周

See also: 固 and 週
周 U+5468, 周
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5468
← 呧
[U+5467] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 呩 →
[U+5469]
周 U+2F83F, 周
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F83F
← 呈
[U+2F83E] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement 咢 →
[U+2F840]

Translingual
Stroke order

Han character

周 (radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 月土口 (BGR), four-corner 77220, composition ⿵⺆𠮷(GTJKV) or ⿵⺆⿻一古(H))

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 181, character 36
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3441
  • Dae Jaweon: page 400, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 606, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5468

Chinese

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 周
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Qin slip script Ancient script Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (周) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
裯 *tuːw, *dɯw, *do
啁 *tuːw, *rtɯːw, *tɯw
禂 *tuːwʔ
綢 *tʰuːw, *dɯw
翢 *tʰuːw, *duːw
錭 *duːw
雕 *tɯːw
凋 *tɯːw
琱 *tɯːw
鯛 *tɯːw
鵰 *tɯːw
彫 *tɯːw
奝 *tɯːw
調 *dɯːw, *dɯːws, *tɯw
蜩 *dɯːw
惆 *tʰɯw
婤 *tʰɯw, *tjɯw
稠 *dɯw
椆 *dɯw, *tjɯws
周 *tjɯw
輖 *tjɯw
賙 *tjɯw
郮 *tjɯw
晭 *tjɯwʔ
倜 *tʰɯːwɢ

Etymology 1
For pronunciation and definitions of 周 – see 週 (“week; circumference; etc.”).
(This character, 周, is the simplified and variant traditional form of 週.)
Notes:

Usage notes

This variant form is the name of the second tetragram of the Taixuanjing (𝌇), as listed in the ancient text.

Etymology 2
trad. 周
simp. # 周

Pronunciation
  • Dialectal data▼
Variety Location 周
Mandarin Beijing /ʈ͡ʂou⁵⁵/
Harbin /ʈ͡ʂou⁴⁴/
Tianjin /ʈ͡ʂou²¹/
/t͡sou²¹/
Jinan /ʈ͡ʂou²¹³/
Qingdao /tʃou²¹³/
Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂou²⁴/
Xi'an /ʈ͡ʂou²¹/
Xining /ʈ͡ʂɯ⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /ʈ͡ʂəu⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂou³¹/
Ürümqi /ʈ͡ʂɤu⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡səu⁵⁵/
Kunming /ʈ͡ʂəu⁴⁴/
Nanjing /ʈ͡ʂəɯ³¹/
Hefei /ʈ͡ʂɯ²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡səu¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂəu¹³/
Hohhot /t͡səu³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡sɤ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡sɤ⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡sei³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕɤu³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiu³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiu¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /ʈ͡ʂəu³³/
Xiangtan /ʈ͡ʂəɯ³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡sɨu⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /t͡su⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /tʃu²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐu⁵³/
Nanning /t͡sɐu⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /t͡sɐu⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡siu⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sieu⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡siu⁵⁴/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡siu³³/
Haikou (Min Nan) /t͡siu²³/
Rime
Character 周
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 尤 (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 職流切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕɨu/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕiu/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cuw/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiu/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhōu
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 周 周
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhōu zhōu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyuw › ‹ tsyuw ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tiw/ /*tiw/
English Zhōu (dynasty and place) cycle; all around

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 周
Reading # 1/1
No. 17531
Phonetic
component		 周
Rime
group		 幽
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 周
Old
Chinese		 /*tjɯw/
Notes 甲金文象田間稼密，
爲稠初文

Definitions

周

  1. thorough; scrupulous; meticulous
  2. to help financially
  3. (historical) (～朝) Zhou Dynasty
  4. A surname​.
    周恩來 / 周恩来  ―  Zhōu Ēnlái  ―  Zhou Enlai / Chou En-Lai (the first Premier of the People's Republic of China)
  5. (～村) Zhou (a village in Dongsong, Luoning, Luoyang, Henan, China)
See also
Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
NameTime periodDivisions
Xia
夏 (～朝, ～代)		 2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
商 (～朝, ～代)
殷 (～朝, ～代)		 1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
周 (～朝, ～代)		 1046 – 256 BCEWestern Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周／东周		Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國／战国
Qin
秦 (～朝, ～代)		 221 – 206 BCE
Han
漢／汉 (～朝, ～代)		 206 BCE – 220 CEWestern Han
西漢／西汉
Xin
新 (～朝)
Eastern Han
東漢／东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國／三国		 220 – 280 CEWei
魏
Shu
蜀
Wu
吳／吴
Jin
晉／晋 (～朝, ～代)		 265 – 420 CEWestern Jin
西晉／西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉／东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝		 420 – 589 CENorthern dynasties
北朝		Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏／东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊／北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝		Liu Song
劉宋／刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊／南齐
Liang
梁 (～朝, ～代)
Chen
陳／陈 (～朝, ～代)
Sui
隋 (～朝, ～代)		 581 – 618 CE
Tang
唐 (～朝, ～代)		 618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國／五代十国		 907 – 960 CE
Liao
遼／辽 (～朝, ～代)		 907 – 1125 CE
Song
宋 (～朝, ～代)		 960 – 1279 CENorthern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏		 1038 – 1227 CE
Jin
金 (～朝, ～代)		 1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao
西遼／西辽		 1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan
元 (～朝, ～代)		 1271 – 1368 CE
Ming
明 (～朝, ～代)		 1368 – 1644 CE
Qing
清 (～朝, ～代)		 1636 – 1912 CE

Compounds
Derived terms from 周

Japanese

Kanji
周

(grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. circumference
  2. circuit
  3. lap

Readings

Compounds
Kanji in this term
周
しゅう
Grade: 4
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 周 (MC t͡ɕɨu).

Pronunciation

Counter

周 (hiragana しゅう, rōmaji -shū, historical hiragana しう)

  1. laps or circuits

Proper noun

周 (hiragana しゅう, rōmaji Shū, historical hiragana しう)

  1. Zhou

Proper noun

周 (hiragana まこと, rōmaji Makoto)

  1. A male given name

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

周 (eumhun 두루 주 (duru ju))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

周 (chu, châu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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