春秋

Chinese

 
spring (time); gay; joyful; youthful; love; lust; life
 
autumn; fall; harvest time; a swing
simp. and trad.
(春秋)

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (24) (14)
Final () (47) (136)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed Open
Division () III III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/t͡ɕʰiuɪn/ /t͡sʰɨu/
Pan
Wuyun
/t͡ɕʰʷin/ /t͡sʰiu/
Shao
Rongfen
/t͡ɕʰjuen/ /t͡sʰiəu/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/cʰwin/ /t͡sʰuw/
Li
Rong
/t͡ɕʰiuĕn/ /t͡sʰiu/
Wang
Li
/t͡ɕʰĭuĕn/ /t͡sʰĭəu/
Bernard
Karlgren
/t͡ɕʰi̯uĕn/ /t͡sʰi̯ə̯u/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
chūn qiū
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
chūn qiū
Middle
Chinese
‹ tsyhwin › ‹ tshjuw ›
Old
Chinese
/*tʰun/ /*tsʰiw/
English springtime autumn; crop

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 12573 10537
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
2 2
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*tʰjun/ /*sʰɯw/
Notes

Noun

春秋

  1. (literally) spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) the four seasons
  3. (figuratively) a year's time; year
  4. (figuratively) person's age
  5. (figuratively) time (as a general concept)
  6. (figuratively) annal; chronicle of events by year

Derived terms

  • 富春秋
  • 春秋幾何春秋几何
  • 春秋日高
  • 春秋榜
  • 春秋鼎盛
  • 楚漢春秋楚汉春秋
  • 皮裡春秋皮里春秋
  • 蟪蛄不知春秋

Proper noun

春秋

  1. the Spring and Autumn Annals, the chronicle of the Chinese state of Lu
  2. the Spring and Autumn period (770–476 BC)

Synonyms

Derived terms

  • 春秋三傳春秋三传
  • 春秋五霸
  • 春秋大一統春秋大一统
  • 春秋大夢春秋大梦
  • 春秋筆削春秋笔削
  • 春秋筆法春秋笔法

See also

Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
NameTime periodDivisions
Xia
(~朝, ~代)
2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
(~朝, ~代)
(~朝, ~代)
1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
(~朝, ~代)
1046 – 256 BCEWestern Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周东周
Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國战国
Qin
(~朝, ~代)
221 – 206 BCE
Han
(~朝, ~代)
206 BCE – 220 CEWestern Han
西漢西汉
Xin
(~朝)
Eastern Han
東漢东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國三国
220 – 280 CEWei
Shu
Wu
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
265 – 420 CEWestern Jin
西晉西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝
420 – 589 CENorthern dynasties
北朝
Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝
Liu Song
劉宋刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊南齐
Liang
(~朝, ~代)
Chen
(~朝, ~代)
Sui
(~朝, ~代)
581 – 618 CE
Tang
(~朝, ~代)
618 – 907 CE
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國五代十国
907 – 960 CE
Liao
(~朝, ~代)
907 – 1125 CE
Song
(~朝, ~代)
960 – 1279 CENorthern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏
1038 – 1227 CE
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
1115 – 1234 CE
Western Liao
西遼西辽
1124 – 1218 CE
Yuan
(~朝, ~代)
1271 – 1368 CE
Ming
(~朝, ~代)
1368 – 1644 CE
Qing
(~朝, ~代)
1636 – 1912 CE

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
しゅん
Grade: 2
しゅう > じゅう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese compound 春秋 (tsyhwin tshjuw, literally spring and autumn). The kan'on, so probably a shift in reading after initial borrowing.

Pronunciation

Noun

春秋 (hiragana しゅんじゅう, rōmaji shunjū)

  1. spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) a year; (by extension) one's age

Proper noun

春秋 (hiragana しゅんじゅう, rōmaji Shunjū)

  1. the Spring and Autumn Annals, the chronicles of the ancient State of Lu

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
はる
Grade: 2
あき
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Compound of (haru, spring) + (aki, autumn).

Pronunciation

Noun

春秋 (hiragana はるあき, rōmaji haruaki)

  1. spring and autumn
  2. (metonymically) a year; (by extension) one's age
    • 1212, Kamo no Chōmei, Hōjōki (The Ten-Foot Square Hut)
      四十あまりの春秋をおくれる間に
      よんじゅう あまり の はるあき を おくれる あいだ に
      yonjū amari no haruaki o okureru aida ni
      during the course of living some forty-odd years

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
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