See also:
U+6BBA, 殺
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BBA

[U+6BB9]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6BBB]
U+F970, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F970

[U+F96F]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+F971]
U+FA96, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA96

[U+FA95]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs
[U+FA97]
殺 U+2F8F5, 殺
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F8F5
殟
[U+2F8F4]
CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 殻
[U+2F8F6]

Translingual

Traditional
Simplified
Japanese
Korean

Alternative forms

  • In traditional Chinese (based on the modern character forms used in Taiwan and Hong Kong), the bottom left component is (𣎳 with an additional dot at its top right corner).
  • In mainland China (based on the Xin Zixing (新字形) standardized character forms), the bottom left component is instead which is one stroke less.
  • In Korean hanja, the bottom left component is , which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
  • In Japanese shinjitai and Vietnamese Nôm, the bottom left component is which is one stroke less.
  • Three CJK Compatibility Ideographs exist for this character:
    • U+F970 corresponds to the Japanese kyūjitai form containing which is similar to the historical Kangxi form.
    • U+FA96 corresponds to the alternative Korean form which is similar to the Japanese shinjitai form containing .
    • U+2F8F5 is similar to the traditional form in Taiwan but has 𣎳 (without dot at top right corner) instead of as its bottom left component.

Han character

(radical 79, +7 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 殳+6 in mainland China and Japanese, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 大金竹弓水 (KCHNE) or 大木竹弓水 (KDHNE), four-corner 47947, composition ⿰⿱(G) or ⿰⿱(HT) or ⿰⿱(JV or U+FA96) or ⿰⿱(K or U+F970).⿰⿱𣎳(U+2F8F5))

References

  • KangXi: page 585, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16638
  • Dae Jaweon: page 978, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2157, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6BBA

Chinese

trad.
simp. *

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*sreːdss
*sreːds, *srads, *sreːd
*sreːds, *sreːd
*srads, *sreːd
*slaːd
*sreːd
*sreːd, *sred
*sʰraːd

In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意) :  (spear) + [Term?] (hair) – a man impaled in the head.

In the bronze script, (“man”) was added under the hair to accentuate the killing of the man. In some bronze inscriptions, (“spear”) or was used in place of .

In the bamboo and silk script, symbol representing the man being killed corrupted into : (weapon for killing) + 𣎳. The seal script inherits this: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sreːds, *sreːd) : phonetic 𣏂 + semantic  (spear).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat.

Pronunciation


Note:
  • sat - literary;
  • soah - vernacular.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂa⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʂa⁴⁴/
Tianjin /sɑ²¹/
Jinan /ʂa²¹³/
Qingdao /ʂa⁵⁵/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰa²⁴/
Xi'an /sa²¹/
Xining /sa⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂa¹³/
Lanzhou /ʂa¹³/
Ürümqi /sa²¹³/
Wuhan /sa²¹³/
Chengdu /sa³¹/
Guiyang /sa²¹/
Kunming /ʂa̠³¹/
Nanjing /ʂɑʔ⁵/
Hefei /ʂɐʔ⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /saʔ²/
Pingyao /sʌʔ¹³/
Hohhot /saʔ⁴³/
Wu Shanghai /saʔ⁵/
Suzhou /saʔ⁵/
Hangzhou /sɑʔ⁵/
Wenzhou /sa²¹³/
Hui Shexian /saʔ²¹/
Tunxi /sɔ⁵/
Xiang Changsha /sa²⁴/
Xiangtan /sɒ²⁴/
Gan Nanchang /saʔ⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sat̚¹/
Taoyuan /sɑt̚²²/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sat̚³/
Nanning /sat̚³³/
Hong Kong /sɐt̚³/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sat̚³²/
/suaʔ³²/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sɑʔ²³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /suɛ²⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /suaʔ²/
Haikou (Min Nan) /sa⁵⁵/
/tua⁵⁵/

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (21)
Final () (75)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʃˠɛt̚/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʃᵚæt̚/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʃæt̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʂəɨt̚/
Li
Rong
/ʃɛt̚/
Wang
Li
/ʃæt̚/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʂat̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
sha
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shā
Middle
Chinese
‹ srɛt ›
Old
Chinese
/*s<r>at/
English kill

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 11010
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sreːd/

Definitions

  1. to kill; to murder
  2. to hurt

Usage notes

  • Normally, the subject of 殺 should at least be alive. The sentence "A tiger killed many people." can be validly translated as 老虎殺死數人, while the sentence "This accident killed many people." is seldom translated as *這次事故殺死數人. For death caused by non-living things, split forms of 致死 (zhìsǐ) are often used instead:
    事故死亡 [MSC, trad.]
    事故死亡 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè cì shìgù zhì shù rén sǐwáng. [Pinyin]
    This accident caused many people's death.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“to kill (a person)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Xi'an
Wuhan
Chengdu
Yangzhou
Hefei
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou
Fuqing
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Penang
Chaozhou
Wu Suzhou
Wenzhou
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng
Dialectal synonyms of (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 宰殺, 屠宰
Mandarin Beijing , , fish
Taiwan ,
Jinan , ,
Xi'an ,
Wuhan , , fish
Chengdu ,
Yangzhou , , fish
Hefei , fish
Cantonese Guangzhou , chicken
Hong Kong
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
Taishan
Yangjiang
Gan Nanchang , fish
Hakka Meixian
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong
Sabah
Singkawang
Jin Taiyuan ,
Min Bei Jian'ou
Min Dong Fuzhou ,
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Penang
Chaozhou
Wu Suzhou
Wenzhou ,
Xiang Changsha ,
Shuangfeng

Compounds

Etymology 2

From (OC *sʰrol, *srul, “to diminish; to decay”) + final *-t (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (21)
Final () (33)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʃˠɛiH/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʃᵚæiH/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʃɐiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʂəɨjH/
Li
Rong
/ʃɛiH/
Wang
Li
/ʃɐiH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ʂăiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shài
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shài
Middle
Chinese
‹ srɛjH ›
Old
Chinese
/*s<r>at-s/
English diminish

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 11006
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sreːds/

Definitions

  1. to pare off; to diminish; to reduce; to clip
    [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: 荀子, 《樂論》
    Lóngshā zhī yì biàn yǐ. [Pinyin]
    The principle of increase and dimunution (of sumptuary allowances) is defined.

Compounds

Etymology 3

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. dark
  2. Alternative form of 𥻦 (“to spread; to exile”).

Etymology 4

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 蹩殺蹩杀.

Etymology 5

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Only used in 降殺降杀.

Etymology 6

For pronunciation and definitions of – see (“to kill a parent or superior”).
(This character, , is a variant form of .)

Japanese

Shinjitai

Kyūjitai

Kanji

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. to kill

Readings

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

(sal, soe) (hangeul , , McCuneReischauer sal, soe, Yale sal, soy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(sát, sái, sít, sịt, sướt, sét, sượt)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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