 9.8 −0.1
UKIP Gregg Beaman 783 2.7 +1.0
Workers Revolutionary Dan Waller 181 0.6 N/A
Resolutionist Party Matthew Kay 159 0.5 N/A
Majority 5,808 19.9
Turnout 29,123 45.0 +2.3
Labour hold Swing −10.8
General Election 2001: Manchester Gorton[22]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 17,099 62.8 −2.5
Liberal Democrat Jacqueline M. Pearcey 5,795 21.3 +3.8
Conservative Christopher Causer 2,705 9.9 −1.8
Green Bruce Bingham 835 3.1 +2.2
UKIP Rashid Bhatti 462 1.7 N/A
Socialist Labour Kirsty Muir 333 1.2 −0.2
Majority 11,304 41.5
Turnout 42.7 −12.9
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1990s

Changes in vote compared with notional figures for 1997 election following boundary changes.

General Election 1997: Manchester Gorton[23]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 23,704 65.3 +2.9
Liberal Democrat Jackie Pearcey 6,362 17.5 +3.5
Conservative Guy Senior 4,249 11.7 −7.8
Referendum Kevin Hartley 812 2.2 N/A
Green Spencer FitzGibbon 683 1.9 +0.3
Socialist Labour Trevor Wongsam 501 1.4 N/A
Majority 17,342 47.8
Turnout 36,311 55.6 −5.2
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1992: Manchester, Gorton[24][25]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 23,671 62.3 +7.9
Conservative Jonathan Bullock 7,392 19.5 −3.8
Liberal Democrat Phil Harris 5,327 14.0 −7.7
Liberal Terry Henderson 767 2.0 −19.7
Green Mike Daw 595 1.6 N/A
Revolutionary Communist Pam Lawrence 108 0.3 N/A
Natural Law Philip D. Mitchell 84 0.2 N/A
International Communist Colleen E. Smith 30 0.1 N/A
Majority 16,279 42.9 +11.8
Turnout 37,974 60.8 −9.6
Labour hold Swing +5.9

Elections in the 1980s

General Election 1987: Manchester Gorton[26]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 24,615 54.40
Conservative John Kershaw 10,550 23.32
Liberal Keith Whitmore 9,830 21.72
Red Front Pam Lawrence 253 0.56
Majority 14,065 31.08
Turnout 70.43
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1983: Manchester Gorton[27]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Gerald Kaufman 22,460 51.20
Conservative John Kershaw 12,495 28.48
Liberal Keith Whitmore 8,348 19.03
Communist Malcolm Cowle 333 0.76
BNP Leslie Andrews 231 0.53
Majority 9,965 22.72
Turnout 67.86
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1970s

General Election 1979: Manchester Gorton
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Kenneth Marks 22,293 53.54
Conservative Michael Lord 16,009 38.45
Liberal Graham Shaw 2,867 6.89
National Front Richard Chadfield 469 1.13
Majority 6,284 15.09
Turnout 77.19
Labour hold Swing
General Election October 1974: Manchester Gorton
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Kenneth Marks 21,287 53.63
Conservative Stephen Waley-Cohen 12,423 31.30
Liberal A. Cottam 5,984 15.08
Majority 8,864 22.33
Turnout 70.94
Labour hold Swing
General Election February 1974: Manchester Gorton
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Kenneth Marks 22,276 51.23
Conservative Stephen Waley-Cohen 13,300 30.59
Liberal Robert Brooks 7,906 18.18
Majority 8,976 20.64
Turnout 78.35
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1970: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Kenneth Marks 23,679 53.47
Conservative John A. Kevill 17,594 39.73
Liberal James M. Ashley 3,013 6.80
Majority 6,085 13.74
Turnout 71.90
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1960s

Manchester Gorton by-election, 1967[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Kenneth Marks 19,259 45.89 -14.21
Conservative Winston Churchill 18,682 44.51 +4.61
Liberal Terry Lacey 2,471 5.89 N/A
All Party Alliance John Creasey 1,123 2.68 N/A
Communist Victor Eddisford 437 1.04 N/A
Majority 557 1.38
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1966: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Konni Zilliacus 24,726 60.10
Conservative Ian Keith Paley 16,418 39.90
Majority 8,308 20.19
Turnout 72.56
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1964: Manchester, Gorton[29][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Konni Zilliacus 23,895 55.11
Conservative Edwin Hodson 19,465 44.89
Majority 4,430 10.22
Turnout 76.44
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1950s

General Election 1959: Manchester, Gorton[30][28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Konni Zilliacus 23,337 50.94
Conservative Donald Henry Moore 22,480 49.06
Majority 857 1.87
Turnout 82.04
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1955: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Konni Zilliacus 21,102 50.32
Conservative K. Bruce Campbell 20,833 49.68
Majority 269 0.64
Turnout 76.49
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1951: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Oldfield 28,763 58.02
Conservative Squire Horace Garlick 20,815 41.98
Majority 7,948 16.03
Turnout 82.31
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1950: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Oldfield 28,088 55.18
Conservative James Watts 18,564 36.47
Liberal Abram Maxwell Caplin 3,377 6.63
Communist Syd Abbott[31] 873 1.72
Majority 9,524 18.71
Turnout 85.49
Labour hold Swing

Elections in the 1940s

General Election 1945: Manchester, Gorton[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Oldfield 24,095 69.05 n/a
Conservative Harry Sharp 10,799 30.95 n/a
Majority 13,296 38.10 n/a
Turnout 75.53 n/a
Labour hold Swing n/a
Manchester Gorton by-election, 1942
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Oldfield Unopposed n/a n/a
Labour hold Swing n/a

Elections in the 1930s

Manchester Gorton by-election, 1937[28]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour William Wedgewood Benn 17,849 57.69 +1.83
Conservative Alexander Spearman 13,091 42.31 -1.83
Majority 4,758
Turnout
Labour hold Swing
General Election 1935: Manchester, Gorton
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Joseph Compton 20,039 55.86
Conservative Eric Bailey 15,833 44.14
Majority 4,206 11.73
Turnout 77.12
Labour gain from Conservative Swing
General Election 1931: Manchester, Gorton
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Eric Bailey 21,228 55.1
Labour Joseph Compton 16,316 42.3
Communist Chris Flanagan 1,000 2.6
Majority 4,912 12.7
Turnout 81.9
Conservative gain from Labour Swing

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1929: Manchester Gorton [32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Joseph Compton 22,056 61.1 +5.1
Unionist Alfred Critchley 10,664 29.5 −14.5
Liberal Beatrice Annie Bayfield 3,385 9.4 N/A
Majority 11,392 31.6 +19.6
Turnout 36,105 81.5 +1.0
Registered electors 44,300
Labour hold Swing +9.8
General Election 1924: Manchester Gorton [32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Joseph Compton 16,383 56.0 −4.0
Unionist B.C. Sellars 12,898 44.0 +4.0
Majority 3,485 12.0 −8.0
Turnout 29,281 80.5 +6.0
Registered electors 36,378
Labour hold Swing −4.0
General Election 1923: Manchester Gorton [32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Joseph Compton 16,080 60.0 +6.4
Unionist William Heap 10,702 40.0 −6.4
Majority 5,378 20.0 +12.8
Turnout 26,782 74.5 −4.5
Registered electors 35,963
Labour hold Swing +4.0
General Election 1922: Manchester Gorton [32]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour John Hodge 15,058 53.6 −13.8
Unionist William Heap 13,057 46.4 N/A
Majority 8,042 7.2 −38.3
Turnout 28,115 79.0 +21.0
Registered electors 35,567
Labour hold Swing N/A

Election in 1918

General Election 1918: Manchester Gorton [33][34][35]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour John Hodge 13,047 67.4 +15.2
Independent Unionist Henry White 5,005 25.9 N/A
Socialist Labour J. T. Murphy 1,300 6.7 N/A
Majority 8,042 41.6 +37.2
Turnout 19,352 58.0 −24.7
Registered electors 33,382
Labour hold Swing N/A
  • Although Hodge was a member of the Coalition Government, no official Coalition Government endorsement was sent to any candidate

Election results for South-East Lancashire, Gorton Division

Elections in the 1910s

Expected General Election 1914/15: Under the terms of the Parliament Act 1911 a General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;

In the event, the election was postponed on the outbreak of the Great War.

General Election December 1910: Gorton [37][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour John Hodge 7,840 52.2 +0.6
Conservative Henry White 7,187 47.8 −0.6
Majority 653 4.4 +1.2
Turnout 15,027 82.7 −0.6
Registered electors 18,175
Labour hold Swing +0.6
General Election January 1910: Gorton [39][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour John Hodge 7,807 51.6 −14.8
Conservative Henry White 7,334 48.4 +14.8
Majority 473 3.2 −29.6
Turnout 15,141 83.3 +5.3
Registered electors 18,175
Labour hold Swing −14.8

Elections in the 1900s

Hodge
General Election 1906: Gorton [40][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Labour Repr. Cmte. John Hodge 8,566 66.4 +18.8
Conservative SW Royce 4,341 33.6 −18.8
Majority 4,225 32.8 N/A
Turnout 12,907 78.0 +2.2
Registered electors 16,547
Labour Repr. Cmte. gain from Conservative Swing +18.8

Mr Hatch crossed the floor of the House of Commons to sit with the Liberals, around February 1905.[15]

Ward
General Election 1900: Gorton [40][41][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Ernest Hatch 5,761 52.4 −5.5
Lib-Lab W. Ward 5,241 47.6 N/A
Majority 520 4.8 −11.0
Turnout 11,002 75.8 −2.3
Registered electors 14,511
Conservative hold Swing N/A

Elections in the 1890s

Hatch
General Election 1895: Gorton [40][41][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Conservative Ernest Hatch 5,865 57.9 +9.0
Ind. Labour Party Richard Pankhurst 4,261 42.1 N/A
Majority 1,604 15.8 N/A
Turnout 10,126 78.1 −9.2
Registered electors 14,511
Conservative gain from Liberal Swing N/A
General Election 1892: Gorton [40][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Mather 5,255 51.1 −1.5
Conservative Ernest Hatch 5,033 48.9 +1.5
Majority 222 2.2 −3.0
Turnout 10,288 87.3 +2.9
Registered electors 11,782
Liberal hold Swing −1.5

Elections in the 1880s

Mather
By-election, 22 Mar 1889: Gorton[42][38]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal William Mather 5,155 54.5
Conservative Ernest Hatch 4,309 45.5 −1.9
Majority 846 9.0 +3.8
Turnout 9,464 88.7 +4.3
Registered electors 10,674
Liberal hold Swing +1.9
  • Caused by Peacock's death.
General Election 1886: Gorton [38][40]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Richard Peacock 4,592 52.6 −8.0
Conservative Arthur George Egerton 4,135 47.4 +8.0
Majority 457 5.2 −16.0
Turnout 8,727 84.4 -0.3
Registered electors 10,334
Liberal hold Swing −.8.0
General Election 1885: Gorton[38][40][43]
Party Candidate Votes % ±
Liberal Richard Peacock 5,300 60.6 N/A
Conservative Daniel Irvine Flattely 3,452 39.4 N/A
Majority 1,848 21.2 N/A
Turnout 8,752 84.7 N/A
Registered electors 10,334
Liberal win (new seat)

See also

Notes and references

Notes
  1. ↑ A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)
  2. ↑ As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
References
  1. ↑ "Electorate Figures - Boundary Commission for England". 2011 Electorate Figures. Boundary Commission for England. 4 March 2011. Archived from the original on 6 November 2010. Retrieved 13 March 2011.
  2. ↑ List of Labour MPs elected in 2015 by % majority UK Political.info. Retrieved 2017-01-29
  3. ↑ https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-manchester-39646993
  4. ↑ "GE2017 - Constituency results". Britain Elects (Google Docs). Retrieved 11 June 2017.
  5. ↑ Seventh Schedule, Counties At Large, Number Of Members And Names And Contents Of Divisions, Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 (C.23)
  6. 1 2 3 F A Youngs Jr., Guide to the Local Administrative Units of England, Vol.II: Northern England, London 1991
  7. ↑ Ninth Schedule: Redistribution of Seats, Representation of the People Act 1918 (C.5)
  8. ↑ First Schedule, Parliamentary Constituencies, Representation of the People Act 1948 (C.65)
  9. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (Manchester, Oldham and Ashton under Lyne) Order, 1955 (S.I. 1955 No.16)
  10. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1983 (S.I. 1983 No.417)
  11. ↑ The Parliamentary Constituencies (England) Order 1995 (S.I. 1995 No.1626)
  12. ↑ Fifth periodical report - Volume 3 Mapping for the London Boroughs and the Metropolitan Counties, The Stationery Office, 26 February 2007, ISBN 0-10-170322-8
  13. 1 2 LGBCE (April 2017). Final recommendations on the new electoral arrangements for Manchester City Council (PDF). Local Government Boundary Commission for England. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 February 2018.
  14. ↑ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "G" (part 2)
  15. 1 2 "Political Notes". The Times, London. 13 February 1905. p. 6. Retrieved 2017-02-27.
  16. ↑ "Statement of Persons Nominated & Notice of Poll". Manchester City Council. Retrieved 12 May 2017.
  17. ↑ "Election Data 2015". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  18. ↑ "Manchester Gorton". BBC News. Retrieved 11 May 2015.
  19. ↑ "Election Data 2010". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 26 July 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2015.
  20. ↑ BBC - Election 2010 - Manchester Gorton
  21. ↑ "Election Data 2005". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  22. ↑ "Election Data 2001". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  23. ↑ "Election Data 1997". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  24. ↑ "Election Data 1992". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  25. ↑ "UK General Election results April 1992". Richard Kimber's Political Science Resources. Politics Resources. 9 April 1992. Retrieved 2010-12-06.
  26. ↑ "Election Data 1987". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  27. ↑ "Election Data 1983". Electoral Calculus. Archived from the original on 15 October 2011. Retrieved 18 October 2015.
  28. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 The Times House of Commons, 1950-1970
  29. ↑
  30. ↑
  31. ↑ Stevenson, Graham. "Abbott Syd". Retrieved 29 April 2017.
  32. 1 2 3 4 F. W. S. Craig, ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949. Palgrave Macmillan UK. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-81467-1.
  33. ↑ "Manchester & Salford: Only About Half The Voters Poll". The Manchester Guardian. 30 Dec 1918. p. 4.
  34. ↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-49, FWS Craig
  35. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1922
  36. ↑ Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser, 17 Jan 1914
  37. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Craig, FWS, ed. (1974). British Parliamentary Election Results: 1885-1918. London: Macmillan Press. ISBN 9781349022984.
  39. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916
  40. 1 2 3 4 5 6 The Liberal Year Book, 1907
  41. 1 2 Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901
  42. ↑ The Constitutional Year Book, 1904, published by Conservative Central Office, page 147 (171 in web page), Lancashire South East
  43. ↑ Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Preceded by
Louth and Horncastle		 Constituency represented by the Father of the House
2015-2017		 Succeeded by
Rushcliffe
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