Hardoi

Hardoi
City
Hardoi
Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
Coordinates: 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12Coordinates: 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12
Country  India
State Uttar Pradesh
Administrative division Lucknow
District Hardoi
Elevation 140 m (460 ft)
Population (2011)[1]
 • Total 130,429
Languages
 • Official Hindi
Time zone UTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN 241001
Vehicle registration UP-30
Sex ratio 868 ♀/1000 ♂
Languages Hindi, Urdu, Awadhi
Website www.hardoi.nic.in

Hardoi is a city and municipal board in Hardoi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is the administrative headquarters of Hardoi district.[2]

Geography

Hardoi is located at 27°25′N 80°07′E / 27.42°N 80.12°E / 27.42; 80.12.[3] It has an average elevation of 134 metres (440 ft). Hardoi is located at 110 km from Lucknow (capital of Uttar Pradesh) and 394 from New Delhi (capital of India). The Ganges and several of its tributaries are crossing the south of Hardoi district. Its area is 5947 km2. The record height is 500 ft. In 1995, Hardoi district had 5 km2 of dense forest and 13 km2 of open forest. The length of this district from northwest to southeast is 125.529 km and width from east to west is 74.83 km. District Hardoi comprises five tehsils (Hardoi, Shahabad, Bilgram, Sandila, and Sawayajpur), 19 blocks, 191 Nyay Panchayat, 1101 Gram Sabha, and 1901 inhabited revenue villages. Sandi Bird Sanctuary created in 1990, previously, "Dahar Jheel", is an important ecotourism bird habitat.[4] Gomati river flows mainly in hardoi. It also has 7 Nagar Palika Parishads & 6 Nagar Panchayats . Geographical area is 5947 km2. As per census 2011 population of the district is 4091380, out of which Female are 1887116 & Male are 2204264.

Demographics

As of 2011 India census,[5] Hardoi city had a population of 1,30,429. Males constitute 52.59% of the population and females 47.41%. In 2011 Average literacy rate of Hardoi city was 81.67% higher than the national average of 74.9%: male literacy was 86.59%, and female literacy was 76.22%. In Hardoi, 12% of the population is under 6 years of age.

History

Name origin

People believe that the name Hardoi comes from distorted version of its earlier name Haridrohi, which is a Hindi word that means "anti to the God". According to Hindu theology, in the past it was ruled by a King Hiranyakashipu, who didn’t have faith in God, but instead declared himself as God. He wanted the people to pray to him, but later his own son Prahlada rebelled. He tried to kill his own son by various means, but was unsuccessful. Later, to save Prahlad, God Vishnu as Narasimha himself came in disguise, such that he was neither human nor animal, and killed Hiranyakashipu. According to some scholars, the term "Hardoi" originated from the term "Haridwaya" which means two gods. Since there were two gods, Vamana (in the regime of King Bali) and Narasimha (in the regime of King Hiranyakashipu), who had been incarnated there and hence the place was called Haridwaya and later was called Hardoi.

History

In view of some people this district was colonized by Hardevbaksh and just because of this reason there is an old locality Hardevganj which exists in the city. Mallawa, Bilgram, Pihani, Shahabad, Sandila & Ruiyaa are the places of historical significance. According to some historians Mallawa was colonized by Buddhists while some believed that Sayyed Salar Masood Gazi came here. Earlier this area Mallawa was district headquarter. The ancient name of Bilgram is "SRINAGAR" its present name Bilgram was given by some associates of Mahmood Gajnavi. Pihani is derived by Persian word Pinhani (place of shelter), it is believed that king of Moughal dynasty Humayun took shelter in the forest of Pihani when he was defeated by Shershah Suri. Pihani is also related with the minister Sadarejahan of Emperor Akbar. His tomb and paintings are still here. According to the view of some people, Sandila was colonized by Rishi Sandilya. Sandila is also famous for old buildings, mosque & Barakhamba. There is one place known as 'Ruiyagarhi' which is famous for Ruiya king Narpati Singh. In the battle of first freedom struggle 1857 Ruiya king Narpati Singh competed with the army of britishers and killed 55 English soldiers and injured almost the same soldiers and forced them to return.[6]

Rulers

Hardoi is first mentioned during the Muslim rule. In 1028, Bawan was invaded by Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud.[7] However, Muslims didn’t occupy the region until 1217. After long struggle Sayyad Shakir established first Muslim site at GOPAMAU. Many battles between the Mogul and Afghan empires took place in Hardoi region due to the location of the district. Humayun was defeated by Sher Shah Suri between the cities of Bilgram and Sandi, and he escaped by crossing the river Ganges with the help of a bhisti to whom he had made the king for one day after regaining the throne.

Religion

The temple of Maa Kaliji - which is situated in the village of Bankhariya on Harpalpur road in Sandi block of Hardoi, is very beautiful. Which is built by Shri Bharat Singh ji (former teacher). Sri Bharat Singh ji has constructed this temple for 15 years with unwavering triumph and its deposit capital. It is a very observable temple. Here comes the peace of mind after seeing the Maata Rani. You can go here anytime but if you go to the rainy season you may have a problem of mud because there is a raw path to go to the temple. The temple of BABA SUNASINATH JI is situated 3 km away from Mallawan. It is also famous and it was a natural origin of divine power in the British umpire. It is also counted in one of the oldest temple in Hardoi. The holy river GANGA is only 18 km away in south of Mallawan.

Agriculture

Agriculture is the main activity in the district and many people depend on it. Of the total area, 3,980.45 km2 is devoted to agriculture. The main crops are paddy, sugarcane, wheat, vegetables, pulses and oilseeds. A small proportion of the total cultivated is used for horticulture: guava, mangoes, some herbs, etc. RIVER AND GHATS TEDIYA GHAT-this ghat is situated in JUGARAJPUR village, which is located about 14 km away from atrouli town.

Colleges and Schools

Degree colleges

  • Mahrana Pratap Government Degree College, Hardoi
  • Parmeshwar Vidhi Mahavidyalaya, A Law College For L.LB. 3year, Kursath, Block- Madhoganj, Hardoi 241126
  • Maa Bhagwati Degree College
  • Mahaveer Prasad Mayavati Mahavidyalya Daulatyarpur Madhoganj, Hardoi
  • Arya Kanya Degree College, Hardoi
  • Shri Janki Prasad Inter College Kachhauna, Dist. Hardoi,
  • Cane Societies Nehru (P.G.)Degree College
  • Dr. Harishankar Mishra Degree College & Law College
  • G.F. College of Law
  • Gulab Degree College
  • Katiyari Degree College
  • Maharana Pratap Government Post Graduate College
  • Shri Baijnath Singh Degree College
  • Subhash Chandra Bose p.g. College, Kahli Gausganj
  • Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia degree college, Hardoi
  • Maikulal degree college, Sanpkheda, Hardoi
  • Manyawar Kanshiram Law College
  • B N Degree College
  • CANE Society Degree College
  • Shri Veni Madhav Vidya Peeth Balika Inter college
  • R.R. Inter College, Hardoi
  • J.P. Verma Degree College

Schools

  • Shri Chhotey Lal Public School, Hardoi.
  • Narayan public Inter College, Jagdishpur - Bawan, Hardoi
  • Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya, Itara-Pihani, Hardoi
  • Government Inter College Tandiyawan, Hardoi 241001
  • P.B.R. Inter College, Gausganj Hardoi 241305
  • Shri Guru Ram Rai Public School, Hardoi
  • St. James Sr. Sec. School, Hardoi
  • Bal Vidya Bhawan Public School, Hardoi
  • Maa Bhagwati Inter School,Husseypur ,Hardoi
  • Sri Ram Swaroop Singh Vidyapeeth Intermediate College (U. P. Government Aided), Balehara Kamal Nagar, Near Raghaupur, Mallawan, Hardoi
  • Smt. Shiv Devi Balika Vidyapeeth Intermediate College, Balehara Kamal Nagar, Near Raghaupur, Mallawan, Hardoi
  • Sri Raghunandan Bal Vidyapeeth, Balehara Kamal Nagar, Near Raghaupur, Mallawan, Hardoi (Manager: Sh. Sahab Lal Yadav)
  • B. N. Inter College, Bhagwant Nagar, Mallawan, Hardoi
  • Kendriya Vidyalaya, Hardoi
  • N.P.Public Inter Colle Kyoti Khwajgipur Madhoganj, Hardoi
  • S.D. Inter College, Hardoi
  • Aadarsh Krishna Vidya Mandir Bhadaicha, Hardoi (founded by Pt. Yadunath Prasad Awasthi)
  • Narayan Public H.S. School Jagdishpur, Hardoi (founded by Anil Verma)
  • Lucknow public inter college, Madhoganj, Hardoi
  • St. Krishna Senior Secondary School, Jagdishpur, Hardoi
  • Junior High School, Fatehpur Gayand, Shahabad, Hardoi (Estd. in 1902)
  • Arya kanya inter pathsala collage, Hardoi
  • Gyan Ganga inter college chaudhariyapur sandi ‘ ‘ Hardoi
  • Shri veni madhav inter collage, Hardoi.'

References

  1. ↑ https://www.census2011.co.in/census/district/526-hardoi.html
  2. ↑ District Court, Hardoi
  3. ↑ "Falling Rain Genomics, Inc — Hardoi". Fallingrain.com. Retrieved 2011-11-10.
  4. ↑ Ecotourism
  5. ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
  6. ↑ http://onlinehardoihindi.blogspot.in/2015/02/blog-post_12.html
  7. ↑ Ghazi Saiyyad Salar Masud
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